The variety of landslide forms in Slovenia and its immediate NW surroundings   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Mateja Jemec Auflič  Jernej Jež  Tomislav Popit  Adrijan Košir  Matej Maček  Janko Logar  Ana Petkovšek  Matjaž Mikoš  Chiara Calligaris  Chiara Boccali  Luca Zini  Jürgen M. Reitner  Timotej Verbovšek 《Landslides》2017,14(4):1537-1546

The Post-Forum Study Tour following the 4th World Landslide Forum 2017 in Ljubljana (Slovenia) focuses on the variety of landslide forms in Slovenia and its immediate NW surroundings, and the best-known examples of devastating landslides induced by rainfall or earthquakes. They differ in complexity of the both surrounding area and of the particular geological, structural and geotechnical features. Many of the landslides of the Study Tour are characterized by huge volumes and high velocity at the time of activation or development in the debris flow. In addition, to the damage to buildings, the lives of hundreds of people are also endangered; human casualties occur. On the first day, we will observe complex Pleistocene to recent landslides related to the Mesozoic carbonates thrust over folded and tectonically fractured Tertiary siliciclastic flysch in the Vipava Valley (SW Slovenia), serving as the main passage between the Friulian lowland and central Slovenia, and thus also an important corridor connecting Northern Italy to Central Europe. A combination of unfavourable geological conditions and intense short or prolonged rainfall periods leads to the formation of different types of complex landslides, from large-scale deep-seated rotational and translational slides to shallow landslides, slumps and sediment gravity flows in the form of debris or mudflows. The second day of the study tour will be held in the So?a River Valley located in NW Slovenia close to the border with Italy, where the most catastrophic Sto?e landslide in Slovenia recently caused the deaths of seven people, and the nearby Strug landslide, which is a combination of rockfall, landslide and debris flow. The final day of the Post-Forum Study Tour will start in the Valcanale Valley located across the border between Slovenia and Italy, severely affected by a debris flow in August 2003. The flow caused the deaths of two people, damaged 260 buildings; large amounts of deposits blocked the A23 Highway, covering both lanes. In Carinthia (Austria), about 25 km west of Villach, the Dobra?/Dobratsch multiple scarps of prehistoric and historic rockslides will be observed. Dobratsch is a massive mountain ridge with a length of 17 km and a width of 6 km, characterized by steep rocky walls. The 3-day study tour will conclude with a presentation of the Poto?ka planina landslide, a slide whose lower part may eventually generate a debris flow and therefore represents a hazard for the inhabitants and for the infrastructure within or near the village of Koro?ka Bela.  相似文献   

The structural evolution of the southern Apuan Alps: new constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Northern Apennines (Italy)Évolution structurale des Apuanes méridionales : nouvelles contraintes sur l'évolution tectonique des Apennins septentrionaux (Italie)     

Rodolfo Carosi  Chiara Montomoli  Nicola Bertuccelli  Maurizio Profeti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(5):339-346

Structural analysis performed in the southern sector of the Apuan Alps Metamorphic Complex (AAMC) and on the overlaying Tuscan Nappe (TN) pointed out a structural evolution much more complex than that outlined till now. The comparison between the structural evolutions of the two tectonic units could provide new important constraints on the tectonic evolution of the whole belt. The two tectonic units recorded different tectonic evolution during the first stages of compression, while they shared the same deformation history later after the Tuscan Nappe overlapped the AAMC. The coupled tectonic units have been then deformed by two systems of folds, in a compressive tectonic regime. Extensional tectonics affected the units later, at upper crustal levels. To cite this article: R. Carosi et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 339–346.  相似文献   

