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1.
恒星的Al元素丰度可以为探索星团和星系的化学演化提供重要线索.通过系统分析银河系薄盘、厚盘、核球、银晕以及M4、M5等球状星团中恒星的[Al/Fe]随恒星金属丰度[Fe/H]的变化趋势,得出银河系薄盘、厚盘和核球恒星的[Al/Fe]随着[Fe/H]的增加而缓慢下降,而球状星团M4和M5恒星的[Al/Fe]随[Fe/H]增加没有下降趋势,这暗示Ia超新星对M4和M5恒星元素丰度的贡献比较小.详细研究了银河系恒星[Al/Fe]与[Mg/Fe]、[Na/Fe]的相关性,结果表明银河系场星的[Al/Fe]与[Mg/Fe]正相关,但在球状星团M4和M5恒星中未见此相关性;银河系盘星及M4和M5等球状星团恒星的[Al/Fe]与[Na/Fe]都存在正相关. 相似文献
2.
We present stellar parameters and abundances of 15 elements （Na, Mg, A1, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Y and Ba） for 23 field RR Lyrae variables based on high-resolution （R ~ 60 000） and high signal-to-noise （S/N~ 200） spectra obtained using the High Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru Telescope. Six stars in the sample have more than one spectrum observed at different pulsation phases. The derived abundance ratios of [X/Fe] for 14 elements （except for Ba） do not vary during the pulsation cycle. An interesting curve of [Ba/Fe] versus phase is detected for the first time and it shows decreasing [Ba/Fe] with increasing temperature at a given metallicity. Combining with data in the literature, abundances of most RR Lyrae stars as a function of [Fe/H] follow the same trends as those of dwarf stars, but [Sc/Fe] and [Y/Fe] ratios of RR Lyrae stars at solar metallicity are lower than those of dwarf stars. The kinematics of RR Lyrae stars indicate that three comparatively metal-rich RR Lyrae stars might originate from the thick disk and they show higher [a/Fe] ratios than RR Lyrae stars with thin disk kinematics. Among 23 RR Lyrae stars, two special objects are found with abnormal abundances; TV Lib has high [a/Fe], [Sc/Fe], [Y/Fe] and [Ba/Fe] ratios while TW Her has solar [a/Fe] but significantly lower [Sc/Fe], [Y/Fe] and [Ba/Fe] ratios as compared with other RR Lyrae stars. 相似文献
3.
1.按文[1]所述的原理和步骤证认了高红移类星体 OQ 172(PKS 1442 101)光谱中的吸收线红移系统。所得的四个系统分别具有红移值2.07010,2.56312,0.17546和0.17910。 2.用 Monte Carlo法对文[1]的随机证认概率模型作了验证,结果令人满意。 3.讨论了文[1]所述证认方法的优点以及有待进一步研究的问题。强调指出选择效应对通常所用方法的影响,文[1]的方法则避免了这类选择效应。 相似文献
4.
利用从斯隆数字巡天(Sloan Digital Sky Survey,简称SDSS)第4次释放的光谱数据中选取的10~5个发射线星系样本,研究了[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα流量比与星系尘埃消光、气体电离态和金属丰度的关系.发现尘埃消光改正对[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα谱线流量比影响显著,消光改正前、后的[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα谱线流量比的中值分别为0.48和0.89;尘埃消光改正后,F([O_Ⅱ]λ3727)-F(Hα)的弥散显著减小.贫金属星系的[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα谱线流量比随星系气体的电离度增高而减小,而富金属星系不存在这种关系.另外,[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα流量比与星系金属丰度相关.当12+lg(O/H)8.5时,星系[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα流量比随金属丰度增加而下降;12+lg(O/H)8.5的星系,谱线流量比与金属丰度正相关.最后,利用气体电离度参数和星系的金属丰度,给出了计算不同类型星系[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα流量比的公式.LAMOST望远镜将观测到大量红移z0.4的星系光谱,利用该公式可以给出星系的[O_Ⅱ]λ3727/Hα流量比,从而可以利用[O_Ⅱ]λ3727谱线流量计算z0.4星系的恒星形成率. 相似文献
5.
