青藏高原春夏季对流层温度异常特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴裴裴  周顺武  乔钰  贲海荣  闫梓宇  刘园园  李强 《气象科技》2016,44(4):612-621

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,在揭示青藏高原对流层中上层(500~200hPa)温度变化特征的基础上,通过比较与同纬度地区对流层中上层温度的差异,从温度纬向偏差角度定义了一个高原热力指数(TDI),并分析了该指数在春夏季的多时间尺度变化特征。结果表明:1由春到夏,亚洲对流层中上层的暖中心经历了从西太平洋西进到大陆,并逐渐发展控制整个东亚地区,之后东退的过程。春季扰动温度暖中心由我国华南地区逐渐西移至高原南部,中心强度逐渐增大,夏季扰动中心稳定在青藏高原南部;2TDI的年变化曲线呈现出明显的单峰型特征,表明高原的热力作用从4月开始明显增强,并在7月达到最大,9月后又迅速减弱;3各月TDI的最高值、最低值和平均值均表现出夏季大冬季小的特征,夏季TDI变幅明显小于其他季节;4TDI具有明显的年际变化,但春(夏)季该指数存在一定(明显)的月际差异,且无明显的线性变化趋势。  相似文献   

Examining rip current escape strategies in non-traditional beach morphologies     

Ben R. Van Leeuwen  R. Jak McCarroll  Robert W. Brander  Ian L. Turner  Hannah E. Power  Anthony J. Bradstreet 《Natural Hazards》2016,81(1):145-165

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Investigating mid‐Ediacaran glaciation and final Gondwana amalgamation using coupled sedimentology and 40Ar/ 39Ar detrital muscovite provenance from the Paraguay Belt,Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

Ben McGee  Alan S. Collins  Ricardo I. F. Trindade  Fred Jourdan 《Sedimentology》2015,62(1):130-154

Understanding the evolution of the northern Paraguay Belt, Brazil, is critical in two current controversies: (i) the number, timing and significance of Ediacaran glaciations; and (ii) the timing of amalgamation of South American Gondwana. The Neoproterozoic Alto Paraguay Group forms much of the northern Paraguay Belt. The Serra Azul Formation, within this Group, contains unequivocal evidence for a glacial influence on sedimentation, including multi‐directional striations on sandstone clasts and striated, polished and bullet‐shaped mudstone clasts. However, the age of the Serra Azul Formation is not well‐constrained. The northern Paraguay Belt also formed after the traditionally accepted time for amalgamation of South American Gondwana. If the orogen represents closure of an ocean, then this traditional view is incorrect. A significant number of single grain ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar detrital muscovite cooling ages (ca 120) from the Alto Paraguay Group are presented. The three youngest grains from the Serra Azul Formation yield a weighted mean age of 640 ± 15 Myr, providing a robust maximum depositional age for this formation. This age, when considered with other data, suggests that the Serra Azul Formation developed in a mid‐Ediacaran glaciation consistent with that expressed in the Gaskiers Formation of Newfoundland, Canada. Cryogenian ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar detrital muscovite ages from the Alto Paraguay Group are hard to reconcile with the known geology of Amazonia and are interpreted as being sourced from the evolving orogen to the east – from an arc terrane, possibly the Goiás–Paranapanema Massif. Detrital muscovites in the upper part of the Alto Paraguay Group are as young as 544 ± 7 Myr, consistent with mounting evidence that indicates a Cambrian age for orogenesis within the Paraguay Belt during the final amalgamation of Gondwana. This article suggests that the data best support a model where ocean closure in the region continued until Ediacaran/Cambrian times, with final ocean closure represented by orogenesis in the Paraguay–Araguaia orogen.  相似文献   

一次局地暴雨的地闪特征及其与强降水的关系     

苟阿宁  王晓玲  龙利民  刘希文  牛奔 《气象科技》2015,43(5):911-917

利用闪电定位仪每分钟实测资料、加密自动站逐分钟雨量和卫星云图云顶亮温TBB资料,对2013年4月29日西南涡东移过程中MCS产生的局地暴雨地闪特征进行了分析。结果表明：这次过程产生了大量地闪活动,且地闪主要出现在西南涡东侧500 hPa槽前辐合上升运动区、700 hPa暖切南侧850 hPa暖切北部的辐合带、TBB小于等于220 K区域南侧TBB水平梯度大值区的叠置区。整个过程负闪占主导地位,强降水发生在负闪密集区;MCS生命史不同阶段的正负闪频数、密集程度和分布位置是不同的。进一步分析发现单站地闪频数与TBB和强降水在时空变化上有一定的相关性,地闪频数和TBB表现为负相关,即TBB下降到最低值时,地闪频数则到达峰值;逐时地闪频数和雨强均呈单峰分布,负闪频数和强降水发展演变趋势一致,负闪峰值和最大雨峰时刻对应,正闪或和最大雨峰一致或略滞后,正负闪和雨峰的6 min演变趋势呈多峰分布,负闪初现12~18 min后出现降水,负闪突增较强降水有18~24 min的提前量。此个例显示MCS将朝向移动路径前侧的负闪密集区域移动,负闪密集区对局地强降水的落区和强度有较好的指示意义。  相似文献   

