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1.
不确定性对北部湾二长棘鲷渔业资源评估影响的模拟研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法研究了生物学参考点F0.1、Fmax和当前捕捞死亡系数(current fishing mortality rate,Fcur)估计中的不确定性对北部湾二长棘鲷渔业资源评估的影响。结果表明:二长棘鲷渔业资源状态评估受到F0.1、Fmax、Fcur估计中的不确定性和管理者选取的决策置信水平的影响,二长棘鲷渔业被确定为过度捕捞的概率随着F0.1、Fmax、Fcur估计中不确定性和置信水平的增加而下降;F0.1和Fmax估计中的不确定性主要由生长参数的不确定性引起,自然死亡系数的不确定性对F0.1和Fmax估计中的不确定性的影响是有一定限度的。相比Fmax,将F0.1作为二长棘鲷渔业的管理目标更为合适。  相似文献   

2.
对真鲷 (Pagrosomusmajor)、黄鳍鲷 (Sparuslatus)、黑鲷 (S .macrocephalus)和平鲷 (Rhabdosar gussarba )的线粒体DNA细胞色素b 4 0 5bp序列进行测定。结果发现 ,4种鲷科鱼种内碱基的变异较低 ,真鲷为 0 .2 5% ,黄鳍鲷为 0 .74 % ,黑鲷和平鲷均为 0 ;真鲷有 4种单倍型 ,黄鳍鲷有 2种单倍型 ,黑鲷和平鲷分别为 1种单倍型 ,且单倍型间变异位点很少 ,真鲷有 3个变异位点 ,黄鳍鲷仅有 1个变异位点 ,而黑鲷和平鲷无变异位点。结果表明 ,细胞色素b基因在这 4种鲷科鱼种内是相当保守的。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】探讨矢耳石地标法在笛鲷种内及种间中的判别作用。【方法】利用2017年购自广西北海、海南文昌、广东阳江的87尾红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus erythropterus)和76尾紫红笛鲷(Lutjanus argentimaculatus)成鱼的矢耳石样本,基于地标点法分析耳石的形态差异,运用判别分析检验耳石形态差异在2种笛鲷的种间和同种不同群体间的判别功效。【结果】位于听沟前中部交叉点的两个地标点10、11贡献较大,解释了耳石形态变异的64.88%~65.85%,表明两种笛鲷耳石形态的种间差异和种内群体差异主要集中于听沟前中部。基于耳石形态的地标点方法对2种笛鲷的种间判别成功率为97.4%和100.0%;红鳍笛鲷和紫红笛鲷的种内不同群体判别成功率分别为85.7%、83.3%、80.0%和94.1%、78.1%、81.5%。【结论】矢耳石地标点法可作为2种笛鲷种间和种内判别的有效工具。  相似文献   

4.
4种鲷科鱼种内细胞色素b基因序列的保守性   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对真鲷(Pagrosomus major)、黄鳍鲷(Sparus latus)、黑鲷(S.macrocephalus)和平鲷(Rhabdosargus sarba)的线粒体DNA细胞色素b 405bP序列进行测定。结果发现,4种鲷科鱼种内碱基的变异较低,真鲷为0.25%,黄鳍鲷为0.74%,黑鲷和平鲷均为0;真鲷有4种单倍型,黄鳍鲷有2种单倍型,黑鲷和平鲷分别为1种单倍型,且单倍型间变异位点很少,真鲷有3个变异位点,黄鳍鲷仅有1个变异位点,而黑鲷和平鲷无变异位点。结果表明,细胞色素b基因在这4种鲷科鱼种内是相当保守的。  相似文献   