《天文学进展》2017,(2)
中红外高电离发射线[OⅣ](25.9μm)的产生机制尚不明确。利用简单的光致电离模型,Hao等人(2009)初步分析发现,当星暴星系模型给出的[NeⅢ]/[NeⅡ]值与观测相当时,其给出的[OⅣ]/[SⅢ]值却比观测值低约4个量级。[OⅣ]/[SⅢ],[SⅣ]/[SⅢ],[NeⅢ]/[NeⅡ]等中红外发射谱线比值及其变化趋势,以及其与ITERA package中提供的各类更新的光致电离模型的比较,是进一步探索星暴星系中[OⅣ]发射来源的一种有效途径。观测数据与电离模型计算结果的比较表明,Hao等人(2009)中提出的中红外发射线诊断图[OⅣ]/[SⅢ]对[SⅣ]/[SⅢ]中的分支结构能分别较好地与AGN与星暴星系光致电离模型相吻合。这些星暴星系模型所产生的[OⅣ]发射的强度与电离光谱中大于4 Ryd段的相对光子流量呈紧密正相关,单独考虑Wolfe-Rayet星的辐射对电离光谱的贡献足以解释星暴星系中的[OⅣ]发射线;而对于[OⅣ]/[SⅢ]对[NeⅢ]/[NeⅡ]诊断图,模型仍很难解释观测结果,特别是星暴星系分支:当由模型计算出的[OⅣ]/[SⅢ]值与观测相当时,其给出的[NeⅢ]/[NeⅡ]值相比于观测仍明显偏高。如果考虑上述发射线均来自具有单一密度与电离参数的发射区,那么[NeⅢ]/[NeⅡ]值与电离光谱21.6～41.0 eV段的斜率密切相关。 相似文献
6.
《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2016,(7)
The [α/Fe] ratios in stars are good tracers to probe the formation history of stellar populations and the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. The spectroscopic survey of LAMOST provides a good opportunity to determine [α/Fe] of millions of stars in the Galaxy. We present a method of measuring the [α/Fe]ratios from LAMOST spectra using the template-matching technique of the LSP3 pipeline. We use three test samples of stars selected from the ELODIE and MILES libraries, as well as the LEGUE survey to validate our method. Based on the test results, we conclude that our method is valid for measuring [α/Fe]from low-resolution spectra acquired by the LAMOST survey. Within the range of the stellar parameters Teff= [5000, 7500] K, log g = [1.0, 5.0] dex and [Fe/H]= [onsistent with values derived from high-resolution spectra,-1.5, +0.5] dex, our [α/Fe] measurements are c and the accuracy of our [α/Fe] measurements from LAMOST spectra is better than 0.1 dex with spectral signal-to-noise higher than 20. 相似文献
7.
8.
古代文献记载帝尧时的历法存在两种不同说法。羲和观测四仲中星定季节当是不实之辞,并以闰月成岁推论为使用农历也没依据。羲和观测太阳出没方位变化而"生十日"、即制订产生十月太阳历才符合事实。在文[1]中的推论,也与后一种说法可互相印证。本文对文[1]的推论作出了论据补充,与文[1]成姐妹篇。 相似文献
9.
赵刚 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1993,(4)
本文确定了贫金属矮星和亚巨星的重元素丰度.基于高分辨率高信噪比光谱得到27颗样本星的锶、钇、锆、钡、镧、铈和铕丰度.主要结果为:(1)第一峰区元素锶-钇-锆显示了奇偶效应,在晕族星中钇相对于锶和锆过贫。(2)对[Fe/H]>-2.5的恒星钇丰度为常数([Y/Fe]=-0.06).(3)对于[Fe/H]<-1.7的样本星,随金属丰度减小钡过贫增加·(4)镧和铈相对于铁过贫.(5)在金属丰度-1.0>[Fe/H]>- 2.0 区间,铕表现过富.(6)对[Y/Fe],[Zr/Fe]和[Ba/Fe]存在约0.1dex的本质弥散. 相似文献
10.
