Ocean and atmospheric characteristics associated with the cyclogenesis and rapid intensification of NIO super cyclonic storms during 1981–2020     

Paul  Debashis  Panda  Jagabandhu  Routray  Ashish 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(1):261-282

Natural Hazards - Flooding events in the Lower Benue valley of Nigeria are often associated with huge damage to properties and loss of life in the adjoining communities. Specific objectives of this...  相似文献   

Earthquake hazard in Northeast India — A seismic microzonation approach with typical case studies from Sikkim Himalaya and Guwahati city     

Sankar Kumar Nath  Kiran Kumar Singh Thingbaijam  Abhishek Raj 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(2):809-831

A comprehensive analytical as well as numerical treatment of seismological, geological, geomorphological and geotechnical concepts has been implemented through microzonation projects in the northeast Indian provinces of Sikkim Himalaya and Guwahati city, representing cases of contrasting geological backgrounds — a hilly terrain and a predominantly alluvial basin respectively. The estimated maximum earthquakes in the underlying seismic source zones, demarcated in the broad northeast Indian region, implicates scenario earthquakes of M _W 8.3 and 8.7 to the respective study regions for deterministic seismic hazard assessments. The microzonation approach as undertaken in the present analyses involves multi-criteria seismic hazard evaluation through thematic integration of contributing factors. The geomorphological themes for Sikkim Himalaya include surface geology, soil cover, slope, rock outcrop and landslide integrated to achieve geological hazard distribution. Seismological themes, namely surface consistent peak ground acceleration and predominant frequency were, thereafter, overlaid on and added with the geological hazard distribution to obtain the seismic hazard microzonation map of the Sikkim Himalaya. On the other hand, the microzonation study of Guwahati city accounts for eight themes — geological and geomorphological, basement or bedrock, landuse, landslide, factor of safety for soil stability, shear wave velocity, predominant frequency, and surface consistent peak ground acceleration. The five broad qualitative hazard classifications — ‘low’, ‘moderate’, ‘high’, ‘moderate high’ and ‘very high’ could be applied in both the cases, albeit with different implications to peak ground acceleration variations. These developed hazard maps offer better representation of the local specific seismic hazard variation in the terrain.  相似文献   

Earthquake hazard zonation of Sikkim Himalaya using a GIS platform   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Indrajit Pal  Sankar Kumar Nath  Khemraj Shukla  Dilip Kumar Pal  Abhishek Raj  K. K. S. Thingbaijam  B. K. Bansal 《Natural Hazards》2008,45(3):333-377

An earthquake hazard zonation map of Sikkim Himalaya is prepared using eight thematic layers namely Geology (GE), Soil Site Class (SO), Slope (SL), Landslide (LS), Rock Outcrop (RO), Frequency–Wavenumber (F–K) simulated Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Predominant Frequency (PF), and Site Response (SR) at predominant frequencies using Geographic Information System (GIS). This necessitates a large scale seismicity analysis for seismic source zone classification and estimation of maximum earthquake magnitude or maximum credible earthquake to be used as a scenario earthquake for a deterministic or quasi-probabilistic seismic scenario generation. The International Seismological Center (ISC) and Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) catalogues have been used in the present analysis. Combining b-value, fractal correlation dimension (Dc) of the epicenters and the underlying tectonic framework, four seismic source zones are classified in the northeast Indian region. Maximum Earthquake of M _W 8.3 is estimated for the Eastern Himalayan Zone (EHZ) and is used to generate the seismic scenario of the region. The Geohazard map is obtained through the integration of the geological and geomorphological themes namely GE, SO, SL, LS, and RO following a pair-wise comparison in an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Detail analysis of SR at all the recording stations by receiver function technique is performed using 80 significant events recorded by the Sikkim Strong Motion Array (SSMA). The ground motion synthesis is performed using F–K integration and the corresponding PGA has been estimated using random vibration theory (RVT). Testing for earthquakes of magnitude greater than M _W 5, a few cases presented here, establishes the efficacy and robustness of the F–K simulation algorithm. The geohazard coverage is overlaid and sequentially integrated with PGA, PF, and SR vector layers, in order to evolve the ultimate earthquake hazard microzonation coverage of the territory. Earthquake Hazard Index (EHI) quantitatively classifies the terrain into six hazard levels, while five classes could be identified following the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) PGA nomenclature for the seismic zonation of India. EHI is found to vary between 0.15 to 0.83 quantitatively classifying the terrain into six hazard levels as “Low” corresponding to BIS Zone II, “Moderate” corresponding to BIS Zone III, “Moderately High” belonging to BIS Zone IV, “High” corresponding to BIS Zone V(A), “Very High” and “Severe” with new BIS zones to Zone V(B) and V(C) respectively.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variability of rainfall regime in the Brahmaputra valley of North East India     

