全文获取类型
收费全文 | 416篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 10篇 |
大气科学 | 35篇 |
地球物理 | 89篇 |
地质学 | 147篇 |
海洋学 | 42篇 |
天文学 | 86篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 23篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 16篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 22篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 21篇 |
2006年 | 10篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 9篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有433条查询结果,搜索用时 415 毫秒
51.
The fractionation factors () for the reduction of CO2 to CH4 by pure cultures of methane-producing bacteria are, for Methanosarcina barkeri at 40°C, 1.045 ± 0.002; for Methanobacterium strain M.o.H. at 40°C, 1.061 ± 0.002; and, for Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum at 65°C, 1.025 ± 0.002. These observations suggest that the acetic acid used by acetate dissimilating bacteria, if they play an important role in natural methane production, must have an intramolecular isotopic fractionation () approximating the observed fractionation. 相似文献
52.
Larry D. Williams 《Quaternary Research》1978,10(2):141-149
It has been suggested that the Laurentide Ice Sheet originated with extensive perennial snow cover, and that the snow cover affected climate so as to aid ice-sheet development. In this study, a large increase in extent of October 1st snow cover in the Canadian Arctic from 1967–1970 to 1971–1975 is compared to changes in October means of other climate variables. Over the area of snow-cover expansion, mean surface air temperature decreased by up to 3°C, mean 500-mbar height was lowered by over 60 m, and precipitation was increased by up to a factor of two. These effects, if applied to the entire summer, together with the temperature change computed by Shaw and Donn for a Northern Hemisphere summer insolation minimum (the Milankovich effect), can account for glacierization of the Central Canadian Arctic. 相似文献
53.
Larry K. Stephenson 《Geoforum》1979,10(2):195-201
An attempt is made in this paper to complement existing analyses of voluntary groups by outlining some additional explicitly spatial dimensions which, it is argued, can be useful in examining those organizations with a land use or environmental focus. The distinction is drawn between groups which have direct spatial links and those with indirect spatial links; the hierarchical subdivision of space is considered; the role of scale and its relation to perception and desired use of areas is addressed; and the importance of considering the resolution scale of land use and environmental conflicts noted. 相似文献
54.
Camille Cordes Larry Atkinson Richard Lee Jack Blanton 《Marine pollution bulletin》1980,11(11):315-317
Following the Ixtoc I oil rig blowout in Campeche Bay we hypothesized that resulting tarballs should eventually appear in the Gulf Stream off Gerogia and that because of dynamic barriers in the innershelf little would reach nearshore areas. To test these hypotheses, surface tows to collect floating tar were taken off the coasts of Georgia and Florida in October and December, 1979.No tar was found within 40 km of the shore. All samples more than 40 km offshore contained some tar. The mean concentration was 0.82 mg m?2 with a range of 0.01–5.6 mg m?2. Closely spaced sampling showed extreme variation but trends were consistent. Perylene was the most abundant compound in the tarballs. 相似文献
55.
Seismicity and the subduction process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There is considerable variation between subduction zones in the largest characteristic earthquake within each zone. Assuming that coupling between downgoing and upper plates is directly related to characteristic earthquake size, we have tested for correlations between variation in coupling and other physical features of subduction zones: the lateral extent and penetration depth of Benioff zones, age of subducting lithosphere, convergence rate, and back-arc spreading. Using linear multivariate regression, coupling is correlated with two variables: convergence rate and lithosphere age. Secondary correlations within the data set are penetration depth versus lithosphere age, and lateral extent versus convergence rate. An important additional correlation is that back-arc spreading is found to be associated with subduction zones where coupling is low (those characterised by small earthquakes). Taken together, the observed correlations suggest a simple qualitative model where convergence rate and lithosphere age determine the horizontal and sinking rates, respectively, of slabs: these parameters influence the seismic coupling in the subduction zone. In the limit of a fast sinking rate and slow convergence rate, back-arc spreading occurs and thereby appears to be a passive process. 相似文献
56.