Günther Hasinger 《天文研究与技术》2003,(Z1)
1 IntroductionDeepX raysurveysindicatethatthecosmicX raybackground (XRB)islargelyduetoaccretionontosupermassiveblackholes,integratedovercosmictime .Inthesoft (0 .5-2keV)bandmorethan 90 %oftheXRBfluxhasbeenresolvedusing 1 .4MsecobservationswithROSAT[1 ]andrecently 1 -2MsecChandraobservations [2 ,3 ]and 1 0 0ksecobservationswithXMM Newton [4] .Intheharder (2 -1 0keV)bandasimilarfractionofthebackgroundhasbeenresolvedwiththeaboveChandraandXMM Newtonsurveys,reachingsourcedensitiesofabou… 相似文献
11.
Hector Javier Durand-Manterola 《Planetary and Space Science》2009,57(12):1405-1411
Context
The planets magnetic field has been explained based on the dynamo theory, which presents as many difficulties in mathematical terms as well as in predictions. It proves to be extremely difficult to calculate the dipolar magnetic moment of the extrasolar planets using the dynamo theory.Objective
The aim is to find an empirical relationship (justifying using first principles) between the planetary magnetic moment, the mass of the planet, its rotation period and the electrical conductivity of its most conductive layer. Then this is applied to Hot Jupiters.Method
Using all the magnetic planetary bodies of the solar system and tracing a graph of the dipolar magnetic moment versus body mass parameter, the rotation period and electrical conductivity of the internal conductive layer is obtained. An empirical, functional relation was constructed, which was adjusted to a power law curve in order to fit the data. Once this empirical relation has been defined, it is theoretically justified and applied to the calculation of the dipolar magnetic moment of the extra solar planets known as Hot Jupiters.Results
Almost all data calculated is interpolated, bestowing confidence in terms of their validity. The value for the dipolar magnetic moment, obtained for the exoplanet Osiris (HD209458b), helps understand the way in which the atmosphere of a planet with an intense magnetic field can be eroded by stellar wind. The relationship observed also helps understand why Venus and Mars do not present any magnetic field. 相似文献12.
Mehdi Benna Brian J. Anderson Scott A. Boardsen Robert E. Gold Rosemary M. Killen Stamatios M. Krimigis Ralph L. McNutt Jr. William E. McClintock James A. Slavin Thomas H. Zurbuchen 《Icarus》2010,209(1):3-10
The MESSENGER spacecraft flyby of Mercury on 14 January 2008 provided a new opportunity to study the intrinsic magnetic field of the innermost planet and its interaction with the solar wind. The model presented in this paper is based on the solution of the three-dimensional, bi-fluid equations for solar wind protons and electrons in the absence of mass loading. In this study we provide new estimates of Mercury’s intrinsic magnetic field and the solar wind conditions that prevailed at the time of the flyby. We show that the location of the boundary layers and the strength of the magnetic field along the spacecraft trajectory can be reproduced with a solar wind ram pressure Psw = 6.8 nPa and a planetary magnetic dipole having a magnitude of 210 RM3 − nT and an offset of 0.18 RM to the north of the equator, where RM is Mercury’s radius. Analysis of the plasma flow reveals the existence of a stable drift belt around the planet; such a belt can account for the locations of diamagnetic decreases observed by the MESSENGER Magnetometer. Moreover, we determine that the ion impact rate at the northern cusp was four times higher than at the southern cusp, a result that provides a possible explanation for the observed north-south asymmetry in exospheric sodium in the neutral tail. 相似文献
13.
In this work, some numerical solutions of magnetohydrodynamic equations are investigated in the presence of radial and azimuthal components of magnetic field with the use of previously developed algorithm. In this algorithm, the thin shell approximation and a special separation of variables is used to obtain the radial and latitudinal variations of physical parameters in spherical coordinates. The solutions are obtained via this separation of variables in the components of momentum transfer equation. The analysis yields three important parameters which are the sphericity, density and radial components shape parameters in the latitudinal distributions of physical variables. The magnetic field profile, used here, produces comparable magnetic fluxes found in previous works. There is a considerable change in density with respect to reference model. Other physical parameters also reveal important physical results. It is as well shown that the spherical symmetric distributions of physical parameters are broken for the region of study. 相似文献
14.
The Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS) onboard the Mars Express spacecraft has occasionally displayed surprising features. One such feature is the occurrence of a series of broadband, low-frequency echoes at equally spaced delay times after the sounder transmitter pulse. The interval between the echoes has been shown to be at the cyclotron period of electrons orbiting in the local magnetic field. The electrons are believed to be accelerated by the large voltages applied to the antenna by the sounder transmitter. Measurements of the period of these “electron cyclotron echoes” provide a simple technique for determining the magnitude of the magnetic field near the spacecraft. These measurements are particularly useful because Mars Express carries no magnetometer, so this is the only method available for measuring the magnetic field magnitude. Using this technique, results are presented showing the large scale structure of the draped field inside the magnetic pile-up boundary. The magnitude of the draped field is shown to vary from about 40 nT at a solar zenith angle of about 25°, to about 25 nT at a solar zenith angle of 90°. The results compare favorably with similar results from the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft. A fitting technique is developed to derive the vector direction and magnitude of the draped magnetic field in cases where the spacecraft passes through regions with significant variation in the crustal field. The magnetic field directions are consistent with current knowledge of the draping geometry of the magnetic field around Mars. 相似文献
15.
First observations of the full Stokes vector in the upper chromosphere are presented. The He I 10830 Å line, which has been shown to give reliable measurements of the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field vector, has been used for this purpose. It is shown that the difference between the appearance of chromospheric and photospheric magnetic structures observed close to the solar limb is largely due to the difference in height to which they refer and projection effects. The observations do suggest, however, that the magnetic field above sunspot penumbrae is somewhat more vertical in the chromosphere than in the photosphere.The National Optical Astronomy Obervatories are operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation 相似文献
16.
Mark S. Bentley Andrew J. Ball Ian P. Wright John C. Zarnecki 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(1):79-91
Space weathering is now commonly accepted to modify the optical and magnetic properties of airless body regoliths throughout the Solar System. Although the precise formation processes are not well understood, the presence of ubiquitous sub-microscopic metallic iron (SMFe) grains in lunar soils and corresponding spectral analyses have explained both the unique optical and magnetic properties of such soils. More recently, a variety of ion irradiation, laser melting and vaporisation and impact experiments have been shown to reproduce these effects in the laboratory. Such experiments are crucial to the study of the formation of SMFe under controlled conditions. To date, more emphasis has been placed on optical analyses of laboratory samples, as these address directly the mineralogical interpretation of remote sensing data. However, the magnetic analyses performed on the Apollo and Luna samples have provided useful qualitative and quantitative evaluation of regolith metallic iron content. These techniques are reviewed here, demonstrated on pulsed laser irradiated olivine powder, and their utility for determining the quantity and size distribution of this metallic iron discussed. Ferromagnetic resonance, multi-frequency magnetic susceptibility, vibrating sample magnetometry and thermomagnetic measurements were carried out. Each showed trends expected for the conversion of paramagnetic Fe2+ in olivine to fine-grained Fe0, with some grains in the superparamagnetic size range. Although evidence for superparamagnetic iron was found, the quantity of sub-microscopic metallic iron produced in these experiments proved insufficient to make conclusive measurements of either the quantity or size distribution of this iron. Improvements to both the experimental and analytical procedures are discussed to better enable such measurements in the future. 相似文献
17.
