A new species of the glass sponge genus Walteria (Hexactinell-ida: Lyssacinosida: Euplectellidae) from northwestern Pacific seamounts,providing a biogenic microhabitat in the deep sea     

Chengcheng Shen  Hong Cheng  Dongsheng Zhang  Bo Lu  Chunsheng Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):39-49

We report on a hexactinellid sponge new to science, Walteria demeterae sp. nov., which was collected from the northwestern Pacific seamounts at depths of 1271–1703 m. Its tubular and basiphytous body, extensive lateral processes, numerous oval lateral oscula which are irregularly situated in the body wall, the presence of microscleres with oxyoidal, discoidal and onychoidal outer ends, and the absence of anchorate discohexasters, indicate it belongs to the genus Walteria of family Euplectellidae, which is also supported by molecular phylogenetic evidence from 18S, 28S, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences. The unique morphotype, which is structured by a thin and rigid framework of body wall and lateral processes consisting of diactins, characterizes it as a new species. Local aggregations of individuals of this new species coupled with their associated macrofauna in the Suda Seamount are reported, highlighting its functional significance in providing biogenic microhabitats in the deep sea.  相似文献   

Alentiana palinpoda,a new commensal polynoid species from a seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Yueyun Wang  Hong Cheng  Chunsheng Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):12-19

Alentiana has only one member, A. aurantiaca (Verrill, 1885), commensal with sea anemone (Bolocera tuediae). Here, Alentiana palinpoda sp. nov., a second member in the genus Alentiana (subfamily Lepidastheniinae), a new commensal polynoid is described, based on a specimen collected from a deep-water seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The new species is characterized by large elytra that completely cover the dorsum and are present in every third segment in the posterior regions. Neuropodia are truncated, with two types of neurochaetae;supraacicular chaetae toothed on one side with a slightly inflated end, and subacicular chaetae that are heavy and smooth; the prechaetal lobe is larger than the postchaetal lobe, with the ventral part rolling upward and  相似文献   

Ophiuroid fauna of cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Wanying Chen  Jieying Na  Chengcheng Shen  Ruiyan Zhang  Bo Lu  Hong Cheng  Chunsheng Wang  Dongsheng Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):55-78

Seamounts are vulnerable ecosystems in the deep sea and can be heavily impacted by human activities, such as bottom fishing and deep-sea mining. The species composition and distribution patterns of benthic fauna is key information for the designation of marine protected areas and environmental management plans. Three contracts for cobalt-rich crust exploration have been granted to China, Japan and Korea in the Northwest Pacific Ocean by the International Seabed Authority. However, our knowledge of benthic biodiversity in this area is extremely insufficient. During 2013–2020, eight Chinese Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association (COMRA) cruises were conducted to investigate the benthic assemblages of nine seamounts in this region. In this study, 191 ophiuroids collected from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific were identified into 29 species in 11 families. Ophiacanthidae and Euryalidae were the two most dominant families with 12 and 6 species, respectively. Ophiotomidae and Ophiopyrgidae were represented by two species each, while seven families were represented by only one species. Four species were widely distributed among 4–5 seamounts, and 17 species were found only at a single site. An integrated regional taxonomic dataset of Ophiuroidea was generated and analyzed. A total of 23 and 14 species were obtained from the Magellan Seamount Chain (MSC) and the Marcus-Wake seamounts (MWS), respectively, with 8 species shared between the two seamount groups. The individual-based rarefaction curves did not reach an asymptote, suggesting that the sampling effort was inadequate for either the entire region or each single seamount. Most species distributed in a narrow depth range, and the species composition was different between water depths above and below 2000 m. Our results greatly improve the understanding of megafaunal biodiversity from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and highlight the necessity of further surveys to provide more robust information for environmental protection and management in this region.  相似文献   

褐飞虱迁飞的雷达观测与轨迹研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程极益 《遥感学报》1994,(1)

１９８８年９月下半月，在江苏省江浦县用雷达直接观测了褐飞虱的长距离迁飞过程。观测发现，晚上有大量的褐飞虱飞过雷达观测点。迁飞的褐飞虱绝大多数在傍晚到黄昏时分起飞，然后随气流上升到４００—１０００ｍ的高度。受大陆冷高压东侧东北气流的影响，多数情况下随风朝西南方向飞去。这在生态学上具有十分重要的意义，因为那里可能是褐飞虱的越各地。  相似文献   

