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1.
研究了珍珠加工中前处理方法,作用和效果。在前处理过程中,珍珠内有荧光物质长碳必然性 脂以等物溶出。珍珠的颜色不同,前处理工艺方法不同,溶出物质也不同。经过前处理,珍珠的光泽明显增加;漂白速度有所加快。可通过测溶液折射率变化的方法来比较前处理工艺中有机溶剂的处理效果。  相似文献   

2.
以奶粉、珍珠水解液等为原料.经溶解、配料、调合、过滤、均质、杀菌等工序后制成珍珠酸奶。不同稳定剂、酸味料及络合剂的选择试验结果表明:CMC与PGA联合使用效果良好,最佳用量分别为0.28%与0.08%;酸味料和络合剂分别以乳酸和三聚磷酸钠为佳。产品常温放置半年没有明显沉淀,口感厚实圆润,酸甜适口。  相似文献   

3.
马氏珠母贝的术前处理试验   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
本试验根据马氏珠母贝手术贝的不同生理状态,分别用控制海水流量、饵料等抑制贝的生殖腺发育,或促进生殖腺发育并诱导产卵排精的方法,对手术贝进行术前处理,结果表明:手术后休养期成活率平均为92.9%,最高的达95.3%;育珠期成活率平均为75.3%。最高的一组达85.3%;平均每个贝留核数1.06粒,最高的达1.17粒,同时珍珠质量明显提高。用术前处理方法,产量和产值可提高52.3%。  相似文献   

4.
研究8组不同小片和核处理液在海南陵水海区的育珠效果,优化、筛选适宜该海区育珠的小片处理液及与之匹配的珠核处理液。结果显示:1)处理组手术贝休养期的吐核率与死亡率均显著低于对照组,表明处理液可促进伤口愈合并抗感染;2)处理组育珠8个月后的珠层厚度平均可达0.5 mm以上,与对照组0.3 mm的珠层厚度差异极显著(P<0.01),表明处理液具有明显促进珍珠质分泌的作用;3)优化筛选出核处理液C3,其增强核亲和力的效果明显优于C1(P<0.05);4)W处理组育珠贝死亡率平均小于22%,明显低于对照组(36.7%)和Y处理组(31.45%)(P<0.01),表明W处理液效果优于Y处理液;5)在8个处理组中,筛选出W0、W2、Y3三个匹配组,其育珠效果明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。引入综合评价指数即优良珍珠数占育珠贝总数的比例,以量化育珠效果便于比较  相似文献   

5.
过去旧法养殖珍珠,生产周期较长,且产量、质量低。针对这个问题,我校养殖系海产动植物养殖专业于1972年组织了工人、技术员和教师三结合科研小组,试验用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)处理小片加速珍珠的形成,取得良好的效果。经用数理统计的方法分析整理其试验数据,证明这次试验是成功的;且证明在珍珠的放养前期,珍珠层的增厚是较快的,而在后期珍珠层的增厚速度渐趋缓慢。在试验PVP处理珍珠小片的同时,还研究了用PVP加金霉素及用赤霉素处理小片的试验。经整理分析其抽样检查的珍珠层厚  相似文献   

6.
以巴西棕榈蜡、川蜡、蜂蜡、石蜡等为原料,利用有机概念图原理,设计了珍珠抛光用蜡乳液的配方,探讨了乳化温度、乳化时间、相同配方时不同乳液类型等对乳化蜡的稳定性的影响,制作出了适合珍珠抛光的蜡乳液。结果表明:利用均质机乳化,在乳化温度95℃、乳化时间30 min、转速为1 000~2 000 r/min时,所配制的珍珠抛光乳液稳定性较好,对提高珍珠光泽具有明显效果。  相似文献   

7.
珍珠晶莹剔透、玲珑巧雅、光艳夺目,具有极高的饰用价值。但珍珠在形成过程中因受到各种因素的影响,外观质量差别很大,部分珍珠需经过优化加工处理方可制成工艺品。漂白加工是最重要的珍珠优化处理手段,它能去除珍珠中异质杂物、改善色泽、提高饰用价值。因此,除珍珠养殖技术之外,珍珠漂白技术的高低,也直接影响珍珠成品质量的好坏。本文较系统地阐述了国内外珍珠漂白技术发展状况,提出了国内珍珠加工存在的问题及改进措施。1国际珍珠漂白技术发展概况对珍珠实施漂白处理始于1922年,但直至1930年才在日本的《水座研究结》上公开报…  相似文献   

