Description of the weathering states of building stones by fractal geometry and fuzzy inference system in the Olba ancient city (Southern Turkey)     

Kivanc Zorlu   《Engineering Geology》2008,101(3-4):124-133

  相似文献   

被断裂破坏的盖层封闭能力评价方法及其应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吕延防  万军  沙子萱  付晓飞  付广 《地质科学》2008,43(1):162-174

断层对盖层的破坏主要表现为两个方面:一是减小了盖层的连续封盖面积,二是减小了盖层的厚度。盖层被断层破坏的主要影响因素有断层的断距、倾角和盖层厚度。通过对影响因素研究,提出了盖层有效断接厚度的新概念和计算方法。根据我国部分与断层有关的大-中型气田气柱高度资料,发现了有效断接厚度与所能封闭的最大气柱高度的对数线性关系,并由此提出了评价被断层破坏的盖层封闭能力的新方法。通过对库车坳陷库姆格列木群膏泥岩盖层的应用研究,所得结论与勘探实践完全吻合,证明所提出的评价方法是可行的。  相似文献   

Reduction of hydroelastic responses of a very-long floating structure by a floating oscillating-water-column breakwater system     

D.C. Hong  S.Y. Hong  S.W. Hong 《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(5-6):610-634

The hydroelastic responses of a very-long floating structure (VLFS) placed behind a reverse T-shape freely floating breakwater with a built-in oscillating water column (OWC) chamber are analyzed in two dimensions. The Bernoulli–Euler beam equation is coupled with the equations of rigid and elastic motions of the breakwater and the VLFS. The interaction of waves between the floating rigid breakwater and the elastic VLFS is formulated in a consistent manner. It has been shown numerically that the structural deflections of the VLFS can be reduced significantly by a suitably designed reverse T-shape floating breakwater.  相似文献   

Numerical study of the motions and drift force of a floating OWC device     

D. C. Hong  S. Y. Hong  S. W. Hong 《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(2):139-164

The motion and the drift force of a floating OWC (oscillating water column) wave energy device in regular waves are studied taking account of the oscillating surface-pressure due to the pressure drop across the duct of the air chamber. The potential problem inside the chamber is formulated by making use of the Green integral equation associated with the Rankine-type Green function while the outer problem with the Kelvin-type Green function. The added mass, wave damping and excitation coefficients as well as the motion and drift force of the OWC device are calculated for various values of parameter related to the pressure drop.  相似文献   

Budgets of Mn,Cd and Cu in the macrotidal Gironde estuary (SW France)     

Stéphane Audry  Gérard BlancJörg Schäfer  Frédéric GuérinMatthieu Masson  Sébastien Robert 《Marine Chemistry》2007

The behavior and budget of Mn, Cd and Cu in the Gironde estuary were investigated through data from both the water column (WC) and sediment depth profiles. In the estuarine freshwater reaches, Mn and Cd removal from and Cu addition to the dissolved phase occurs with a magnitude equivalent to 10%, 30% and 25% of their respective annual fluvial gross dissolved input, respectively. In the saline estuary, diffusive benthic outflow is the main source of dissolved Mn (74% of the total gross dissolved input within the estuary) to the WC. In contrast, Cd (96%) and Cu (89%) are mainly released into the dissolved phase of the WC from fluvial, estuarine and dredging-related particles through complexation (Cd) and organic carbon mineralization (Cu). Anthropogenic activities (sediment dredging) induce pore water inputs, particulate sulfide oxidation and sediment resuspension, significantly contributing to the metal budget of the WC. The related amounts of metals released could be equivalent to 20–50% (Cd) and up to 70% (Cu) of their respective net dissolved addition. Mass balances suggest that a large part of the metals previously released into the dissolved phase from processes within the estuary are removed by suspended particles due to (co-)precipitation of Fe/Mn (oxy)hydroxides and scavenging on autochthonous organic matter. On an annual basis, the Gironde estuary acts as a net sink of dissolved Mn, removing 60% of the dissolved fluvial inputs, and as a net source of dissolved Cd and Cu, contributing ∼ 85% and 20–45% to the dissolved Cd and Cu fluxes to the ocean.  相似文献   

斜坡提砌石护面厚度的计算     

张怀慧  李玉成 《海洋工程》2002,20(2):14-18

介绍了斜坡式防波堤砌石护面中的插砌条石和干砌块石在波浪作用下的力学图式及作用机理 ,重点给出考虑摩擦力作用时的砌石块体稳定厚度的计算公式 ,并结合工程实例验证了公式的适用性  相似文献   