热带海表温度及北大西洋涛动与ENSO事件的相关分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

程炳岩孙卫国  王记芳 《气象科技》2005,33(4):318-323

采用交叉小波变换方法分析了热带SST、NAO与ENSO事件之间的多时间尺度相关特征。结果表明,热带SST与ENSO事件在2～7年和30年以上尺度的周期振荡上存在着显著的同位相正相关,其中以4年尺度周期的方差贡献最大,时域中热带SST冷暖变化的时间与ENSO冷暖交替的时间一一对应;北大西洋SST与ENSO事件在4年和15年尺度周期振荡上表现为方差贡献较大的正相关;NAO与ENSO事件相关较弱,在2～7年和10～24年尺度上表现为负相关,而25年以上尺度为正相关,时域中NAO强弱变化与ENSO冷暖交替的对应关系并不完全一致。  相似文献   

东南丘陵山区深水水库两种浮床植物脱氮效率对比研究     

倪子怡  许海  詹旭  程新良  王裕成  朱广伟  朱梦圆  邹伟  孙起亮 《湖泊科学》2024,36(1):123-136

为探究东南丘陵山区深水水库中生态浮床技术深度脱氮的效率及管理措施,以大型山谷型深水水库千岛湖为例,选取湿生植物空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica)和水生植物粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum),采用生态浮床技术,开展了原位模拟实验对比研究,探究不同营养盐浓度和光强下两种植物的生长状况与氮素去除效率。结果发现:(1)空心菜长势受营养盐和光照条件影响明显,添加氮磷后(TN=2.37 mg/L,TP=0.046 mg/L)的空心菜生物量是原位水体(TN=0.66 mg/L,TP=0.028 mg/L)的1.6倍,适当遮光有助于浮床植物生长,40%遮光条件下空心菜的生物量是不遮光条件下的1.5倍;而粉绿狐尾藻生长受营养盐和光照条件影响均较小。(2)空心菜对于水体氮素净化能力显著高于粉绿狐尾藻,在最佳条件下空心菜和粉绿狐尾藻对氮素的去除效率分别达到213.30和44.23 mg/(m²·d)。(3)空心菜去除氮主要以植物同化作用为主,占70%以上TN去除量,40%遮光环境通过明显提升空心菜同化吸收氮量和根系反硝化速率增强了氮的去除能力;粉绿狐尾藻同化吸收和反硝化脱氮作用各占50%左右,以遮光75%下脱氮效果最好。本研究表明,采用生态浮床技术能够强化深水水库的脱氮能力,空心菜更适合在氮浓度较高的水体生长,夏季为空心菜和粉绿狐尾藻浮床分别进行40%和75%的遮光处理将有更好的水质净化效果。因此,在滨岸湿地匮乏的深水水库实施多种植物搭配的生态浮床技术强化水体脱氮作用是一种行之有效的水质改善方法。  相似文献   

GPS掩星技术低轨卫星计划的现状及进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张大海  郭鹏  张贵霞  严豪健  黄珹 《天文学进展》2002,20(2):114-121

主要介绍了几个国际上已经实施的GPS掩星计划（GPS／MET，Φrsted,Sunsat,SAC-C,CHAMP)和在研的（COSMIC，ACE）低轨卫星计划的现状及取得的进展。通过总结可知，下一代GPS掩星接收器应具有体积小、质量轻（几百克）、低功耗的特点；能提供实时的卫星物理状态参数；飞行器上的自主计算和控制；星上数据通信和命令解释；所有跟踪数据应符合厘米级精密定轨的要求；能提供掩星和海洋反射实验的测量。  相似文献   

黑龙江省三矿沟夕卡岩型铁铜矿床矿物学特征及成矿物理化学条件   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓轲  陈衍景  张成  许强伟  朱雪峰 《地学前缘》2018,25(5):167-182