Aspects of stratospheric long-term changes induced by ozone depletion     

Chiara Cagnazzo  Chantal Claud  Sylvia Hare 《Climate Dynamics》2006,27(1):101-111

The effect of the stratospheric ozone depletion on the thermal and dynamical structure of the middle atmosphere is assessed using two 5-member ensembles of transient GCM simulations; one including linear trends in ozone, the other not, for the 1980–1999 period. Simulated temperatures and observations are in good agreement in terms of mean values, autocorrelations and cross correlations. Annual-mean and seasonal temperature trends have been calculated using the same statistical analysis. Simulations show that ozone trends are responsible for reduced wave activity in the Arctic lower stratosphere in February and March, confirming both the role of dynamics in controlling March temperatures and a recently proposed mechanism whereby Arctic ozone depletion causes the reduction in wave activity entering the lower stratosphere. Changes in wave activity are consistent with an intensification of the polar vortex at the time of ozone depletion and with a weakened Brewer–Dobson circulation: A decrease of the dynamical warming/cooling associated with the descending/ascending branch of the wintertime mean residual circulation at high/low latitudes has been obtained through the analysis of temperature observations (1980–1999). Ozone is responsible of about one third of the decrease of this dynamical cooling at high latitudes. An increase in the residual mean circulation is seen in the observations for the 1965–1980 period.  相似文献   

UNESCO World Heritage sites in Italy affected by geological problems, specifically landslide and flood hazard   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Giorgio Lollino  Chiara Audisio 《Landslides》2006,3(4):311-321

A National Research Council, Research Institute for Hydrogeological Protection (IRPI) study on Italian monuments included in the UNESCO World Heritage List has revealed that many are affected by geological, geomorphological, and engineering geological problems. These monuments are static entities set in an environment that often manifests highly dynamic processes. As part of the efforts to protect sites of cultural and natural heritage, this study has applied a preliminary and empirical Geographical Information System-based method developed to characterize the environmental hazards at the sites where the monuments are located. Because the study of hydrogeological degradation falls within the province of IRPI, this hazard zoning focuses on river and mountain slope dynamics specifically concerning landslides and floods.  相似文献   

Kinematic and geochronological constraints on shear deformation in the Ferriere-Mollières shear zone (Argentera-Mercantour Massif,Western Alps): implications for the evolution of the Southern European Variscan Belt     

Simonetti  Matteo  Carosi  Rodolfo  Montomoli  Chiara  Langone  Antonio  D’Addario  Enrico  Mammoliti  Elisa 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,107(6):2163-2189

International Journal of Earth Sciences - In the Western Alps, a steeply dipping km-scale shear zone (the Ferriere-Mollières shear zone) cross-cuts Variscan migmatites in the...  相似文献   

Temporal trends in extreme rainfall intensity and erosivity in the Mediterranean region: a case study in southern Tuscany,Italy   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chiara Vallebona  Elisa Pellegrino  Paolo Frumento  Enrico Bonari 《Climatic change》2015,128(1-2):139-151

  相似文献   

Active hydrothermal fluids circulation triggering small-scale collapse events: the case of the 2001–2002 fissure in the Lakki Plain (Nisyros Island,Aegean Sea,Greece)     

Stefania Venturi  Franco Tassi  Orlando Vaselli  Georges E. Vougioukalakis  Heba Rashed  Christos Kanellopoulos  Chiara Caponi  Francesco Capecchiacci  Jacopo Cabassi  Andrea Ricci  Luciano Giannini 《Natural Hazards》2018,90(2):601-621

Rip currents are fast moving, offshore flows that have the ability to move even the strongest swimmers into deeper waters. Miami Beach, Florida is one of the most visited beaches in the USA and a sought after destination for citizens and international tourists alike. It is also known to be a rip current “hot spot.” These factors greatly increase the risk of drowning; however, no previous research has focused on beachgoer perception of rip-related risks in South Florida. Over a 12-month period, 203 public surveys were collected to determine the rip current knowledge of beachgoers at Miami Beach based on factors such as swimming ability and frequency of beach visits. The responses were analyzed by constructing a normalized component factor to determine the respondent’s comprehensive knowledge of rips, and multiple regression models were used to assess the net influences of sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics on the responses. A significant proportion of the survey respondents showed insufficient knowledge, indicating they are at risk of drowning in a rip current. Frequent beachgoer’s exposure to the beach environment, maturation, and nativity is identified as the main contributors to knowledge net of other sociodemographic compositions. The most at-risk groups were determined to be young adults, foreign tourists, poor swimmers, and those who infrequently visited the beach. Miami Beach needs to initiate a rip current safety campaign to target these at-risk beachgoers, where interventions beyond familial and educational institutions should be introduced.  相似文献   