This study uses empirical agricultural impact models to compare the U.S. climate change predictions of 16 General Circulation Models (GCMs). The impact analysis provides a policy-relevant index by which to judge complex climate predictions. National aggregate impacts vary widely across the 16 GCMs because of varying regional and seasonal patterns of predicted climate change. Examining the predicted impacts from the full set of GCMs reveals that the seasonal detail in the GCM predictions is so noisy that it is not significantly different from a constant annual change. However, a consistent regional pattern does emerge across the set of models. Nonetheless, aggregating climate change across seasons and regions within the United States, using a national-annual climate change provides a reasonable and efficient approximation to the expected impact predicted by the 16 GCM models. 相似文献
57.
Jeffrey E. Moore Bryan P. Wallace Rebecca L. Lewison Ramúnas Žydelis Tara M. Cox Larry B. Crowder 《Marine Policy》2009
This paper reviews the available information (observer programs, estimates, statutes, regulations) for bycatch of marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds in fisheries of the United States. Goals of the review were to evaluate the state of knowledge of bycatch and the role of existing protective legislation in shaping bycatch management for different taxa. Pressing issues are identified, as well as knowledge gaps and policy limitations that hinder multi-species bycatch reduction. The USA has made important progress toward reducing bycatch in its fisheries, but the efficacy of its management has been limited somewhat by a focus on taxon- and fishery-specific regulation and the lack of consistent mandate across taxa for taking a cumulative perspective on bycatch. Applying consistent criteria across taxa for setting bycatch limits (e.g., extending the approach used for marine mammals to sea turtles and seabirds) would be the first step in a multi-species approach to bycatch reduction. A population-based multi-species multi-gear approach to bycatch would help identify priority areas where resources are needed most and can be used most effectively. 相似文献
58.
Sean P Healey Jock A Blackard Todd A Morgan Dan Loeffler Greg Jones Jon Songster Jason P Brandt Gretchen G Moisen Larry T DeBlander 《Carbon balance and management》2009,4(1):9
Background
Although significant amounts of carbon may be stored in harvested wood products, the extraction of that carbon from the forest generally entails combustion of fossil fuels. The transport of timber from the forest to primary milling facilities may in particular create emissions that reduce the net sequestration value of product carbon storage. However, attempts to quantify the effects of transport on the net effects of forest management typically use relatively sparse survey data to determine transportation emission factors. We developed an approach for systematically determining transport emissions using: 1) -remotely sensed maps to estimate the spatial distribution of harvests, and 2) - industry data to determine landscape-level harvest volumes as well as the location and processing totals of individual mills. These data support spatial network analysis that can produce estimates of fossil carbon released in timber transport. 相似文献59.
Characterization of insoluble organic matter in primitive meteorites by microRaman spectroscopy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Henner Busemann M. O'D. Alexander Larry R. Nittler 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2007,42(7-8):1387-1416
Abstract— We have analyzed the chemically and isotopically well‐characterized insoluble organic matter (IOM) extracted from 51 unequilibrated chondrites (8 CR, 9 CM, 1 CI, 3 ungrouped C, 9 CO, 9 CV, 10 ordinary, 1 CB and 1 E chondrites) using confocal imaging Raman spectroscopy. The average Raman properties of the IOM, as parameterized by the peak characteristics of the so‐called D and G bands, which originate from aromatic C rings, show systematic trends that are correlated with meteorite (sub‐) classification and IOM chemical compositions. Processes that affect the Raman and chemical properties of the IOM, such as thermal metamorphism experienced on the parent bodies, terrestrial weathering and amorphization due to irradiation in space, have been identified. We established separate sequences of metamorphism for ordinary, CO, oxidized, and reduced CV chondrites. Several spectra from the most primitive chondrites reveal the presence of organic matter that has been amorphized. This amorphization, usually the result of sputtering processes or UV or particle irradiation, could have occurred during the formation of the organic material in interstellar or protoplanetary ices or, less likely, on the surface of the parent bodies or during the transport of the meteorites to Earth. D band widths and peak metamorphic temperatures are strongly correlated, allowing for a straightforward estimation of these temperatures. 相似文献
60.