R. L. Deka  C. Mahanta  K. K. Nath  M. K. Dutta 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,124(3-4):793-806

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Nickel dynamics influenced by municipal solid waste compost application in tea (Camellia sinensis L.): a cup that cheers     

T. Karak  R. K. Paul  I. Sonar  J. R. Nath  R. K. Boruah  A. K. Dutta 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(2):663-678

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Effect of carbon dioxide sequestration on the mechanical properties of Deccan basalt     

Debanjan Guha Roy  Vikram Vishal  Trilok Nath Singh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(9):771

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Velocity inversion in cross-hole seismic tomography bycounter-propagation neural network, genetic algorithmand evolutionary programming techniques     

Sankar Kumar Nath  Subrata Chakraborty  Sanjiv Kumar Singh  & Nilanjan Ganguly 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(1):108-124

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Environment and Deep-Sea Mining: A Perspective   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. Nagender Nath  R. Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):285-294

As the quest for deep-sea mineral resources is gaining momentum, environment and ocean mining have become important aspects of study. Because many of these deposits occur in international waters, the concern for environmental conservation in view of the effects of deep-sea mining is resulting in these effects being studied in different oceans, and efforts to develop regulations governing this exploitation are also underway at national and international levels. The impact assessment of deep-sea mining needs to encompass a variety of subjects, including environmental, socioeconomic, technological, and legal aspects. At the same time, effects of in situ environmental conditions on mining activities also need to be considered for effecient performance by the mining system. Differences in the degree of impact have been noticed during the mining simulation experiments by different investigating agencies. Therefore, interparameter comparisons, standardization of methods, and improvement in mining design are important considerations for proper utilization of resources, conservation of environment, and cost efficiency of the mining operations.  相似文献   

Recent seismicity in Northeast India and its adjoining region     

Kiran Kumar Singh Thingbaijam  Sankar Kumar Nath  Abhimanyu Yadav  Abhishek Raj  M. Yanger Walling  William Kumar Mohanty 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(1):107-123

Recent seismicity in the northeast India and its adjoining region exhibits different earthquake mechanisms – predominantly thrust faulting on the eastern boundary, normal faulting in the upper Himalaya, and strike slip in the remaining areas. A homogenized catalogue in moment magnitude, M _W, covering a period from 1906 to 2006 is derived from International Seismological Center (ISC) catalogue, and Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) database. Owing to significant and stable earthquake recordings as seen from 1964 onwards, the seismicity in the region is analyzed for the period with spatial distribution of magnitude of completeness m _t, b value, a value, and correlation fractal dimension D _C. The estimated value of m _t is found to vary between 4.0 and 4.8. The a value is seen to vary from 4.47 to 8.59 while b value ranges from 0.61 to 1.36. Thrust zones are seen to exhibit predominantly lower b value distribution while strike-slip and normal faulting regimes are associated with moderate to higher b value distribution. D _C is found to vary from 0.70 to 1.66. Although the correlation between spatial distribution of b value and D _C is seen predominantly negative, positive correlations can also be observed in some parts of this territory. A major observation is the strikingly negative correlation with low b value in the eastern boundary thrust region implying a possible case of extending asperity. Incidentally, application of box counting method on fault segments of the study region indicates comparatively higher fractal dimension, D, suggesting an inclination towards a planar geometrical coverage in the 2D spatial extent. Finally, four broad seismic source zones are demarcated based on the estimated spatial seismicity patterns in collaboration with the underlying active fault networks. The present work appraises the seismicity scenario in fulfillment of a basic groundwork for seismic hazard assessment in this earthquake province of the country.  相似文献   

Nonequilibrium carbon ionization states and the extragalactic far-UV background with HeII absorption     

Evgenii O. Vasiliev  Shiv K. Sethi  Biman B. Nath 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,335(1):211-215

Using nonequilibrium calculations of the ionic states and the recently calculated extragalactic ultraviolet background radiation with absorption by intergalactic HeII we determine the ratios of CIII to CIV expected at z∼2–3, as functions of metallicity, gas density and temperature. We constrain the spectrum of the extragalactic ultraviolet background radiation by fitting the observed abundance ratios carbon ions at these redshifts with those expected from different models of the background radiation. Our analysis of the observed ratios shows that ‘delayed reionization’ models, which assume a large fraction of HeII at z∼3, is not favored by data. Our results suggest that HeII reionization was inhomogeneous, consistent with the predictions from recent simulations.  相似文献