Quantitative risk analysis for hyperconcentrated flows in Nocera Inferiore (southern Italy)     

Ferlisi  Settimio  De Chiara  Giovanna  Cascini  Leonardo 《Natural Hazards》2015,77(1):89-100

This paper reports on a quantitative estimation of the risk to residents at the toe of Mount Albino, a carbonatic relief covered by shallow deposits of pyroclastic soils, which threatens the municipality of Nocera Inferiore (southern Italy). The quantitative risk analysis (QRA) focuses on one type of mass transport phenomena typical for the context at hand, namely the hyperconcentrated flows. The methodological approach includes three main steps: hazard analysis, consequence analysis and risk estimation. Based on historical incident data, the hazard analysis makes use of a high-resolution digital terrain model and advanced models that incorporate relevant geological and geotechnical input data collected via in situ investigations and laboratory tests. The consequence analysis takes into account information on the exposed persons (age, gender) and their vulnerability. The estimated risk to life is calculated at the individual level (risk to the average and most exposed person). The reported procedure is one of the first QRA’s applications to instabilities which potentially affect natural slopes in Italy, and it was successfully used as technical basis for a public participatory process in Nocera Inferiore, designed and developed to support decisions about risk mitigation measures.

  相似文献   

Empirical evaluation of peak ground velocity and displacement as a function of elastic spectral ordinates for design          下载免费PDF全文

Roberto Paolucci  Chiara Smerzini 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(1):245-255

In the framework of the revision of Part 1 of Eurocode 8, this study aims at developing new empirical correlations to compute peak values of ground velocity (PGV) and displacement (PGD) as a function of elastic spectral ordinates for design. At variance with the expressions for PGV and PGD currently adopted in the Eurocode 8, based solely on the peak ground acceleration (PGA), in this paper reference is made to spectral ordinates of the short and intermediate period range, namely S_s, which is the constant acceleration spectral ordinate, and S₁, which is the spectral ordinate at 1 s. On the one hand, a relationship between PGV and the product (S_s?S₁) was found based on the regression analysis on a high‐quality strong‐motion dataset. On the other hand, the PGD was estimated by extrapolating to long periods the constant displacement branch of the elastic response spectrum, introducing a correlation between the corner period T_D and S₁. For this purpose, results of a long period probabilistic seismic hazard assessment study for Italy, encompassing low to high seismicity areas, were considered. Furthermore, verification of the proposed relationship against strong‐motion records was carried out, and differences justified in terms of the concept of uniform hazard spectrum.  相似文献   

Evaluation of out‐of‐plane seismic performance of column‐to‐column precast concrete cladding panels in one‐storey industrial buildings          下载免费PDF全文

Andrea Belleri  Fabrizio Cornali  Chiara Passoni  Alessandra Marini  Paolo Riva 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(2):397-417

Recent earthquakes in Italy (L'Aquila 2009 and Emilia 2012) highlighted the vulnerability of precast cladding panels, typically associated with a connection system not designed to account for displacement and rotation compatibility between the panels and the supporting structure. Experimental investigations were performed in the past to investigate the in‐plane performance of cladding panels and design recommendations have been made accordingly; however, in the case of out‐of‐plane seismic loads, the load demand is commonly evaluated in the design practice by means of formulations for nonstructural components. This paper summarizes the results obtained from parametric analyses conducted to estimate the out‐of‐plane load demand in column‐to‐column cladding panels typical of one‐storey commercial and industrial buildings. Empirical equations suitable for both new and existing panels are proposed and compared with the design equations given in Eurocode 8 and ASCE 7. The paper also considers the effects of the development of plastic hinges at the column base and of the roof flexibility on the load demand in panel‐to‐column connections. The roof flexibility may generate the torsion of the panels; consequently, an analytical procedure to account for such effects is proposed. Finally, general design recommendations are made.  相似文献