The presence of a magnetosphere around Mercury plays a fundamental role on the way the solar wind plasma interacts with the planet. Since the observations suggest that Mercury should occupy a large fraction of its magnetosphere and because of lack of an atmosphere, significant differences in solar wind-magnetosphere coupling are expected to exist with respect to the Earth case. On the basis of a modified Tsyganenko T96 model we describe the geometry of the magnetic field that could characterize Mercury, and its response to the variations of the impinging solar wind and of the interplanetary magnetic field. The investigation is focused on the shape and dimension of the open magnetic field regions (cusps) that allow the direct penetration of magnetosheath plasma through the exosphere of Mercury, down to its surface. The precipitating particle flux and energy are evaluated as a function of the open field line position, according to different solar wind conditions. A target of this study is the evaluation of the sputtered particles from the crust of the planet, and their contribution to the exospheric neutral particle populations. Such estimates are valuable in the frame of a neutral particle analyser to be proposed on board of the ESA/BepiColombo mission. 相似文献
18.
Daisuke Kobayashi 《Icarus》2010,210(1):37-42
The crustal magnetic anomalies on Mars may represent hot spot tracks resulting from lithospheric drift on ancient Mars. As evidence, an analysis of lineation patterns derived from the ΔBr magnetic map is presented. The ΔBr map, largely free of external magnetic field effects, allows excellent detail of the magnetic anomaly pattern, particularly in areas of Mars where the field is relatively weak. Using cluster analysis, we show that the elongated anomalies in the martian magnetic field form concentric small circles (parallels of latitude) about two distinct north pole locations. If these pole locations represent ancient spin axes, then tidal force on the early lithosphere by former satellites in retrograde orbits may have pulled the lithosphere in an east-west direction over hot mantle plumes. With an active martian core dynamo, this may have resulted in the observed magnetic anomaly pattern of concentric small circles. As further evidence, we observe that, of the 15 martian giant impact basins that were possibly formed while the core dynamo was active, seven lie along the equators of our two proposed paleopoles. We also find that four other re-magnetized giant impact basins lie along a great circle about the mean magnetic paleopole of Mars. These 11 impact basins, likely the result of fallen retrograde satellite fragments, indicate that Mars once had moons large enough to cause tidal drag on the early martian lithosphere. The results of this study suggest that the magnetic signatures of this tidal interaction have been preserved to the present day. 相似文献
19.
M. Faurobert-Scholl 《Solar physics》1996,164(1-2):79-90
The Hanle effect has been extensively used for the determination of the magnetic field strength and direction in solar prominences. Here we address the problem of the diagnostics of weak magnetic fields in the solar photosphere and chromosphere by means of their Hanle effect in some selected absorption lines. As this is a relatively new area we will focus on the diagnostic methods and summarize some results that relate to the presence of a weak, turbulent magnetic field in the photosphere and to the chromospheric magnetic canopy. Finally we will outline some directions for future work. 相似文献
20.
Magnetic Causes of the Eruption of a Quiescent Filament 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
B. Schmieder V. Bommier R. Kitai T. Matsumoto T. T. Ishii M. Hagino H. Li L. Golub 《Solar physics》2008,247(2):321-333
During the JOP178 campaign in August 2006, we observed the disappearance of our target, a large quiescent filament located at S25°, after an observation time of three days (24 August to 26 August). Multi-wavelength instruments were operating: THEMIS/MTR (“MulTi-Raies”) vector magnetograph, TRACE (“Transition Region and Coronal Explorer”) at 171 Å and 1600 Å and Hida Domeless Solar telescope. Counter-streaming flows (+/?10 km?s?1) in the filament were detected more than 24 hours before its eruption. A slow rise of the global structure started during this time period with a velocity estimated to be of the order of 1 km?s?1. During the hour before the eruption (26 August around 09:00 UT) the velocity reached 5 km?s?1. The filament eruption is suspected to be responsible for a slow CME observed by LASCO around 21:00 UT on 26 August. No brightening in Hα or in coronal lines, no new emerging polarities in the filament channel, even with the high polarimetry sensitivity of THEMIS, were detected. We measured a relatively large decrease of the photospheric magnetic field strength of the network (from 400 G to 100 G), whose downward magnetic tension provides stability to the underlying stressed filament magnetic fields. According to some MHD models based on turbulent photospheric diffusion, this gentle decrease of magnetic strength (the tension) could act as the destabilizing mechanism which first leads to the slow filament rise and its fast eruption. 相似文献