The phthalate diesters DEHP and DBP do not induce lauric acid hydroxylase activity in rainbow trout   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cravedi JP  Perdu-Durand E 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):787-791

Aquatic organisms are extensively exposed to phthalate esters. We have investigated in trout the effects of diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP) on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes which have been suggested as possible environmental biomarkers. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were waterborne exposed to DEHP (1 mg/l) or DBP (0.1 or 1 mg/l) for 72 h. Another group of rainbow trout received daily for 3 days an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of DEHP or DBP. Laurate hydroxylation, ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylation, UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity and glutathione-S-transferase activity were measured in liver and extrahepatic tissues. The phthalate esters have been found not to induce these enzymes; in particular, the results do not support the previously described induction of lauric acid hydroxylase in sea bass treated with DEHP [Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B122 (1999) 253.].  相似文献   

Continental rifting as a function of lithosphere mantle strength     

Frdric Gueydan  Christina Morency  Jean-Pierre Brun 《Tectonophysics》2008,460(1-4):83-93

The role of the uppermost mantle strength in the pattern of lithosphere rifting is investigated using a thermo-mechanical finite-element code. In the lithosphere, the mantle/crust strength ratio (S_M/S_C) that decreases with increasing Moho temperature T_M allows two strength regimes to be defined: mantle dominated (S_M > S_C) and crust dominated (S_M < S_C). The transition between the two regimes corresponds to the disappearance of a high strength uppermost mantle for T_M > 700 °C. 2D numerical simulations for different values of S_M/S_C show how the uppermost mantle strength controls the style of continental rifting. A high strength mantle leads to strain localisation at lithosphere scale, with two main patterns of narrow rifting: “coupled crust–mantle” at the lowest T_M values and “deep crustal décollement” for increasing T_M values, typical of some continental rifts and non-volcanic passive margins. The absence of a high strength mantle leads to distributed deformations and wide rifting in the upper crust. These numerical results are compared and discussed in relation with series of classical rift examples.  相似文献   

Novodneprite (AuPb3), anyuiite [Au(Pb,Sb)2] and gold micro- and nano-inclusions within plastically deformed mantle-derived olivine from the Lherz peridotite (Pyrenees,France): a HRTEM–AEM–EELS study     

Cristiano Ferraris  Jean-Pierre Lorand 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2015,42(2):143-150

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Formation of phyllosilicates in a fault zone affecting deeply buried arkosic sandstones: their influence on petrophysic properties (Annot sandstones, French external Alps)     

Henri Leclère  Martine Buatier  Delphine Charpentier  Jean-Pierre Sizun  Pierre Labaume  Thibault Cavailhes 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2012,105(2):299-312

The Restefond fault, located in the Late Eocene-Early Oligocene Alpine foreland basin, affects the well lithified and low porosity Grès d??Annot. The fault core zone is characterized by the occurrence of highly deformed sandstone lenses. Deformation inside the lenses corresponds to mm to sub-mm-spaced cleavage planes rich in phyllosilicates and up to cm-thick and dm-long quartz-calcite pure extensional veins. The cleavages are mostly composed of newly-formed synkinematic white mica and chlorite. By using thermodynamic thermometers based on the chemical composition of chlorite, a temperature of 200?±?20?°C of fault activity was computed. This temperature shows that the Restefond fault was active at burial conditions comprised between 6.5 and 8?km, assuming a mean geothermal gradient between 25 and 30?°Ckm^?1. The petrophysic properties of sandstones from the core zone and in the hanging and foot wall of the fault were determined on drilled plugs following three spacial directions. The permeability of the highly deformed sandstone from the core zone is about one order of magnitude higher than in the host rock. This increase in permeability occurs in the direction parallel to the S?CC structures and is explained by the occurrence of well-connected micropores localized between platy phyllosilicates. This study shows that the fault petrophysic properties are mostly controlled by the precipitation of synkinematic phyllosilicates under deep burial conditions.  相似文献   

Fresnel imager testbeds: setting up, evolution, and first images     

Jean-Pierre Rivet  Laurent Koechlin  Truswin Raksasataya  Paul Deba  Ren�� Gili 《Experimental Astronomy》2011,30(2-3):149-164