东太平洋下中新统氧同位素地层与古海洋学意义     

陈宗团  许东禹 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1993,13(1):85-94

研究取自于东太平洋CC48柱状样的钙质超微化石和底栖有孔虫的氧同位素成分变化的结果表明,该区下中新统至少可分出九个氧同位素地层(期),反映该区在早中新世期间至少经历了4次气温上升和5次下降的古气候变化。南极大陆冰川应是形成于早中新世而不是前人认为的中中新世。在早中新世,南极冰体体积有较大的变化。受古气候变化的影响,在早中新世期间东太平洋水柱热结构或温度梯度有比较大的变化,海平面出现多次上升与下降。  相似文献   

石鲽鱼人工育苗技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王立超  刘增华  王远洋  高永刚  连岩  张志新  倪高田 《海洋科学进展》2001,19(1):55-59

根据石鲽鱼的生物学特性 ,对亲鱼的选择培育、人工催产、挤卵、受精孵化和仔稚鱼的培育技术 ,进行试验探索。在室内人工控制水温、光照、饵料投喂的条件下 ,较为系统地研究了石鲽鱼的发育和变态及其与理化因子的关系 ,探索了人工育苗的关键技术 ,突破了过去单纯依赖采捕自然苗进行人工养殖的方式 ,为实现室内全人工育苗及养成产业化生产 ,解决苗种来源途径提供了技术保证  相似文献   

Topographic Effect of Izu Ridge on the Distribution of the North Pacific Intermediate Water South of Japan     

Yoshihiko Sekine  Shingo Watanabe  Fukuji Yamada 《Journal of Oceanography》2000,56(4):429-438

The topographic effect of the Izu Ridge on the horizontal distribution of the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) south of Japan has been studied using observational data obtained by the Seisui-Maru of Mie University (Mie Univ. data) and those compiled by Japan Oceanographic Data Center (JODC data). Both data sets show that water of salinity less than 34.1 psu on potential density () surface of 26.8 is confined to the eastern side of the Izu Ridge, while water of salinity less than 34.2 psu is confined to the southern area over the Izu Ridge at a depth greater than 2000 m and to the southeastern area in the Shikoku Basin. It is also shown by T-S analysis of Mie Univ. data over the Izu Ridge that water of salinity less than 34.2 psu dominates south of 30°N, where the depth of the Izu Ridge is deeper than 2000 m and NPIW can intrude westward over the Izu Ridge. JODC data reveal that relatively large standard deviations of the salinity on surface of 26.7, 26.8 and 26.9 are detected along the mean current path of the Kuroshio and the Kuroshio Extension. Almost all of the standard deviations are less than 0.05 psu in other area with the NPIW, which shows that the time variation in the salinity can be neglected. This observational evidence shows that the topographic effect of the Izu Ridge on the horizontal distribution of the NPIW, which is formed east of 145°E by the mixing of the Kuroshio water and the Oyashio water, is prominent north of 30°N with a depth shallower than 2000 m.  相似文献   

Environmental Redox Changes of the Ancient Sea in the Yangtze Area during the Ordo-Silurian Transition     

YAN Detian  CHEN Daizhao  WANG Qingchen  WANG Jianguo  CHU Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):679-689

Extensive organic-matter （OM） rich facies （black shales） occur in the Ordo-Silurian boundary successions in the Yangtze area, South China. To investigate the redox changes of the Yangtze Sea during the Ordo-Silurian transition, two OM sections （Wangjiawan in Yichang, Hubei Province, and Sanjiaguan in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province） straddling the Ordo-Silurian boundary are studied. The measurements finished in this study include contents of the total organic carbon （TOC）, pyrite sulphur, and different species of Fe, including dithionite-extractable Fe （FED）, pyrite Fe （FeP）, HCl-extractable Fe （FeH）, and total Fe （FeT）, in black shales, as well as other redox proxies, such as the SIC ratio, the ratio between highly reactive Fe （FeHR = FeD ＋ FeP） and FeT, and the FeP/（FeP ＋ FeH） ratio, known as the degree of pyritization （DOP）. In the Wangjiawan section, the Middle Ashgill sediments have high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.20-0.77; avg. 0.45）, high DOP values （0.21-0.72; avg. 0.54）, and a relatively constant sulfur content independent of the organic carbon content. By the contrast, the mid-early Hirnantian deposits generally have low FeHR/FeT ratios （0.10-0.35; avg. 0.21）, low DOP values （0.11- 0.40; avg. 0.28）, and SIC values are clustering on the normal marine value （SIC = 0.36）. The late Hirnantian and early Rhuddanian deposits, similar to those of the Middle Ashgill deposits, are characterized by high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.32-0.49; avg. 0.41）, high DOP values （0.46-0.68; avg. 0.53） and fairly constant sulfur contents. These data suggest the occurrences of marine anoxia on the Yangtze Sea shelf during intervals of the Mid Ashgill, Late Hirnantian and Early Rhuddanian, and ventilated and oxygenated marine conditions during the mid-early Hirnantian time. The mid-early Hirnantian ventilated event was concomitant with the global glacial period, likely resulted from the glacio-eustatic sea-level fall and subsequent circulation of cold, dense oxygenated waters  相似文献