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61.
62.
The large-scale structure associated with the 2′N HNCO peak in Sgr B2 [Minh, Y.C., Haikala, L., Hjalmarson, Å., Irvine, W.M., 1998. ApJ 498, 261 (Paper I)] has been investigated. A ring-like morphology of the HNCO emission has been found; this structure may be colliding with the Principal Cloud of Sgr B2. This “HNCO Ring” appears to be centered at (l,b) = (0.7°,−0.07°), with a radius of 5 pc and a total mass of 1.0 × 105 to 1.6 × 106 M. The expansion velocity of the Ring is estimated to be 30–40 km s−1, which gives an expansion time scale of 1.5 × 105 year. The morphology suggests that collision between the Ring and the Principal Cloud may be triggering the massive star formation in the Sgr B2 cloud sequentially, with the latest star formation taking place at the 2′N position. The chemistry related to HNCO is not certain yet, but if it forms mainly via reaction with the evaporated OCN− from icy grain mantles, the observed enhancement of the HNCO abundance can be understood as resulting from shocks associated with the collision between the Principal Cloud and the expanding HNCO Ring. 相似文献
63.
Radiation exposure and Mission Strategies
for Interplanetary Manned Missions (REMSIM) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. Cougnet N. B. Crosby S. Eckersley C. Foullon V. Guarnieri S. Guatelli D. Heynderickx A. Holmes-Siedle C. Lobascio S. Masiello P. Nieminen G. Parisi P. Parodi M. A. Perino M. G. Pia R. Rampini P. Spillantini V. Tamburini E. Tracino 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2004,94(3-4):279-285
Cosmic radiation is an important problem for human interplanetary missions. The “Radiation Exposure and Mission Strategies for Interplanetary Manned Missions–REMSIM” study is summarised here. They are related to current strategies and countermeasures to ensure the protection of astronauts from radiation during interplanetary missions, with specific reference to: radiation environment and its variability; radiation effects on the crew; transfer trajectories and associated fluences; vehicle and surface habitat concepts; passive and active shielding concepts; space weather monitoring and warning systems. 相似文献
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65.
M Grande R BrowningN Waltham D ParkerS.K Dunkin B KentB Kellett C.H PerryB Swinyard A PerryJ Feraday C HoweG McBride K PhillipsJ Huovelin P MuhliP.J Hakala O VilhuJ Laukkanen N ThomasD Hughes H AlleyneM Grady R LundinS Barabash D BakerP.E Clark C.D MurrayJ Guest I CasanovaL.C d'Uston S MauriceB Foing D.J Heather V FernandesK Muinonen S.S RussellA Christou C OwenP Charles H KoskinenM Kato K SipilaS Nenonen M HolmstromN Bhandari R ElphicD Lawrence 《Planetary and Space Science》2003,51(6):427-433
The D-CIXS Compact X-ray Spectrometer will provide high quality spectroscopic mapping of the Moon, the primary science target of the ESA SMART-1 mission. D-CIXS consists of a high throughput spectrometer, which will perform spatially localised X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. It will also carry a solar monitor, to provide the direct calibration needed to produce a global map of absolute lunar elemental abundances, the first time this has been done. Thus it will achieve ground breaking science within a resource envelope far smaller than previously thought possible for this type of instrument, by exploiting two new technologies, swept charge devices and micro-structure collimators. The new technology does not require cold running, with its associated overheads to the spacecraft. At the same time it will demonstrate a radically novel approach to building a type of instrument essential for the BepiColombo mission and potential future planetary science targets. 相似文献
66.
Global changes of the solar activity can be expressed by the coronal index that is based upon the total irradiance of the coronal 530.3 nm green line from observations at five stations. Daily mean values of the coronal index of solar activity and other well-correlated solar indices are analyzed for the period 1966–1998 covering over three solar cycles. The significant correlation of this index with the sunspot number and the solar flare index have led to an analytical expression which can reproduce the coronal index of solar activity as a function of these parameters. This expression explains well the existence of the two maxima during the solar cycles taking into account the evolution of the magnetic field that can be expressed by some sinusoidal terms during solar maxima and minima. The accuracy between observed and calculated values of the coronal index on a daily basis reaches the value of 71%. It is concluded that the representative character of the coronal index is preserved even when using daily data and can therefore allow us to study long-term, intermediate and short-term variations for the Sun as a star, in association with different periodical solar–terrestrial phenomena useful for space weather studies. 相似文献
67.
Sarah Church Peter Ade James Bock Melanie Bowden John Carlstrom Ken Ganga Walter Gear James Hinderks Wayne Hu Brian Keating John Kovac Andrew Lange Eric Leitch Olivier Mallie Simon Melhuish Anthony Murphy Ben Rusholme Creidhe OSullivan Lucio Piccirillo Clem Pryke Andy Taylor Keith Thompson 《New Astronomy Reviews》2003,47(11-12):1083
QUEST on DASI is a ground-based, high-sensitivity, high-resolution (ℓmax2500) experiment designed to map CMB polarization at 100 and 150 GHz and to measure the power spectra from E-modes, B-modes from lensing of the CMB, and B-modes from primordial gravitational waves. The experiment comprises a 2.6 m Cassegrain optical system, equipped with an array of 62 polarization-sensitive bolometers (PSBs), located at the South Pole. The instrument is designed to minimize systematic effects; features include differencing of pairs of orthogonal PSBs within a single feed, a rotatable achromatic waveplate, and axisymmetric rotatable optics. In addition the South Pole location allows both repeatable and highly controlled observations. QUEST on DASI will commence operation in early 2005. 相似文献
68.
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70.
C.S. Botzler J. Snigula R. Bender N. Drory G. Feulner G.J. Hill U. Hopp C. Maraston C. Mendes de Oliveira 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,284(2):393-396
The Munich Near-IR Cluster Survey (MUNICS) is a wide-area, medium-deep, photometric survey selected in the K' band. The project's
main scientific aims are the identification of galaxy clusters up to redshifts of unity and the selection of a large sample
of field early-type galaxies up to z < 1.5 for evolutionary studies. We created a Large Scale Structure catalog, using a new structure finding technique specialized
for photometric datasets, that we developed on the basis of a friends-of-friends algorithm. We tested the plausibility of
the resulting galaxy group and cluster catalog with the help of Color-Magnitude Diagrams (CMD), as well as a likelihood- and
Voronoi-approach.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献