泰和盆地构造和演化初探     

王迪文  龙天 《江西地质科技》1997,24(4):165-169

我国大部分地区的小新生代盆地的成生、演化受断裂构造的控制,泰和盆地即是严格受断裂构造控制的走滑拉张型盆地。本文着重从盆地的基底构造、盆缘断裂构造及盆地同生、后期构造阐述了它们与盆地形成和演化的关系。  相似文献   

岩石水压致裂和诱发地震的实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

颜玉定  李亚林  张专  欧阳立胜  谢明富 《中国地震》2005,21(2):193-206

用7种岩石各制备了几类不同预裂纹的系列试件，并在不同围压下进行水压致裂强度实验。结合典型的水库诱发地震的实际资料和现今构造应力场的实验结果，以及应用岩石强度理论和岩石断裂力学的一些原理、方法，进行岩石孔隙水压诱发地震的探讨。初步结果为：(1)若岩体内构造应力很小，一定大小的孔隙水压力σp，可直接使岩体内的薄弱面致裂并发生小地震。(2)若构造应力较大，存在两类诱发地震的可能：①对岩体浅部一些走向与构造应力的主压应力σ1方向相近的薄弱面，σp可促使其发生张性破裂并诱发小地震。②当构造应力接近于断裂的抗剪强度时，因σp，降低了断裂面上的正应力σn，使原处于稳定状态的断裂失稳，发生滑移破裂并诱发出地震。σp导致断裂的破裂深度增大，使诱发地震的震级大于原潜在的地震震级。(3)各种岩体均存在着一个极限深度，此深度后不再有诱发地震。  相似文献   

重力场对飞行器制导的影响及海洋重力测线布设     

黄谟涛  刘敏  欧阳永忠  邓凯亮  翟国君  陆秀平  吴太旗 《测绘学报》2016,45(11):1261-1269

重点围绕远程飞行器飞行轨道控制保障需求,开展了空中扰动引力计算和地面重力异常测量精度指标及海洋重力测量测线布设方案的分析与论证。首先通过解析和简化飞行器导航误差解表达式,定量估计了地球重力场对远程飞行器飞行轨迹的影响,并以一定量值的落点偏差为限定指标,研究论证了空中扰动引力的计算精度要求。在此基础上,通过对地面重力异常截断误差及数据传播误差的估计和分析,研究确定了地面/海面网格平均重力异常的观测分辨率和计算精度指标。以此为依据,提出了相对应的海洋重力测量测线布设方案,并通过数值计算验证了所提方案的合理性和有效性。  相似文献   

Wetland economic valuation approaches and prospects in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bo Jiang  Christina P. Wong  Lijuan Cui  Zhiyun Ouyang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2016,26(2):143-154

Ecosystem services valuation seeks to increase the social relevance of ecosystem characteristics, the underlying biological mechanisms that support services, by making the contribution of ecosystems to human well-being explicit. Economic valuation can help management by clarifying the full range of benefits and costs of proposed management actions. In the past two decades, economic valuation of wetland ecosystem services has become one of the most significant scientific priorities for wetland protection. In this paper, we provide an overview of ecosystem services, and summarize the main interdisciplinary approaches to measure and value wetland ecosystem services. We identified four main methodological gaps preventing progress on wetland valuation of ecosystem services in China, which are: 1) confusion on terminology like intermediate and final ecosystem services, 2) lack of ecological production functions to link ecosystem characteristics to final ecosystem services, 3) static valuation making it difficult to evaluate the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, and 4) lack of clear guidance on relating ecological compensation programs to conservation targets. Overcoming these gaps is important to inform wetland compensation mechanisms and conservation policies. We propose future research on wetland ecosystem services in China should be focused on: 1) defining final ecosystem services based on beneficiary preferences and underlying biophysical mechanisms, 2) establishing wetland monitoring programs at specific sites to collect data on final ecosystem service indicators and ecosystem characteristic metrics to create ecological production functions for economic valuation and rescaling techniques, and 3) incorporating wetland ecosystem service values into decision-making processes to inform wetland management.  相似文献   

Helical probe tests in residual soils of the Appalachian Piedmont     

Shehab S. Agaiby  Zhongkun Ouyang  Paul W. Mayne 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2018,13(3):217-225

Helical probe tests (HPT) are a quick and economical means for manual field testing of soils to depths of 1.5 m with readings taken at 0.15-m intervals in only 10 min. The equipment is lightweight (only 2 kg) and thus amenable to deploy on initial site reconnaissance explorations, shallow pavement projects, earth retention walls, and/or compaction of fills. Although suitable for use in a variety of geomaterials: sands, silts, clays, and mixed soils, the specific application to residual fine sandy silts and silty fine sands of the Appalachian Piedmont and Blue Ridge geologic provinces is shown here. Existing relationships for converting the measured HPT torque reading to equivalent cone penetration testing (CPT) tip resistances are reviewed, as well as other trends.  相似文献   

Dynamic Response to Seismic Waves at the Shallow Slope Supported by Bolts     

Jun Wang  Jie Liu  Qiao Liang  Xiangsen Ouyang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(4):1991-2001