5.
北部湾二长棘鲷生长、死亡及其群体组成   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
利用2006年7月至2008年3月北部湾渔业商业捕捞底拖网和刺网渔获物中采集的样本,对北部湾二长棘鲷的生长、死亡及其群体组成进行了初步研究。结果表明,北部湾二长棘鲷优势体长70~140 mm,占82.2%;优势体重为20~60 g,占54.29%;ARSS分析表明雌雄生长不存在显著性差异(P>0.05),繁殖期性比为1.21∶1;von Bertalanffy生长方程的主要参数分别为:L∞=292.8 mm,K=0.167,t0=-1.116;体重的生长拐点为5.463龄;总死亡系数、自然死亡系数和捕捞死亡系数分别为1.041 4、0.282 8和0.752 6,当前开发率为0.728。  相似文献   

6.
比较了鲐 Pneumatophorus japonicus ( Houttuyn)和蓝点马鲛 Scomberomorus niphonius( C.etV.)的骨骼特征。鲐脑颅整体特别是前 1/ 2部分狭长 ,蓝点马鲛脑颅较扁宽。鲐脑颅的中筛骨、鼻骨、额骨、犁骨、围眶骨等 ,咽颅的前上颌骨、上颌骨、腭骨、齿骨、角舌骨、尾舌骨、下咽骨等 ,肩带的上后颞骨、后匙骨和腰带骨等与蓝点马鲛相应部分的骨骼皆有重要差异 ,有些特征可能是科或属的区别  相似文献   

7.
摘要:采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,从20对西大西洋笛鲷(Lutjanus campechamus)的微卫星引物中筛选适用于红鳍笛鲷(L.erythopterus)、勒氏笛鲷(L.russellii)、紫红笛鲷(L.argentimaculatus)和约氏笛鲷(L.johnii)基因组分析的微卫星引物,分析4种笛鲷的遗传多样性及系统发生。经反应条件的优化,从20对引物中筛选出17对可稳定扩增出特异片段的引物。通过测序证实扩增产物含微卫星位点后,以该17对引物对4个种的群体进行遗传多样性分析。其中16对可在约氏笛鲷、勒氏笛鲷、紫红笛鲷基因组中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,分别有65%、65%、60%呈现出种内多态:15对可在红鳍笛鲷中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,并且全部呈现出种内多态。四种笛鲷中,红鳍笛鲷的多态性最高,高度多态基因座占检测座位的66.67%;勒氏笛鲷的多态性最低,低度多态基因座占43.75%。获得3个种间特异性分子标记。用风和DA两种方法计算4种笛鲷的遗传距离,构建了系统发生树。  相似文献   

8.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,从20对西大西洋笛鲷(Lutjanus campechanus)的微卫星引物中筛选适用于红鳍笛鲷(L.erythopterus)、勒氏笛鲷(L.russellii)、紫红笛鲷(L.argentimaculatus)和约氏笛鲷(L.johnii)基因组分析的微卫星引物,分析4种笛鲷的遗传多样性及系统发生。经反应条件的优化,从20对引物中筛选出17对可稳定扩增出特异片段的引物。通过测序证实扩增产物含微卫星位点后,以该17对引物对4个种的群体进行遗传多样性分析。其中16对可在约氏笛鲷、勒氏笛鲷、紫红笛鲷基因组中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,分别有65%、65%、60%呈现出种内多态;15对可在红鳍笛鲷中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,并且全部呈现出种内多态。四种笛鲷中,红鳍笛鲷的多态性最高,高度多态基因座占检测座位的66.67%;勒氏笛鲷的多态性最低,低度多态基因座占43.75%。获得3个种间特异性分子标记。用DS和DA两种方法计算4种笛鲷的遗传距离,构建了系统发生树。  相似文献   

9.
研究了黄鳍鲷细菌性溃疡病的病原。从患病濒死的黄鳍鲷体内分离到两株细菌,经人工感染试验确定为致病菌,通过测定其形态及生理生化特性得出:致病菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌,极生单鞭毛,发酵葡萄糖产酸不产气,氧化酶阳性、过氧化氢酶阴性,发酵乳糖,甘露醇发酵阳性,明胶酶阳性,在70g/LNaCl培养基中生长良好,对O/129不敏感;由于两株菌对山梨醇、水扬苷、七叶苷及麦芽糖等氧化发酵的结果不一致,分别被鉴定为嗜水气单胞菌不产气亚种(Aeromonashydropilaanaerogenes)和温和气单胞菌(A.sobria)变异亚种。药敏试验显示,两个菌株对氯霉素高度敏感而对氟哌酸中度敏感。两株菌对黄鳍鲷的半致死剂量(按每g鱼计算)分别为2.3×106个菌体和2.6×105个菌体。  相似文献   

