2022年1—3月全球火山活动简报     

孙立影  康建红  贾若  韩迪 《中国地震》2022,38(2):383-388

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黄河上游流域蒸散量及其影响因子研究   总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38  

李林  张国胜  汪青春  时兴合 《地球科学进展》2000,15(3):256-259

利用彭曼公式计算了80年代以来黄河上游流域蒸散量,分析了该地区蒸散量、日照时数、气温、空气饱和差等气候因子的变化趋势,着重研究了诸因子对蒸散量的影响。研究发现,黄河上游流域蒸散量呈逐年增大趋势,并以每年3.25 mm的速度递增;而作为主要影响因子的日照时数则以每年3.6小时的速度增加;气温同样表现出逐年升高的趋势,其气候倾向率为0.4℃/10 a;空气饱和差也以每年0.02 hPa的速度递增。因此,可以认为,黄河上游流域日照时数、气温及饱和差的增加,加剧了草地蒸散量的增大,而蒸散量的增大和降水量的减少则直接影响到了黄河上游流量的减少和草地荒漠化的蔓延。  相似文献   

Digital Analysis of the Water Layout Ecological Wisdom in Traditional Chinese Rural Settlements: A Case Study of Liukeng Village in Jiangxi Province     

LI Zhe  HUANG Si  WANG Han  LI Yan 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(3):371-381

During the long-term construction and development process of eliminating water disasters and promoting water conservancy in traditional settlements, a set of mature strategies that have simple ecological wisdom in water layout have been formed by adapting to the natural water environment and utilizing the regional water system. This study conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the water layout strategies and their effects on Liukeng Village from three aspects: deciphering the water systematic pattern, calculating the spatial characteristics and quantifying the water environment, to explore the technical assistance and potential of water layout research in traditional rural settlements. The results indicated that Liukeng has an unambiguously systematic water layout pattern of source diversion, middle drainage and end purification of the water. Through 3D point cloud computing, it was shown that the site selection made accurate use of micro-topography and adopted the strategy of a multi-source water management. It formed an organic water system pattern, which provided sufficient water sources for all kinds of needs of Liukeng Village.The Dragon Lake in Liukeng held 83.0% of the precipitation, and the vegetation area accounted for 34.7% of the total area of Liukeng, which had high surface permeability and good middle drainage effects. Water detection showed that the Dragon Lake provided good water quality and purification. The purposes of this study are to fill the gap in previous non-quantitative research on water layout in traditional rural settlements, excavate the hidden information and value of settlements, and deepen our understanding of the ecological wisdom of the overall planning, layout and construction of water conservancy in traditional rural settlements. This knowledge can assist the win-win situation of water conservancy cultural heritage protection and modern utilization. It also provides useful inspiration and reference for properly dealing with the problems of rain and flooding, realizing the sustainability of water resources, and protecting the ecological environment in the process of the development and construction of village settlements in China.  相似文献   

Characteristics and Significance of Rare Native Element Minerals and Intermetallic Compounds from the Garjoan Copper Deposit, Tibet     

XIAO Yuanfu  WANG Qiang  ZHAO Zhiqiang  GONG Tingting  ZHAO Han  XIAO Ruiqing  WANG Liangguo  ZHAO Yanan  LI Hongxiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):803-806

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Late Yanshanian Diagenetic and Metallogenic Events in the Hongshan area of Northwest Yunnan, China: Evidence from zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os dating     

MENG Jianyin  DENGJun  YANG Liqiang  YAN Han  GAO Xue  WANG Da 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):754-754

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青海治多公元1374年以来树轮记录的青藏高原地面加热场强度变化     

时兴合  秦宁生  刘洪滨  汪青春  冯蜀青  刘义花 《第四纪研究》2013,33(1)

根据青海省南部玉树藏族自治州治多县629a树木年轮年表序列,依据相关等方法,分析了该年表与树木生长时气温、降水、地面加热场强度的关系.结果表明:该年表对高原年地面加热场强度反映敏感,由其重建了该区域地面加热场强度的历史序列,并应用交叉检验方法对校准方程进行了检验,证明重建方程稳定,所重建的年地面加热场强度变化比较可靠,具有一定的区域代表性.通过对重建序列的进一步分析得出,重建序列在一定程度上反映了青藏高原年地面加热场强度年际的历史变化.1374年以来在年代际尺度上,持续时间较长的年地面加热场强度特强时段有4个,即1396～1416年、1684 ～1699年、1816 ～1826年和1875 ～1889年;持续时间较长的年地面加热场强度特弱时段有4个,即1374～1384年、1417～1436年、1802～1812年和1897 ～1909年.在629a中共出现22个极端强年和8个极端弱年,15世纪出现7个极端强年和5个极端弱年.15 ～ 17世纪是年地面加热场强度的多变时期,18～20世纪是年地面加热场强度的相对稳定时段.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地SG-1孔1.0Ma以来碳酸盐同位素记录的亚洲内陆干旱化及成因     