贵州狮溪铝土岩型锂资源的发现及意义     

邓旭升  余文超  杜远生  杜威  熊兴国  曾禹人  龙建喜  张晗彬  符宏斌  何犇  卢树藩  罗香建 《地质论评》2022,68(5):2022102001-2022102001

狮溪锂资源位于贵州省桐梓县狮溪向斜东翼,是首次在黔北务（川）、正（安）、道（真）地区之外的下二叠统大竹园组中发现锂元素的异常富集。狮溪锂富集层位于大竹园组中—上部,具有厚度和品位均较为稳定的特征,含锂岩石类型为致密状和碎屑状铝土岩,主要矿物为伊利石（水白云母）。综合矿物学、岩石学及地球化学特征分析认为,该区域Li的富集与风化淋滤作用密切相关,受古气候、古地貌、地下水位等多因素控制。通过统计黔北地区和狮溪地区含铝岩系数据发现,Li含量与Al2O3、Al/Si值呈规律性变化,Li富集程度与大竹园组的岩性相关,大致可分为Li一般富集区（含矿岩石为泥岩或铝土质泥岩、较高品位铝土矿）和Li高度富集区（含矿岩石为铝土岩和低品位铝土矿）。本文通过狮溪锂资源的发现及综合分析认为,在黔北务（川）、正（安）、道（真）地区外围的近岸平原环境,特别是地势低洼处的致密状和碎屑状铝土岩中,具有发现较高品位铝土岩型锂资源的巨大潜力。  相似文献   

Discrete wetland groundwater discharges revealed with a three-dimensional temperature model and botanical indicators (Boxford,UK)     

Andrew R. House  James P. R. Sorensen  Daren C. Gooddy  Andrew J. Newell  Ben Marchant  J. Owen Mountford  Peter Scarlett  Peter J. Williams  Gareth H. Old 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(4):775-787

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Adaptive heterogeneous multiscale methods for immiscible two-phase flow in porous media     

Patrick Henning  Mario Ohlberger  Ben Schweizer 《Computational Geosciences》2015,19(1):99-114

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Yumokjeong Landslide: an investigation of progressive failure of a hillslope using the finite element method   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ben Leshchinsky  Farshid Vahedifard  Ho-Bon Koo  Seung-Hyun Kim 《Landslides》2015,12(5):997-1005

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Modelling Pollutant Dispersion in a Street Network     

N.?Ben?Salem  V.?Garbero  P.?SalizzoniEmail author  G.?Lamaison  L.?Soulhac 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2015,154(1):157-170

This study constitutes a further step in the analysis of the performances of a street network model to simulate atmospheric pollutant dispersion in urban areas. The model, named SIRANE, is based on the decomposition of the urban atmosphere into two sub-domains: the urban boundary layer, whose dynamics is assumed to be well established, and the urban canopy, represented as a series of interconnected boxes. Parametric laws govern the mass exchanges between the boxes under the assumption that the pollutant dispersion within the canopy can be fully simulated by modelling three main bulk transfer phenomena: channelling along street axes, transfers at street intersections, and vertical exchange between street canyons and the overlying atmosphere. Here, we aim to evaluate the reliability of the parametrizations adopted to simulate these phenomena, by focusing on their possible dependence on the external wind direction. To this end, we test the model against concentration measurements within an idealized urban district whose geometrical layout closely matches the street network represented in SIRANE. The analysis is performed for an urban array with a fixed geometry and a varying wind incidence angle. The results show that the model provides generally good results with the reference parametrizations adopted in SIRANE and that its performances are quite robust for a wide range of the model parameters. This proves the reliability of the street network approach in simulating pollutant dispersion in densely built city districts. The results also show that the model performances may be improved by considering a dependence of the wind fluctuations at street intersections and of the vertical exchange velocity on the direction of the incident wind. This opens the way for further investigations to clarify the dependence of these parameters on wind direction and street aspect ratios.  相似文献   

Local perceptions in climate change debates: insights from case studies in the Alps and the Andes     

Christine Jurt  Maria Dulce Burga  Luis Vicuña  Christian Huggel  Ben Orlove 《Climatic change》2015,133(3):511-523

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