10.
研究了不同幼鱼规格、标志部位和消毒处理对黄鳍鲷存活的影响,探讨了不同标志部位幼鱼的脱标情况。结果显示,不同规格、标志部位和消毒处理对黄鳍鲷幼鱼的存活无显著差异;但标志后进行1次消毒处理可使黄鳍鲷的存活稳定期提早一天出现。标志部位对黄鳍鲷幼鱼的存活有显著影响,以背鳍棘基部肌肉标志的存活率为最高,达87.0%;背鳍棘膜标志的存活率其次,为75.2%;而背鳍条基部肌肉标志的存活率最低,仅68.0%;死亡高峰均出现在标志后前3 d。幼鱼规格对脱标无影响,但标志部位对脱标影响显著。在肌肉做标志均未脱标,而在鳍棘膜做标志的全部脱标。表明黄鳍鲷幼鱼可在背鳍棘基部肌肉进行穿体标志,暂养4 d后进行放流。  相似文献   

11.
对南海产的鲻和尖头的骨骼系统作了比较观察 ,结果表明 :两种鱼脑颅都较宽且扁 ;其鼻骨、围眶骨、翼耳骨、上耳骨 ,咽颅中的前上颌骨、上颌骨、腭骨、中翼骨、后翼骨、尾舌骨、下咽骨 ,肩带骨中的主后颞骨、后颞骨、上匙骨、匙骨 ,以及腰带骨等特征区别明显 ,其中某些特征可作为属间或种间的鉴别依据  相似文献   

12.
MODUcrIONThestromaboidFishesofthefaInilyStrornateidaearewidelydistributedinChinesecoastalwatersandtheIndosoternPadfic.WiththededproduCtionofsomecom~alspedes,suchasyellowcroackerandhairtailfishes,moreandmoreattentionispaidtothesbornateOidfisheSwhoseoutputisabout3OOoo~4Ooo()t/ainChina.PampuspunCtabousboncketSchlegel,l845)andpampusargenteUsffiuphrasen,l788)aretwomportantspedesofthegenusPampus.DuetotheirmerphologicalsedaritAs,PpunctatiwtuswnregardedasasynonyInofPargenteUsbyrnanyworkers…  相似文献   

13.
14.
雷州半岛红树林海区的鱼类种类调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对雷州半岛8个红树林分布区设站位进行了生物多样性调查,其中获得鱼类127种,分别隶属于15目58科100属。以鲈形目最多,共27科49属65种,占51.2%。种类出现最多的科为(鱼叚)虎鱼科。采获种类最多的站位为北潭。各站位之间鱼类种类具有一定的差异性。调查获得的鱼类体型偏小,大部分种类具有食用价值,其中16种已为人工增养殖的对象。  相似文献   

15.
Sequence Comparison of Partial Cytochrome b Genes of Two Coilia species   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
1Introduction Japanese grenadier anchovy,Coilia ectenes Jordanet Seale(1905),is distributed in the northwest Pacif-ic.The congener,Osbeck's grenadier anchovy,Coil-ia mystus(Linnaeus,1758),is widely distributed inthe west Pacific.Both species inhabit coastal watersand estuaries and can reach up to rivers.The twospecies are important contributors to the coastal fish-eries of China(Zheng et al.,2003).Many studies on the fishery biology of the twospecies have been conducted(Zheng et al.,2003)…  相似文献   