8.
一、溶样方法 溶样方法主要分为热溶和冷溶,其中,热溶是主要的溶样方法,尤其适合新金厂金试样的溶解。 1.热溶法主要采用王水溶样体系新金厂的金试样,经过700℃焙烧1h预处理,于300ml三角瓶中用60ml(1+1)王水在电热板上加热溶解(溶样温度不能太高,小心溅出),溶至王水体积大约10ml左右,试样溶解完全。  相似文献   

9.
给出了数字化地震记录P波初始部分平均出射角和方位角的分析处理方法,研究了山西大同ML=6.1级地震以及唐山ML=5.6级地震前出射角与方位角出现的异常变化,并对地震前地震波动力学特征的这一类前兆异常现象进行了初步讨论。  相似文献   

10.
文献中已有超高压条件下形成的石榴石有金红石出溶的报道,但其出溶的机制还未被研究。单斜辉石中的Eskola辉石组分M0.5AlSi2O6与一般辉石组分M2Si2O6在超高压条件下一道进入石榴石,将在石榴石中出现Si^Ⅵ 0.5□^Ⅶ=Al^Ⅵ 0.5M^Ⅶ偶合置换,产生偏离化学计量的、超硅和亏铝的石榴石端元组分M2.5(AlSi)Si3O12由于石榴石中Ti4^ 对Si4^ 的部分替代,这种偶合置换的形式实际为(Si,Ti)^Ⅵ 0.5□^Ⅶ=Al^Ⅵ 0.5M^^Ⅶ,它是理解石榴石中出溶金红石的关键。这种偶合置换的消失,将导致金红石的出溶:M3-0.5n-0.5x(Al2n-xSinTix)(Si3-y Tiy)O12(出溶前石榴石)=[(1-n)/2-x/2]M3Al2Si3O12(正常石榴石) (n/2 x/2)M2Si2O6(辉石) (x y)TiO2(金红石) [(3n/2 x)/2-y]SiO2(石英),其中n x为这一偶合类质同象置换的程度。如果[(3n/2 x/(2-y)]≤0,石英将不存在,上式中金红石的系数将达到最大值3(n x)/2。通过实例分析,可知这种偶合置换的程度与Si^Ⅵ M^Ⅶ=Al^Ⅵ Al^Ⅵ和Si^Ⅵ Na^Ⅶ=Al^Ⅵ M^Ⅶ偶合置换棚比要低的多。实际的出溶反应还有原石榴石中后两种偶合置换消失所导致的出溶反应的贡献,而且对出溶的富Na单斜辉石是主要的贡献。给出的分解反应的逆反应,揭示了形成具有这一偶合置换的石榴石的另一种途径。  相似文献   

11.
将电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)应用于铁矿石的物相分析,并对不同相态前处理方法作了详细的叙述。样品经磁选后得到磁铁矿,用重铬酸钾容量法测定磁铁矿,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定菱铁矿、赤褐铁矿、硫化铁和硅酸铁。对仪器条件、溶剂的选择及溶液介质影响进行了讨论,所得结果与容量法测定结果比对无显著差异,可用于铁矿石物相的测定。  相似文献   

12.
水下的地质雷达探测与常规的地质雷达探测具有显著的不同点。文中对CPML吸收边界条件的公式进行推导,并通过数值模拟对均匀介质以及非均匀介质中吸收边界条件的吸收效果进行了验证,数值模拟的波场快照证明了CPML吸收边界条件在水下的地质雷达数值模拟中具有很好的吸收效果。通过对水平层状介质模型以及倾斜层状介质模型开展数值模拟,并结合实际探测的雷达图像,证明地质雷达对于水下地层的探测能够取得良好的效果;通过对空洞体位于不同深度时的数值模拟,证明了地质雷达对于水下的空洞探测也能对其位置及规模进行较为准确的判断。这为水下地质灾害的探测提供了理论依据及指导。  相似文献   

13.
Study on the coagulation of four species of red tide organisms(Nitzschia pungens,Skeletonema costatum,Prorocentrum minimum and Noctiluca scintillans)with montmorillonite,and the effect ofmontmorillonite pretreatment on the coagulation shows that the capability for montmorillonite to coagu-late with them is in the order:N.pungens>S.costatum>P.minimum>N.scintillans.Thecoagulation is discussed from the aspects of the structure,shape,size,movement,habit,etc.of differ-ent species and the results are explained theoretically.The experimental results also indicate that the treat-ment of montmorillonite with acid can enhance its coagulating capability.This is due to the fact that Al(OH_2)_6~(+3),exchanged from the clay lattice by hydrogen ion H~+,forms hydroxy-aluminum polymers on thesurface of the montmorillonite.The hydroxy-aluminum polymers positively charge and increase the positivecharacteristic of the clay surface,and also serves as a bridge between adjacent surfaces of particles.Thesetwo functions enhance  相似文献   

