最近十多年来冰冻圈加速萎缩——IPCC第六次评估报告之冰冻圈变化解读     

钟歆玥  康世昌  郭万钦  吴晓东  陈金雷 《冰川冻土》2021,44(3):946-953

政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）于2021年8月发布了第六次评估报告第一工作组报告《气候变化2021：自然科学基础》。该报告基于最新的观测和模拟研究,评估了冰冻圈变化的现状,并采用CMIP6模式对未来变化进行了预估。报告明确指出,近十多年来冰冻圈呈现加速萎缩状态：北极海冰面积显著减小、厚度减薄、冰量迅速减少;格陵兰冰盖、南极冰盖和全球山地冰川物质亏损加剧;多年冻土温度升高、活动层增厚,海底多年冻土范围减少;北半球积雪范围也在明显变小,但积雪量有较大空间差异。冰冻圈的快速萎缩加速海平面的上升。未来人类活动对冰冻圈萎缩的影响将愈加显著,从而导致北极海冰面积继续减少乃至消失,冰盖和冰川物质将持续亏损,多年冻土和积雪的范围继续缩减。报告也提出,目前冰冻圈研究仍存在观测资料稀缺、模型对各影响因素的敏感性参数和过程描述亟需提升、对吸光性杂质的变化机制认知不足等问题,从而影响了对冰冻圈变化预估的准确性,未来需要重点关注。  相似文献   

HCW-90型全液压自动猫道钻杆支架起升同步性分析          下载免费PDF全文

盛洁  王清岩  钟蔚岭  李铠君  金赠伍 《探矿工程》2021,48(S1):316-323

本文针对HCW-90型全液压自动猫道的钻杆支架起升过程进行研究,采用多体动力学与液压控制系统联合仿真方法,分析了钻杆支架起升液压缸动作的同步性对钻杆从支架末端运动至平台档销限位处的动态过程的影响。重点讨论了起升液压缸同步性对管体空间位姿、动力学参数、管体运动至终了处与档销碰撞过程。进一步分析了管体受到限位后趋于稳定的动态过程和定位精度。此外,综合考虑管体运移的快速性、平稳性和定位准确性,对起升液压缸的液压控制系统的输入信号进行了合理调整,并在满足工作性能的前提下,提出了采用分流阀构建低成本液压控制系统的方案。  相似文献   

广西大瑶山东南缘侏罗纪埃达克质花岗岩的特征、成因及构造意义     

许华  韩淑朋  钟锋运  黄启明  白晓  陈子龙 《岩石矿物学杂志》2021,40(6):1074-1092

对钦杭结合带西南段大瑶山东南缘的中晚侏罗世埃达克质花岗岩（165~153 Ma）进行了岩石学、地球化学研究,并探讨了埃达克质和TTG岩类的特征属性。岩石SiO₂含量63.76%~72.13%,总体具高Al₂O₃（Al₂O₃≥15%）、低MgO （<3%）,亏损重稀土元素（HREE）、正Eu异常或弱的负Eu异常,低Y （≤18×10^-6）和Yb （≤1.9×10^-6）,高Sr （>300×10^-6）和Sr/Y值（>20）等埃达克岩独特的地球化学特征。结合区域构造演化分析认为,该侏罗纪埃达克质花岗岩形成于陆内伸展构造背景,为大陆板内加厚（隆起区）的下地壳底部岩石部分熔融的产物,属大陆板内环境I型花岗岩。具有类似于低镁安山岩/闪长岩系列（LMA）和镁安山岩/闪长岩系列（MA）两种高压型TTG亚类的属性,为古俯冲增生带下地壳弧型岩石熔融的继承性特征,与中生代古太平洋俯冲板片熔融过程无关,属非俯冲成因的埃达克/TTG岩类。其空间上与大瑶山东南缘早古生代俯冲增生带高度重合,且与早古生代TTG侵入岩组合紧密相邻,提示它们可能源自于早古生代洋壳俯冲带或大陆边缘弧下地壳玄武质岩石的部分熔融,因而具有洋俯冲成因的特征属性。  相似文献   

新特提斯洋晚白垩世演化特点:来自泽当共国日二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素证据     

张志平  钟康惠  单树成  郑鑫  黄浩震  严钊 《现代地质》2021,35(5):1194-1205

为加深对西藏泽当地区新特提斯洋演化的认识,对西藏泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素及年代学等研究,研究显示:共国日二长花岗岩岩体规模小、岩性稳定,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(90.40±0.68)Ma,属晚白垩世;岩石地球化学具高硅、富铝、富钾、低钛和准铝质钙碱性花岗岩特征;轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素表现为相对富集Rb、K、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,显著亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 708~0.706 284,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.512 689~0.512 716,ε_Nd(t)=2.00~2.51。以上特征表明,位于泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,由正常岛弧岩浆形成,应为晚白垩世新特提斯洋向北俯冲形成的岛弧环境下俯冲带上部地壳部分熔融的产物,其不属于泽当蛇绿岩的组成部分,表明在90 Ma前泽当洋内弧已经消失。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

First Report of Osteoglossiform Fish Huashia from the Cretaceous of Eastern Liaoning,China     

WU Zijie  GAO Fuliang  QIU Longwei  WANG Haipeng  ZHONG Mishan  GAO Yongzhao 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1406-1408

