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991.
Many pieces of evidence have confirmed that the seepage in fine-grained soils can deviate from traditional Darcy's law that contributes to the consolidation theory. In this paper, a numerical model, referred to as consolidation with non-Darcian flow 2 (CNDF2), is developed for the 1D large strain consolidation of a saturated porous medium with the non-Darcian flow. The algorithm accounts for vertical strain, general constitutive relationships, the relative velocity of the fluid and solid phases, variable compressibility and permeability relation during consolidation, time-dependent loading, and unload/reload effects. Compared with the CS2 model proposed in previous studies, some parts of the CNDF2 model are modified in order to adapt to the non-Darcian flow, especially the equivalent series hydraulic conductivity and fluid flow. The verification examples of the CNDF2 model demonstrate excellent accuracy for both small strain and large strain consolidation. According to the applicable conditions of non-Darcian flow law, the CNDF2 model is most suitable for the fine-grained soil. The development of CNDF2 is first presented, followed by examples to analyze the influences of the non-Darcian flow on the consolidation behavior. 相似文献
992.
Huiming Tang Wenping Gong Liangqing Wang C. Hsein Juang James R. Martin Changdong Li 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(7):1516-1536
Though the technology of using stabilizing piles to prevent landsliding is not new, the design of such piles with a meaningful optimization framework has been rarely reported. In this paper, a multiobjective optimization-based framework for design of stabilizing piles is presented, in which both reinforcement effectiveness and cost efficiency could be explicitly considered. The design parameters considered in the proposed design framework are the pile parameters, including pile diameter, spacing, length, and position, and the design objectives considered are the reinforcement effectiveness and cost efficiency. The design of stabilizing piles is then implemented as a multiobjective optimization problem. In that the desire to maximize the reinforcement effectiveness and that to maximize the cost efficiency are two conflicting objectives, the output of this multiobjective optimization will be a Pareto front that depicts a trade-off between these two design objectives. With the obtained Pareto front, an informed decision regarding the design of stabilizing piles is reached. The effectiveness and significance of the proposed multiobjective optimization-based design framework for stabilizing piles are demonstrated through two illustrative examples: one is the design of stabilizing piles in a one-layer earth slope and the other the design of stabilizing piles in a two-layer earth slope. Further, parametric analyses are conducted to investigate the influences of the pile design parameters on the stability of reinforced slopes. 相似文献
993.
Metamorphic evolution of a newly identified Mesoproterozoic oceanic slice in the Yuka terrane and its implications for a multi‐cyclic orogenic history of the North Qaidam UHPM belt 下载免费PDF全文
Y. F. Ren D. L. Chen D. E. Kelsey X. K. Gong L. Liu X. H. Zhu S. J. Yang 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(4):463-488
The North Qaidam Orogenic Belt (NQOB), lying at the northern margin of the Tibet Plateau, records two orogenic cycles: A Proterozoic cycle related to the amalgamation and breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia, and an Early Palaeozoic cycle including oceanic subduction and continental deep subduction. At present, the only information about the Proterozoic cycle is the concurrent c. 1,000–900 Ma magmatic and metamorphic events, which limited the understanding of the Proterozoic evolution of NQOB and the relationship between the Qaidam Block and other Rodinia fragments. In this study, a kyanite‐bearing eclogite was identified in Yuka terrane. It has positive‐slope chondrite‐normalized rare earth element distribution patterns, similar to present‐day N‐MORB. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating obtained a protolith age of 1,273 Ma and an eclogite facies metamorphic age of 437 Ma, which is similar to the continental deep subduction age of the Yuka terrane. Zircon Lu–Hf analysis show that the magmatic zircon cores have high εHf(t) of 8.36–15.98 and TDM1 of 1,450–1,131 Ma (M = 1,303 ± 55 Ma, consistent with its protolith age within error), indicating a juvenile crust protolith of the eclogite. The MORB‐like whole‐rock composition and zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf analysis indicate that the protolith of the kyanite‐bearing eclogite was a Mesoproterozoic oceanic slice. P–T pseudosection analysis shows that the kyanite‐bearing eclogite experienced four metamorphic stages: (1) a prograde stage with the assemblage garnet+omphacite+talc+lawsonite+phengite+quartz at 22.4–23.2 kbar and 585°C; (2) a peak stage with the assemblage garnet+omphacite+lawsonite+phengite+coesite at 32.5 kbar and 670°C; (3) an early retrograde stage with the assemblage garnet+omphacite+kyanite+phengite+coesite/quartz±lawsonite at 27.1–30.0 kbar and 670–690°C; and (4) a late retrograde stage with the assemblage garnet+omphacite+epidote+hornblende+phengite+quartz at <18.0 kbar. The established clockwise P–T path is similar with other continental‐type eclogites in this area. On the basis of the geochemical and geochronological data, as well as the P–T path, we suggest that the protolith of the kyanite‐bearing eclogite was emplaced in the active margin of the Qaidam Block during the assembly of Rodinia and underwent continental deep subduction in the Early Palaeozoic. We conclude that (1) the Qaidam Block participated in the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent. It was situated at or proximal to the margin of the supercontinent and probably close to India, east Antarctica and Tarim; and (2) both Mesoproterozoic and Early Palaeozoic oceanic crust slices occur in the NQOB. Thus, special caution is needed when using the metamorphic ages of oceanic affinity eclogites without protolith ages to constrain the evolution history of the North Qaidam UHPM belt. 相似文献
994.
