Tibetan immigrants in India     

Ahmad A 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1995,17(1-2):7-14

"This paper documents the current evidence of the state of the Tibetan society in India with special reference to the trends in social transformation, livelihood patterns and cultural adaptation to a geographically alien environment....Three-and-a-half decades of living in India [have] demonstrated how a culture group can survive by carving out ecological niches in ethnically segregated social space and yet adapt to a new cultural environment without losing its identity."  相似文献   

Thinking of England and taking care: family building strategies and infant mortality in England and Wales, 1891-1911     

Garrett E  Reid A 《International journal of population geography : IJPG》1995,1(1):69-102

"Debates concerning the origins and development of the late nineteenth- to early twentieth-century declines in marital fertility and infant mortality in England and Wales have been centred largely on the material provided by answers to the ?special' questions in the 1911 census. In their published form these figures have restricted researchers to an examination of large scale geographic and social class differences in the levels and rates of decline of the two phenomena. This paper outlines research conducted on a sample of individual census returns from the 1911 census. From this data it becomes clear that for Victorian and Edwardian England ?where one lived' was rather more important than ?who one was' in determining both family building strategies and the survival of those children born."  相似文献   

太阳米波Ⅰ型源与太阳质子事件的关系     

艾国祥 《天文学报》1980,(1)

对1970年1月——1973年6月太阳射电观测资料的统计表明,95%的太阳质于耀斑事件,在发生前一天左右,其上空已无米波 f 型源;而当活动区上空存在米波 I 型源时,尽管有特大微波爆发,仍不发生行星际质子事件.另外对典型活动区作的磁势场计算表明,米波 I 型源区的磁结构基本上是封闭的,而质子耀斑区上空,基本上是开放的.这种差别,可能是这两种太阳活动现象彼此排斥的原因.  相似文献   

盘状星系结构与自转统计     

胡佛兴 《天文学报》1980,(2)

通过对57个星系的光学和射电自转曲线等资料的分析,得出如下结论:(1)盘系沿哈勃序列从早型到晚型,其结构和自转等动力学量有系统的变化:星系核球与盘的质量比减小,自转速度达极大点r_m处速度V_m变慢、周期P_m增长,r_m相对于光学Holmberg半径r_H的位置外移,旋臂松卷,星系扁化。(2)星系诸动力学量在各形态型中的弥散与星系质量有关,较大质量星系的v_m和r_m较大,而k=V_m~2/r_m和β=r_H/r_m值较小。(3)潮汐作用也是影响星系动力学状态的重要因素,在同样形态型中潮汐星系有较大的k、β值和较小的r_m值。  相似文献   

磷块岩研究进展与磷块岩生物成矿说   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

东野脉兴 《沉积学报》1992,10(3):96-103

近十年来,我国磷块岩的研究以沉积学的发展为先导,取得了长足进展。十年迈出两大步:第一步是由化学沉积说向物理富集成矿说的转变;第二步是生物成矿说的发展。业已在我国南方晚震旦-早寒武世各主要工业矿床的磷块岩中发现了大量多种形态的原核生物的细菌到真核生物的真菌等磷质微生物以及藻类和小壳动物化石(后者产于早寒武世磷矿中),它们是构成磷块岩的主要组分。磷块岩实际是一种特殊的生物岩。本文论述了磷块岩的生物成矿作用、生物聚磷机理,并从磷块岩岩石的生物特点、化学成分的生物特点、红外吸收光谱以及稀土元素组成的生物特点等方面,论述了磷块岩的生物成因。同时阐述了磷质生物繁衍的环境条件与磷块岩形成环境之间的内在联系,以及磷质生物的最佳繁衍场所与磷块岩成矿古地理单元的一致性,这种“生物繁衍场”与成磷古地理单元可称之谓“陆缘坻”。  相似文献   

Results of TV imaging of Phobos (Experiment VSK-Fregat)     

Avanesov G  Zhukov B  Ziman YA  Kostenko V  Kuzmin A  Murav'ev V  Fedotov V  Bonev B  Mishev D  Petkov D  Krumov A  Simeonov S  Boycheva V  Uzunov YU  Weide GG  Halmann D  Pössel W  Head J  Murchie S  Schkuratov YuG  Berghänel R  Danz M  Mangoldt T  Pihan U  Smith B 《Planetary and Space Science》1991,39(1-2):281-295

From February to March 1989 the Phobos 2 spacecraft took 37 TV images of Phobos at a distance of 190-1100 km. These images complement Mariner-9 and Viking data by providing higher-resolution coverage of a large region West of the crater Stickney (40-160 degrees W) and by providing disk-resolved measurements of surface brightness at a greater range of wavelengths and additional phase angles. These images have supported updated mapping and characterization of large craters and grooves, and have provided additional observations of craters' and grooves' bright rims. Variations in surface visible/near-infrared color ratio of almost a factor of 2 have been recognized; these variations appear to be associated with the ejecta of specific large impact craters. Updated determinations of satellite mass and volume allow calculation of a more accurate value of bulk density, 1.90 +/- 0.1 g cm-3. This is significantly lower than the density of meteoritic analogs to Phobos' surface, suggesting a porous interior perhaps containing interstitial ice.  相似文献   

