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Comparative Assessment of Sludge Pre‐Treatment Techniques to Enhance Sludge Dewaterability and Biogas Production 
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下载免费PDF全文 Didem Okutman Tas Cigdem Yangin‐Gomec Tugba Olmez‐Hanci Osman A. Arikan Deniz I. Cifci Elif B. Gencsoy Alpaslan Ekdal Emine Ubay‐Cokgor 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(1)
Effectiveness of ultrasonication, microwave technologies, and enzyme addition prior to anaerobic digestion is investigated using sludge samples taken from the secondary settling tank of a domestic wastewater treatment plant to improve methane production, enhance dewaterability characteristics of the sludge, and to reduce excess sludge. Microwave pre‐treatment (1500 W, 10 min at 175 °C) results in better extra digester performance (compared to the control reactor) in terms of methane production (25 m3 ton?1 suspended solids (SS)) than ultrasound (no improvement) and enzyme pre‐treatment (11 m3 ton?1 SS). While methane production is not improved as a result of ultrasonication pre‐treatment (15 000 kJ kg?1 SS), a noticeable increase (19%) is observed in the case of microwave pre‐treatment. Higher compactibility values are obtained after ultrasonication and microwave application compared to the control (i.e., from 7.1 to 8.7 and 9.2%, respectively) before anaerobic digestion. Although ultrasonication and microwave application decrease the dewaterability of the raw sludge (capillary suction time (CST) from 827 to 1364 and 2290 s, respectively), similar dewaterability results are obtained at the end of the anaerobic digestion process for all pre‐treated sludge samples. An economic assessment of this study shows that pre‐treatment with microwave results in more than 10‐fold less net cost compared to the enzyme application. 相似文献
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(R)-1-苯乙醇是手性药物合成的关键手性砌块, 在多种手性化合物的合成及医药、香料的工业生产中具有重要的作用。对筛选自西太平洋深海沉积物的Bacillus sp. DL-2进行破碎, 获取的胞内蛋白酶能有效拆分(±)-乙酸苏合香酯, 制备高光学纯的(R)-1-苯乙醇。为使拆分效果最优化, 本试验对比了表面活性剂、溶菌酶和超声法3种不同的破碎细胞方式, 并对表面活性剂和溶菌酶破碎法进行了单因素条件优化。最优方法及优化的反应条件为: 使用体积分数0.5%的表面活性剂曲拉通X-100在35℃和pH7.0条件下破碎细胞2h。经过优化后, (R)-1-苯乙醇的对映体过量值为96%, 转化率为23%, 为利用胞内蛋白酶生产手性化学品提供了参考。 相似文献
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紫球藻细胞破碎方法研究 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
采用反复冻融法和超声波细胞破碎法分别对不同密度的紫球藻细胞进行了破碎研究，并通过细胞计数和藻红蛋白含量测定的手段对两种方法所得细胞破碎效率进行了比较。结果表明，随着冻融温度的降低，细胞的破碎率明显增大，而藻液密度对破碎率的影响较小。超声波法对细胞的破碎率明显高于冻融法，其中占空比和破碎时间两个因素对细胞的破碎率影响较大，在占空比为50％、输出功率为150W和时间20min的条件下，紫球藻细胞的破碎率可达到87.4％，并且随着细胞破碎效率的提高，藻红蛋白的提取量也明显增加。 相似文献
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微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)DNA被提取纯化并经超声波处理后,将所得大小在1.6~3 kb之间的DNA片段用T4 DNA聚合酶补平,再与SmaI酶切消化并经去磷酸化处理的质粒载体pUC18连接,转化至DH10B大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的感受态细胞中。建立的DNA质粒文库容量含2×104个克隆,其中重组子占90%。随机挑选白色菌落并培养,抽提的质粒经XbaI和SacI双酶切鉴定,显示重组的质粒中均含有大小不等的DNA插入片段。 相似文献
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