Relationships between persistent organic pollutants and carbonaceous materials in aquatic sediments of Taiwan 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Chin-Chang Hung Gwo-Ching Gong Hung-Yu Chen Jian-Ming Wu Fan-Hua Nan Peter H. Santschi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(7):1010-1017
Recent studies have shown that many persistent organic pollutants (POPs, e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and various pesticides), are strongly associated with carbonaceous materials (including organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC)). We hypothesize that carbonaceous materials can be used as a first-order pollution index, to indicate areas where POP pollution may require further investigation. We tested our hypothesis and found that strong, positive correlations between BC and OC contents versus the concentrations of PCBs (and PAHs) existed in estuarine sediments of the Danshui River in 2005 and 2008. Thus, our preliminary results demonstrate that POC and BC are potential indicators of the POP pollution potential in fluvial sediments of the Danshui River in Taiwan. This innovative approach can provide a simple, relatively inexpensive and expedient means to monitor concentrations of POPs in polluted aquatic sediments of Taiwan, and/or those having a legacy of POP inputs. 相似文献
995.
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??????????е??????????????????????????????????????????IGS????????TEC??????????????????????ò??????λ???30??40 ???50 ?????????з??????????????????????0.8 TECU???????????仯?????????£????????????????????????????γ???й?? 相似文献
996.
һ�ֽ����ع�ģ�͵��·��� 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
?????????С????????????????д???????????????????????????·????????????????????????????鷽????????????????С?????????????鷽??????????????????????μ???????????????????÷???????Ч??????α????????? 相似文献
997.
998.
We propose a combined migration velocity analysis and imaging method based on Kirchhoff integral migration and reverse time
migration, using the residual curvature analysis and layer stripping strategy to build the velocity model. This method improves
the image resolution of Kirchhoff integral migration and reduces the computations of the reverse time migration. It combines
the advantages of efficiency and accuracy of the two migration methods. Its application in tunnel seismic prediction shows
good results. Numerical experiments show that the imaging results of reverse time migration are better than the imaging results
of Kirchhoff integral migration in many aspects of tunnel prediction. Field data show that this method has efficient computations
and can establish a reasonable velocity model and a high quality imaging section. Combination with geological information
can make an accurate prediction of the front of the tunnel geological structure. 相似文献
999.
The Yanji area, located at the border of China, Russia, and Korea, where the Phanerozoic granitoids have been widely exposed, was considered part of the orogenic collage between the North China Block in the south and the Jiamusi–Khanka Massifs in the northeast. In this study, the cooling and inferred uplift and denudation history since the late Mesozoic are intensively studied by carrying out apatite and zircon fission-track analyses, together with electron microprobe analyses (EMPA) of chemical compositions of apatite from the granitoid samples in the Yanji area. The results show that: (i) zircon and apatite fission-track ages range 91.7–99.6 Ma and 76.5–85.4 Ma, respectively; (ii) all apatite fission-track length distributions are unimodal and yield mean lengths of 12–13.2 µm, and the apatites are attributed to chlorine-bearing fluorapatite as revealed by EMPA results; and (iii) the thermal history modeling results based on apatite fission-track grain ages and length distributions indicate that the time–temperature paths display similar patterns and the cooling has been accelerated for each sample since ca 15 Ma. Thus, we conclude that sequential cooling, involving two rapid (95–80 Ma and ca 15–0 Ma) and one slow (80–15 Ma) cooling, has taken place through the exhumation of the Yanji area since the late Cretaceous. The maximum exhumation is more than 5 km under a steady-state geothermal gradient of 35°C/km. Combined with the tectonic setting, this exhumation is possibly related to the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate since the late Cretaceous. 相似文献
1000.
赣南葛廷坑钼矿为产在花岗斑岩与围岩内外接触带的中型斑岩型钼矿床。通过对矿区含矿石英脉中7个辉钼矿样品进行Re Os同位素测定,获得等时线年龄及模式年龄的加权平均值分别为(1594±16)和(1588±13) Ma。等时线初始187Os为(0001±0055)ng/g,MSWD=17。葛廷坑钼矿形成于中侏罗世中晚期,其成矿年龄对应于华南中晚侏罗世第二成矿阶段(170~150 Ma),与区域内160 Ma左右的钨锡矿成矿作用基本一致。区域上华南钼的成矿时间具有连续性,在165~90 Ma均有发生。 相似文献