同位素地球化学、岩石地球化学——密坑山锡矿同位素年代学研究的启示     

邱检生  蒋少涌胡建 McInnes B I A 凌洪飞 《云南地质》2006,25(4):436-437

密坑山锡矿田位于江西省会昌县西南约40km处。该区为一晚中生代破火山，火山岩为上侏罗统鸡笼嶂组流纹质凝灰熔岩及火山碎屑岩，火山口周围环状及放射状断裂发育，火山口中心为浅成相的密坑山似斑状钾长花岗岩中央岩株侵入体所充填。上世纪80年代以来，在该岩体与流纹质凝灰熔岩的内外接触带相继发现了岩背、淘锡坝、苦竹岽、矿背、上湾等一批大、中型锡多金属矿床或矿点，表明这一岩体对成矿具有重要的制约作用。  相似文献   

Distribution and mode of occurrences of radionuclides in phosphogypsum from the Aqaba and Eshidiya fertilizer plants, Jordan     

Mohammad S. Al-Hwaiti Robert A. Zielinski James R. Budahn James F. Ranville Philippe E. Ross 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):178-178

Phosphogypsum is a waste by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that has relatively high concentrations of some U decay-series radionuclides such as ^226Ra and ^210Pb. The distribution and environmental mobility of radionuclides in phosphogypsum are an important concern because this gypsum by-product is used for wallboard, in agriculture and as a soil amendment. This study determined the distribution of ^226Ra, ^210Pb, within phosphogypsum stacks of varying age and among three size fractions （coarse： 〈0.212 mm; medium： 0.212-0.053 mm; fine： 〈0.053 mm）, in phosphogypsum derived from Aqaba and Eshidiya fertilizer plants. The results indicated that ^226Ra and ^210Pb were generally uniformly distributed in phosphogypsum stacks and showed no significant difference in the concentration of these elements with the age of stack. In the Aqaba phosphogypsum ^226Ra was slightly 10% enriched in the coarse fraction, while ^210Pb was 10% enriched in the free size fraction. In the Eshidiya phosphogypsum ^226Ra and ^210Pb contents were both relatively enriched （10%） in the fine size fraction.  相似文献   

DDT residue in soil and water in and around the abounded area of DDT manufacturing factory     

Mohammad Rasul Jan Mahmood A Khawaja Jasmin Sha Kashif Gul 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):182-182

Due to the persistent nature of DDT, a persistent organic pollutant and its adverse environmental and health impacts, the present study was undertaken to examine the residual DDT in and around DDT manufacturing factory in Amman Gharh, Nowshera, NWFP. The factory was established in 1963 and remained in operation till 1994. Composite samples of soil, sediments and water were collected in and around the factory area, nearby DDT stores, main factory drain leading to river and nearby villages. Standard procedures were used for the collection, transportation and storage of samples for analysis. Physical parameters for the collected water samples measured were temperature, pH and conductance. Extraction of each sample for DDT analyses was carried out in triplicates using soxhlet extraction apparatus. The extract was transferred to well washed, clean; dry glass vial, sealed and put in the refrigerator. Gas Chromatograph with electron capture detector and capillary column was used for analysis. DDT in the samples was identified on the basis of their retention time and quantified on the basis of peak areas. It is evident from the analytical data obtained in the present study that both water and soil in and around the factory area are still contaminated with DDT, despite the closure of the factory since the past few years.  相似文献   

1990～2003年洪湖水体环境质量演变分析   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

胡学玉  陈德林  艾天成 《湿地科学》2006,4(2):115-120

以详细的水质监测资料为基础,采用标准指数法并结合实地调查,分析了1990~2003年洪湖水质的变化状况。结果表明,14 a间,洪湖水质类别以Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类为主。水质恶化的驱动因子是氮、磷及其它有机污染物。1991年到1994年期间,水体中氨氮(NH4 -N)占溶解无机氮(D IN)的比例逐年增高;1995~2003年,以氨氮和硝酸盐(NO3--N)同时作为水体中溶解无机氮的主要存在形式,与1990~1994年的水质状况相比,亚硝酸盐(NO2--N)所占的比例呈增加之势。氨氮、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的年际变化表明,洪湖水体自净能力在逐渐降低。以总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和溶解无机氮(D IN)作为评价指标,洪湖水体已属中富营养型湖泊。洪湖水质演变与该区域人类活动(围湖造田、围网养殖等)以及江湖连通的变化对水环境的作用相耦合。  相似文献