正Objective The Mesozoic strata in eastern Liaoning and southern Jilin are relatively well developed. Liu et al.(1963) studied Lycoptera in North China, and they mentioned the fossils of south Jilin, but they were not included in the study due to the lack of specimens and poor preservation. Ma and Sun(1988) studied fish fossils from the Sankeyushu section in Tonghua, Jilin, and laid the foundation for the study of fish fossils in this area.  相似文献   

基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统     

胡小晴  高世臣  张欣  王维  仲鸿儒  周恒 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):296-304

连续消光是指在正交偏光显微镜下,岩石薄片随载物台旋转而发生消光强弱连续变化的现象。作为人工鉴定岩石薄片的重要依据,提取后的连续消光特征可以用于实现岩石薄片的自动分析。结合数字图像处理技术与聚类划分算法,开发出一套能够分割出孔隙、颗粒轮廓,实现颗粒类别划分,并对结果做定量分析的岩石薄片分析系统。从矿物的消光特征本质出发,连续消光特征提取精确与否是能否有效划分颗粒类别的关键环节。因此,针对系统在连续消光特征提取过程中的消光位对齐与消光基值去除操作分别设置了对照组。以鄂尔多斯盆地某区长6段砂岩薄片在正交偏光镜下的角度域序列图像进行实验,结果表明,所开发的基于岩石薄片分析系统能够提取到更为精确的连续消光特征,且该系统定量分析结果与专业人员鉴定结果基本一致。  相似文献   

生态地质研究进展与展望     

聂洪峰  肖春蕾  任伟祥  刘建宇  戴蒙 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):1-8

生态地质学是研究生态系统与地质环境之间关系的一门交叉学科,对国土空间生态保护修复工作有重要理论支撑作用。我国生态地质研究工作虽然经过了多年的发展与积淀,但时至今日生态地质学仍然处于研究和探索阶段。鉴于此,基于前人的大量研究,总结了国内外生态地质研究进展: 国际上,俄罗斯建立了生态地质学研究体系,美国发起的地球关键带研究是与生态地质研究十分契合的主题; 在国内,生态地质研究主要着眼于”生态-地质”相互作用过程与机理以及地质环境影响下的系统性生态修复研究。在此基础上,提出了生态地质学涵义及其研究内容、方法技术创新及学科体系构建思路,以期为服务山水林田湖草沙整体保护、系统修复、综合治理和生态地质系统深化研究提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Discovery and significance of Lizifang metamorphic core complex in Zhuanghe area of southern Liaoning     

ZHONG Mishan  ZHANG Guoren  WU Zijie  GAO Fuliang  MA Ningning  PAN Yuqi  GAO Yongzhao 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):43-50

On the basis of the previous regional geological survey, based on the macroscopic and microscopic structural survey, combined with the comprehensive analysis of the regional magmatic activity and dating data, the authors in this paper revealed that there is another metamorphic core complex structure in Lizifang area of Southern Liaoning, namely Lizifang metamorphic core complex. A typical three-layer structure and five parts exist in the core complex, which are the footwall composed of Neo-archean metamorphic plutonic rocks and mesozoic granite intrusive rocks, the detachment fault zone composed of different levels of tectonic rocks, and the upper plate composed of Precambrian sedimentary cap and Cretaceous extensional basin. Lizifang metamorphic core complex formed in the Early Cretaceous Epoch, and the upper plate moved from NWW to SEE relaive to the footwall, which was similar with Jinzhou metamorphic core complex and Wanfu metamorphic core complex in geometry, kinematics polarity and formation time, indicating the same dynamic background. The determination of the metamorphic core complex may provide a basis for the late Mesozoic lithospheric thinning process and the mechanical and rheological properties of the lithosphere in the east of North China Craton. At the same time, the metamorphic core complex is closely related to the mineralization of gold deposits. So the detachment fault zone of Lizifang metamorphic core complex can serve as the key work area for further gold exploration, which may possess large mineralization potential.  相似文献   

基于数值预报模式的乡镇温度预报方法研究     

吴春英  刘多文  钟博  蒋婷婷  于蕙箐  陈佳美  高燕 《气象与环境学报》2019,(1):108-112

利用2015年8月至2017年7月长兴岛站和交流岛站日最高气温、日最低气温实况资料,对ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报值和日本FSFE02(24 h地面形势场预报)、FSFE03(36 h地面形势场预报)进行了检验。结果表明:根据历史回归统计检验,ECMWF细网格模式24 h的2 m最高气温、最低气温预报效果显著,通过了0. 05信度显著性检验。对各月做相关分析,相关性均较好。利用前一日ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报值与长兴岛站实况差值,根据统计的ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报订正值,做出长兴岛站未来24 h的气温预报。交流岛站温度预报是在长兴岛站温度预报的基础上订正做出,经统计分析,交流岛站和长兴岛站的气温差值与地面形势场和风场有较好的对应关系,根据不同类型的地面形势场和风场订正值,做出交流岛站的温度预报。应用Matlab计算机语言的开发功能,提取ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报的最高、最低气温值,并录入当日长兴岛站和交流岛站最高、最低气温实况值,自动预报各站未来24 h最高气温、最低气温。创建可视化预报工作界面,实现乡镇温度预报自动化。  相似文献