The Fresnel Diffractive Array Imager (FDAI) is a new optical concept proposed for large telescopes in space. To evaluate its performance on real sky objects, we have built a new testbed of FDAI, especially designed for on-sky operation. It is an evolution of the laboratory setup previously used to validate the concept on artificial sources. In order to observe celestial objects, this new two-module testbed was installed in July 2009 at Observatoire de la Côte d??Azur (Nice, France). The two modules of the testbed (the Fresnel array module and the receiver module), were secured at both ends of the 19 m long tube of an historical refractor, used as an optical bench on an equatorial mount. In this article, we focus on the evolution steps from a laboratory experiment to the first observation prototype, and on the targets chosen for performance assessment. We show the first on-sky results of a FDAI, although they do not reflect the nominal performances of the final testbed. These nominal performances have been attained only with the latest and most sophisticated prototype, and are presented in a separate article in this special issue.  相似文献   

Fresnel arrays and their astrophysical applications     

Laurent Koechlin  Jean-Pierre Rivet  Ana Ines Gomez de Castro 《Experimental Astronomy》2011,30(2-3):83-84

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月球形状及其重力场EI北大核心CSCD     

李斐  郑翀  叶茂  郝卫峰  邓青云  张文松  郑英君  鄢建国  Jean-Pierre Barriot 《测绘学报》2022,51(6):897-908

本文首先从测绘科学与技术在月球探测中的应用角度,对月球形状及重力场的研究进展、获取方法及代表性成果进行了综述;进而针对现有的月球DEM及重力场模型中存在的主要问题进行分析,并提出了解决方案;最后结合各国的探月计划和我国正在实施的“嫦娥”四期工程,对月球形状和重力场研究面临的机遇和挑战进行了展望。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of Fe–Ti oxides in amphibole-rich veins from the Lherz orogenic peridotite (Northeastern Pyrénées, France)     

Jean-Pierre Lorand  Michel Gregoire 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2010,160(1):99-113

Accessory, homogeneous ilmenite and rutile are important oxide phases in amphibole-rich high-pressure cumulate veins which crosscut the Lherz orogenic lherzolite massif. Those veins crystallized from alkaline melts at P = 1.2–1.5 GPa within the uppermost lithospheric mantle. Transitional basalts contaminated by peridotitic wall-rocks and then uncontaminated alkali basalts (basanites) reused the same vein conduits. Petrographic observations give evidence that Fe–Ti oxide saturation depends on the silica contents of each parental melt. The water-poor silica-rich transitional melts that generated websterites and plagioclase-rich clinopyroxenites reached early Ti-oxide saturation (1,200°C; 1.5 GPa). Rutile is as abundant as ilmenite. It is enriched with Nb–Zr–Hf by a factor of 10–100 relative to either amphibole or ilmenite. The amphibole pyroxenites and hornblendites crystallized from basanites reached late Fe–Ti oxide saturation after precipitation of amphibole, with ilmenite crystallizing along with phlogopite in the latter. The Lherz ilmenites are devoid of exsolution and contain very little trivalent iron. This compositional feature indicates more reducing crystallization conditions than usually inferred for alkali lavas and their megacrysts (FMQ ± 1). The veins incompletely equilibrated for redox conditions with their wall-rock peridotites which record more oxidizing conditions (FMQ ± 1). The veins also exchanged magnesium and chromium, as suggested by Cr-bearing, Mg-rich ilmenite (up to 44 mol% MgTiO₃₎ in veins less than 3–4 cm thick. Mg-rich ilmenite megacrysts occurring in alkali basalts could be actually xenocrysts from veins similar in thickness to those occurring at the Lherz massif, although crystallized from more oxidized magmas.  相似文献   

A new method to detect active features at the solar limb   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lefebvre  Sandrine  Rozelot  Jean-Pierre 《Solar physics》2004,219(1):25-37

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Denudation of the Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana transform continental margin from apatite fission tracks     

Florence Bigot-Cormier  Christophe Basile  Gérard Poupeau  Jean-Pierre Bouillin  Erika Labrin 《地学学报》2005,17(2):189-195

Apatite fission track analysis of samples from the shoulder (marginal ridge) of the Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana transform continental margin reveal a cooling of the margin between 85 and 65 Ma for the central and eastern parts of the ridge. All samples were heated in situ during sedimentary burial with a temperature >120 °C, except for two samples located in the eastern part which were heated between 105 and 120 °C. For the first time, age/depth diagram along a transform margin shows a shape involving erosion starting at the bottom of the continental slope, then stepping backwards towards the edge of the slope. This retrogressive erosion can result from the deepening of the lithospheric plate sliding along the transform margin, from thick continental crust to thin continental crust, and finally to oceanic crust. This process could be at the origin of the shoulder uplift by flexural response to the important crustal discharge (>2 km).  相似文献