滕晓华  韩文霞  叶程程  张志高  彭文彬  方小敏 《第四纪研究》2013,33(5)

亚洲内陆干旱区是连接赤道和中高纬地区的过渡地带,也是西风气候和季风气候的相互作用区,其形成演化与青藏高原的隆起和全球变化等因素密切相关.因此,揭示其干旱化过程和趋势具有重大的理论和现实意义.文章对来自柴达木盆地察汗斯拉图干盐湖的深钻SG-1孔沉积物进行了初步的碳酸盐碳氧同位素测试与分析,结果清晰地指示了柴达木盆地自1.0Ma以来的持续干旱化及约0.6Ma以来的加速干旱化过程,我们认为1.0Ma以来的持续干旱化可能是全球气候变化和构造活动共同作用的结果,而约0.6Ma以来的加速干旱化可能是昆黄运动所导致的高原北部强烈隆升和区域环流系统变化或强化所造成的.  相似文献   

宁夏沙坡头沙漠扩张的时代:来自黄河阶地光释光年龄证据     

尹功明  王旭龙  韩非 《第四纪研究》2013,33(2)

由于新构造运动作用,宁夏沙坡头地区从早更新世以来发育了多达9级的黄河阶地.在高阶地上部发育非水相结构的黄色粉砂-砂沉积物.光释光测年结果最老为74ka,大部分年龄处于末次冰期的早期.这与黄河阶地的形成时代不一致,推断这些沙沉积物并不是与阶地同时形成的,而是末次冰期干冷环境下的风成物质.这些风成沙沉降到阶地面后,进入以砾石为主的黄河阶地堆积物而保存下来,可能指示了腾格里沙漠东南缘沙漠在末次冰期干冷气候背景下的扩张.本研究提供了在末次冰期气候干冷背景下腾格里沙漠扩张和风沙活动增强的直接证据.  相似文献   

Advances in the Research of Impact of Decadal Solar Cycle on Modern Climate     

Xiao Ziniu  Zhong Qi  Yin Zhiqiang  Zhou Limin  Song Yan  Han Yanben  Huang Cong  Pan Jing  Zhao Liang 《地球科学进展》2013,28(12):1335-1348

Role of solar activity on modern climate change, particularly in the decadal scale is an important scientific issue. This paper reviews the recent observation of decadal solar signal in earth’s climate, with focus on the mechanism of solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation and cosmic rays on climate system ,and its validation. The paper points out that the assessment of uncertainty in observations, amplification process of the climate system, as well as possible future impact of solar extreme events are challenges in the present study. Finally, the keys of breakthrough are pointed, to provide a reference for future research.  相似文献   

RegCM4.6两种积云参数化方案在东亚模拟结果的评估          下载免费PDF全文

刘鑫  亢燕铭  辛渝  陈勇航  周海江  秦汉  何清  王智敏 《干旱区地理》2023,46(1):23-35

新一代区域气候模式RegCM4.6引进了Mix积云参数化方案,可以将之前版本中的Emanuel和Grell方案结合在一起,以弥补单个参数化方案的不足。利用2016年MODIS(Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer)数据对RegCM4.6中Mix和Emanuel积云参数化方案模拟的东亚云量(Cloud fraction,CF)、冰水柱含量(Ice water path,IWP)和液水柱含量(Liquid water path,LWP)进行初步评估,计算了相关系数(r)、平均绝对误差(Mean absolute error,MAE)、平均偏差(Mean bias error,MBE)和均方根误差(Root mean square error,RMSE),以便为相关研究选取积云参数化方案提供参考依据。结果表明：(1)模拟的CF的MBE大致以胡焕庸线为界,西北部为轻微高估,东南部通常为低估。2种方案在夏季的模拟效果最好,冬季最差。Mix方案的MAE、MBE和RMSE的绝对值在四季普遍小于Emanuel方案。(2)模式明显低估了东亚的IWP,...  相似文献