In the soil slope supported by bolts, longitude waves instead of transverse waves, generated by earthquakes, first reach the slope surface. With the dynamic response of the P (pressure) wave along the anchorage structure, first, a theoretical study was conducted to investigate the propagation characteristics of the interference superposition, generated by the SV (shear-vertical) and the P waves. The SV wave was formed by the wave, originating from the bottom and reflected from the free surface of the slope, whereas the latter was the incident P wave, propagating in the slope. In addition, the structural measures, restraining the seismic wave, and the characteristics of the restraint effect at the free segment of the bolt were investigated. According to the wave-way difference between the incident P wave and the reflected SV wave, the minimum critical slope angle, influenced by the interference at the shallow slope, and the maximum influencing depth of the dynamic response, acting vertically to the slope surface, were obtained. The results indicate that the maximum influencing depth linearly correlated with the slope angle. Furthermore, based on the propagation characteristics of the P wave along the bolt, and the coupled relation between the wave length and the anchorage design parameters, the axial acceleration of the wave propagating along the bolt axis was obtained. Then, the theoretical length of the anti-seismic bolt, subjected to seismic waves, and the compensation force of the anchorage structure were obtained. Finally, a numerical study, based on FlAC3D, properly verified the theoretical conclusions.  相似文献   

黔北地区奥陶纪—志留纪之交黑色页岩地球化学特征及意义——以贵州道真道页1井为例     

安亚运  杨忠琴  向坤鹏  黄艺  陈厚国  贺永忠  刘伟  余谦 《地质论评》2021,67(4):67041105-67041118

奥陶纪—志留纪之交是华南被动大陆边缘盆地向前陆盆地演化的重要转折时期,形成广泛分布的五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩。为进一步探讨该套黑色页岩的形成背景,以黔北地区道页1井为例,开展沉积序列和地球化学研究。研究结果表明:五峰组及龙马溪组底部主要为硅质碳质页岩,夹多层斑脱岩,U/Th为0.2～2.90,V/Cr为1.18～14.34,Ni/Co为2.31～11.59,TOC为0.68%～5.91%,平均3.76%,稀土配分曲线为平坦型,δEu以弱正异常为主、个别为弱负异常;龙马溪上部及新滩组主要由泥岩及钙质泥岩组成,U/Th为0.16～0.23,V/Cr为0.88～1.79,Ni/Co为1.77～3.91,TOC为0.1%～0.84%,δEu以明显负异常为主,表现出低斜率右倾型稀土配分曲线。以上特征表明五峰组及龙马溪组底部形成于间歇性缺氧的还原环境,龙马溪组上部及新滩组为富氧环境。结合斑脱岩的分布特征综合分析认为,五峰组及龙马溪组底部页岩是汇聚背景下前陆盆地早期沉积的产物,强烈火山作用给大陆边缘海带来营养元素,刺激初级生产力的增加,造成水体迅速缺氧,可能是造成同期海底缺氧的主要诱因。  相似文献   

Evolution and driving forces of rural functions in urban agglomeration: A case study of the Chang-Zhu-Tan region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tan  Xuelan  Ouyang  Qiaoling  An  Yue  Mi  Shengyuan  Jiang  Lingxiao  Zhou  Guohua 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(8):1381-1395

Journal of Geographical Sciences - As the Rural Revitalization Strategy is gradually implemented, China’s rural areas are set to have more diverse function requirements. This paper selects...  相似文献   

基于自动探测方法的南海北部涡致海表温度锋面的特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱春华  欧阳娟  俞建成  毛华斌  戚永锋  吴加学  苏丹仪 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):82-90

南海北部具有丰富的温度锋面和中尺度涡,它们调节着局地的热量和能量平衡。本文利用卫星海洋高度异常和海表温度数据,并基于自动探测方法,探究了2007年至2017年南海北部中尺度涡边缘的海表温度锋面（涡致锋面）特征。反气旋/气旋边缘出现锋面的概率可达20%。气旋涡在各个方向上出现锋面的概率比较均匀,反气旋涡的东北部和西南部出现锋面的概率大于西北部和东南部。中尺度涡致锋面的数量有明显的季节变化,而涡动能未表现出明显的季节变化。中尺度涡致锋区的总涡动能是中尺度涡内动能的3倍,并且反气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能明显强于气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能。中尺度涡致锋面的数量和涡动能的年际变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动指数没有明显的相关性。本研究也讨论了中尺度涡致锋面的可能机制,但是中尺度涡对海表温度锋的贡献需要进一步定量研究。  相似文献   

基于Stokes-Helmert边值理论的大地水准面计算模型改化及分析检验          下载免费PDF全文

黄谟涛  邓凯亮  陈欣  吴太旗  陆秀平  欧阳永忠  翟国君  刘敏  王许 《海洋测绘》2020,40(5):1-8

针对源自Stokes-Helmert边值理论的大地水准面计算模型适用性问题,首先详细解析了Stokes-Helmert方法的基本原理和计算模型,研究探讨了该方法与其他现有方法的关联性和差异性,分析比较了Stokes-Helmert计算模型和相同类型模型的技术特点,提出了Stokes-Helmert计算模型的实用改化方法,同时设计了4种分步改化模型的实验验证方案,使用超高阶位模型EGM2008作为数值模拟标准场,对分步改化模型的计算效果进行了数值精度检核,并开展了数据观测噪声影响评估检验,得出了一些有参考和实际应用价值的研究结论。在一定条件下,使用改化Stokes-Helmert方法计算(似)大地水准面可获得优于2cm的内符合度。  相似文献