黑龙江三矿沟铁铜矿床位于大兴安岭北段多宝山矿集区,矿体产于燕山期侵入岩与奥陶系多宝山组大理岩接触带的夕卡岩内。根据矿物共生组合及交代关系,确定热液成矿过程包括夕卡岩阶段、退夕卡岩阶段和石英硫化物阶段。铁矿化主要发生在退夕卡岩阶段,形成磁铁矿、镜铁矿等铁氧化物,呈浸染状、条带状、块状产于钙铁榴石夕卡岩中。铜矿化主要发生在石英硫化物阶段,形成黄铜矿、斑铜矿等硫化物,交代早期矿物。电子探针分析等研究表明,三矿沟铁铜矿床发育钙质夕卡岩矿物组合,其石榴子石主要为钙铝榴石和钙铁榴石,辉石为透辉石钙铁辉石系列,角闪石属于钙角闪石系列,绿泥石属于I型三八面体富铁绿泥石。石榴子石有3种类型：早期自形粗粒的钙铝榴石(Grt-Ia)和钙铁榴石(Grt-Ib),以及晚期呈脉状产出的钙铁榴石(Grt-Ⅱ)。夕卡岩阶段成矿流体具有高温、弱酸性、高氧逸度的特征;退夕卡岩阶段流体温度降低,pH升高,形成大量铁氧化物;石英硫化物阶段流体温度和氧逸度降低,金属硫化物沉淀。  相似文献   

嘉鱼断裂西向延伸与第四系活动特征     

林松  李媛  程邈  邓小虎  王薇 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1501-1511

嘉鱼断裂为已证实的隐伏断层。该断裂从洪湖老湾西南横切长江,沿近东西—北东东向延展,经嘉鱼县城东北马鞍山北缘向东延伸于斧头湖,长约40 km,该断裂东端已有明显出露,而断裂尾部并没有明显出露。由于区内小尺度物探资料的缺乏,使得该断裂的走向和活动性都缺少相关证据。本文利用浅层地震反射结合折射层析成像方法,采用2 m道间距接收人工地震波,利用多次覆盖技术和密集炮集折射记录,分别对数据进行反射处理和层析成像,获取了浅层地震反射剖面和高分辨率折射层析成像剖面,并参考相关区域地震安全性评价钻孔资料进行解译。综合研究结果表明：浅层地震反射和高分辨率折射联合应用可互补,尤其在外界干扰较为严重的区域,利用高分辨率折射层析成像可减少浅层地震反射对断层的误判。此外,研究结果证实了嘉鱼断裂的具体位置,其性质为北盘下降、南盘上升的正断层,且该断层错断了第四系沉积层。  相似文献   

三峡截流以来长江洪季潮区界变动河段冲刷地貌   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

石盛玉  程和琴  郑树伟  徐文晓  陆雪骏  姜月华  周权平 《海洋学报》2017,39(3):85-95

潮区界河段河势演变对三峡工程的响应是长江经济带建设中的重要问题。然而受观测手段所限,对三峡截流以来潮区界变动范围及其地貌演变的客观认识亟待探讨。对大通站洪季水位资料进行频谱分析,初步判断了近期长江洪季潮区界位置;对比1998年和2013年水下地形资料,分析了三峡大坝截流以来该河段河槽的冲淤演变特征;利用多波束测深系统对冲刷明显河段的微地貌进行了高分辨率观测。结果显示:（1）1998-2013年潮区界变动河段河槽整体冲刷5 649.7万m3。其中,上段全面冲刷,太白、太阳两洲并岸,铜陵沙被冲开,主槽刷深达5.6 m;中段主泓摆动,天然洲南冲北淤,黑沙洲中水道淤死,南水道左岸最大冲深达8.9 m;下段近岸冲刷强烈,北岸最大冲深达15.4 m;（2）该河段近期处于剧烈的冲刷环境,左岸冲刷尤为显著;（3）冲刷深槽分布在顺直河段,深达5.4~12.6 m;冲刷坑分布在分汊河段平面形态突变处,最大冲深达28.1~30.5 m;水下侵蚀陡坡分布在近岸侵蚀严重的顺直河段,坡度为0.59~0.62。  相似文献