14.
本文阐述大气中重要的“痕量气体”之一——臭氧(平流层臭氧)对地球表面和低层大气的温室效应及其全球气候的反馈影响;指出了云的辐射力的概念及其重要性,并讨论了“南极臭氧洞”现象。  相似文献   

15.
During the summers of 1999 and 2000, sampling was carried out in Mt.Yulong, for the investigation of the spatial distribution of oxygen stable isotope in the atmospheric-glacial-hydro system and similar results obtained in the two years have confirmed our conclusion. There is an evident negative correlation between stable isotopic composition and air temperature-precipitation amount, suggesting that there exits a strong “precipitation amount effect” in this typical monsoon temperate-glacier region. There are marked differences between the δ1'O values in winter-accumulated snow, glacial meltwater, summer precipitation and glacier-feeding stream. Under the control of varied climatic conditions, spatial and temporal variations of above glacialhydro mediums are apparent. Isotopic depletion or fractionation and ionic changes had occurred during the phase-change and transformation processes of snow-ice, icemeltwater, flowing of runoff and contact with bedrock. The variation of stable isotope in a runoff can reflect not only its own flowing process but also its different feeding sources.  相似文献   

16.
Changes in the regulatory requirements and the forthcoming Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products (D/DBP) Rule will require that drinking water treatment facilities be operated to achieve maximum removals of particles and disinfectant tolerant microorganisms as well as natural organic matter (NOM). For drinking water production, the use of membrane filtration processes such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration (MF/UF) alone to satisfy the turbidity, particle and microorganism removal a requirement of the surface water treatment regulation (SWTR) is not enough. MF/UF treatment processes can achieve only nominal (10 percent) removal of disinfection by-products (DBP) precursors (James, et al., 1995). On the other hand, too fast fouling can make the filtration processes more difficult to carry on. To solve these problems, many authors have been interested in installing coagulation pretreatment before membrane filtration to improve membrane performance. However, previous studies reported conflicting results. Some supported the effectiveness of coagulation pretreatment, while others contended that coagulation aggravated membrane performance. This research aims to identify the effects of coagulation pretreatment on membrane filtration through a pilot study using PVDF membrane in combination with analyzing the rationale of coagulation. Another objective of this research was to evaluate the different impacts on membrane performance of using different membrane modules (the submerged module and pressured module). The results showed that coagulation pretreatment greatly improved the membrane performance, extending the filtration time as well as reducing the permeated organic level, and that the submerged module is much more efficient than the pressured module.  相似文献   

17.
The action of the wind field and the influence of topography can cause divergence or convergence of surface current. The existence of the divergence-convergence effect is proved and the dynamical significance of the divergent or convergent state and its link with many marine phenomena are pointed out. Divergence fields of surface current in the Bohai Sea in winter and summer are obtained by numerical modelling describing the divergence-convergence character of seasonally wind-driven current. The relation between the effect and seasonal marine phenomena is discussed. Study on the divergence-convergence effect of surface current (DCESC)can be an indirect method for testing the calculated results.  相似文献   

18.
为从数字高程模型(DEM)中自动提取区域水流特征,分析了DEM中地形的形态特征,并进行洼地填充和平地抬升的预处理,应用坡面流模拟方法进行了水流方向的确定及水流方向数字阵列的生成,最后根据水流方向阵列和河流栅格网络图生成需要的水系,其结果与手工数字化的水系基本一致,证明该方法是有效的。  相似文献   

19.
直接利用克里金插值得到的对流层延迟在地形变化起伏大的地区效果不好,提出利用多元回归方法改正克里金直接插值所带来的插值误差.以美国南加州GPS网为例,对海拔差异不同的测区分别进行实验.在具有不同改正因子的方程中,同时具有经、纬度、海拔因子的方程具有较其他方程更好的改正效果,在测站海拔分布差异较小的测区(小于500 m),该方法对插值误差有较好的改正效果,精度达到厘米级,甚至毫米级.  相似文献   

20.
Cryopreservation of Porphyra yezoensis conchocelis was conducted with cryoprotectants and a proposed pretreatment procedure and thawing methods explored. Six cryoprotectants combined by DMSO with ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PEG), sorbitol and sucrose were developed. The effect of prefreezing at -40℃ or -20℃ for different time durations was compared and the thawing methods were screened. It was shown that the cryoprotectant including 10% DMSO with 0.5 molL^-1 sorbitol exhibited the optimal effect. The ideal pretreatment was that conchocelis segments were stayed for 20min at -40℃ before stored in liquid nitrogen, and 40℃ water bath was proper for quick thawing. The highest recovery rate of cryopreserved P. yezoensis conchocelis reached 89.41%.  相似文献   

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