16.
Distribution patterns of plant species are believed to be impacted by small-scale habitat heterogeneity. However, there have been few comparative studies examining how woody vegetation composition and diversity varies with aspects of different orientations in the Trans-Himalayan region at a local scale. Here, we examined the effects of incoming solar radiation on variation in woody species composition and compared the diversity between the northeast- and southwest-facing slopes in a Trans-Himalayan valley of Nepal. We also examined the implicit interactions between slope orientation and land use in determining the compositional variations between the slopes. We selected two pairs of northeast- and southwest-facing slopes where the first pair has a similar land use and differs in exposure only(Pisang site) while the other pair has clear differences in land use in addition to slope exposure(Braka site). In each site, we sampled 72 plots(36 on each slope) in which the presence and absence of woody species, environmental variables, and disturbance were recorded. Correspondence Analysis(CA) results suggested that the woody species composition significantly varied between northeast- and southwest-facing slopes at both sites, and was significantly correlated with measured environmental variables such as radiation index, altitude, and canopy openness. In the Braka site,mean alpha diversity was significantly higher on southwest-facing slopes. In contrast, beta diversity and gamma diversity were greater on northeast-facing slopes at both sites. Our results suggest that topographic variables(e.g., radiation index) affect species composition between the slopes, likely due to their influence on small scale abiotic environmental variables. However, the effects of land use, such as livestock browsing/grazing may interact with the effects of slope exposure, effectively reducing differences in species composition within slopes but enhancing the differences in beta diversity between contrasting slopes in the Br  相似文献   

17.
Five species of Asterometrids (Crinoidea) collected from China are recorded. One of them is described as a new genus and new species named Sinometra acuticirra, and three are recorded from China for the first time.  相似文献   

18.
Understanding the factors that drive variation in species distribution is a central theme of ecological research. Although several studies focused on alpine vegetation, few efforts have been made to identify the environmental factors that are responsible for the variations in species composition and richness of alpine shrublands using numericalmethods. In the present study, we investigated vegetation and associated environmental variables from 45 sample plots in the middle Qilian Mountains of the northwestern China to classify different community types and to elucidate the speciesenvironment relationships. We also estimated the relative contributions of topography and site conditions to spatial distribution patterns of the shrub communities using the variation partitioning. The results showed that four shrub community types were identified and striking differences in floristic composition were found among them. Species composition greatly depended on elevation, slope,shrub cover, soil p H and organic carbon. The important determinants of species richness were soil bulk density and slope. No significant differences in species richness were detected among the community types. Topography and site conditions had almost equal effects on compositional variation. Nonetheless,a large amount of the variation in species composition remained unexplained.  相似文献   

19.
互花米草是中国东部河口滩涂湿地主要入侵物种之一,其与本地物种芦苇竞争生长,形成了大范围的混合交错带。该交错带是研究湿地生态系统动态变化的重要信息,但因2种物种光谱的相似性及其在交错带的组成复杂性,使利用遥感技术提取交错带难度较大。因此,本文提出了一种将二者生长物候差异与其光谱特征相结合,考虑二者海陆位置分布差异,运用实测剖面观测数据确定光谱指标和阈值的综合提取方法。运用高分一号多光谱遥感数据,通过分析不同时相互花米草与芦苇冠层光谱差异,确定用来提取混合交错带的高分遥感影像,实现了研究区互花米草-芦苇混合交错带的提取。结果表明:不同时相宜选用不同的提取指标,本研究中在春季选择了近红外波段反射率,而秋季则选择了红波段反射率;2个时相的混合交错带范围存在明显差异,客观反映了互花米草与芦苇在不同季节的竞争状况。  相似文献   

20.
以北部湾和大亚湾两个地域的野生合浦珠母贝种群为研究对象,采用成贝的鳃组织,经空气干燥法制片进行染色体组型分析。结果表明两地种群的核型公式都为2N=28=16m+6sm+4st+2t,NF=50,但在染色体排序方面表现出较明显的群体差异。并与以往研究报道相比较,分析了不同的实验结果及可能产生差异的原因。  相似文献   

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