Zonal propagation of kinetic energy and convection in the South China Sea and Indian monsoon regions in boreal summer   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

CHEN Longxun  GAO Hui  HE Jinhai  TAO Shiyan & JIN Zuhui .Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences  Beijing  China  .Nanjing Institute of Meteorology  Nanjing  China  .Institute of Atmospheric Physics  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(12):1076-1084

As early as in the 1980s, Chinese scientists hadfirst proposed that there exits two summer monsoonsystems in Asia, namely the East Asian summer mon-soon (EASM) and the Indian summer monsoon(ISM)[1-4]. The two monsoon systems are quite dif-ferent in characteristics. Since then, such issue andconclusion had been documented and approved by alot of studies in the past two decades, and was appliedin the guideline of the South China Sea summer mon-soon experiment (SCSMEX), which was undertak…  相似文献   

Environmental impact of drainage of Dianzi Iron Mine on the groundwater system of the Dawu Water Supply Base   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

He?KeqiangEmail author  Xu?Guangming 《Environmental Geology》2004,45(8):1131-1136

Due to growing water extraction for industry and agriculture, the Dawu Water Supply Base, in the east of Zibo, China, has been in a state of serious over-extraction. It will also be affected by the deep drainage of the Dianzi Iron Mine, which will be exploited in 2005. As to the environmental impact on the groundwater system of the Dawu Water Supply Base is concerned, this paper makes a systematic study about the influence of the mine draining on the water-supply environment of the Dawu Water Supply Base by using the numerical model of groundwater system. The result shows that the groundwater level will have an additional drawdown of 1.2–1.8 m/yr by the mine draining alone. The numerical analysis results indicate that the optimal model for determining the best extraction plan is the solution for the contradiction between water supply and water drainage.  相似文献   

甘肃省农村民居抗震设防现状与地震安全农居示范工程对策   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

张守洁  王兰民  吴建华  高晓明  贺建雄  汤爱华 《震灾防御技术》2006,1(4):345-352

本文根据甘肃省农村社会经济发展和地震环境特征,简要分析了甘肃农村民居主要建筑结构类型和抗震性能,结合近10多年来破坏性地震资料,总结了农村民居主要震害特点,提出了实施甘肃省农村民居地震安全工程的对策与措施。  相似文献   

GPS PPK技术在测量外业中的应用探讨     

李哲  高立  乔辉 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,(5):120-121

探讨了GPS PPK的工作原理、优越性及在工作中与RTK的联合使用,详细地介绍了PPK与RTK之间的优缺点及PPK的作业流程。  相似文献   

CLUE-S模型应用进展与改进研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

吴健生  冯喆  高阳  黄秀兰  刘洪萌  黄力 《地理科学进展》2012,31(1):3-10

土地利用变化是景观生态学重要的研究领域,通过模型模拟土地利用变化趋势是该领域的主要研究内容之一。CLUE-S模型可以全面考虑自然和人文因子,通过迭代方法综合空间分析和非空间分析,较好地模拟小尺度范围内土地利用变化情景,具有综合性、开放性、空间性、竞争效率性等特点,已经在国内外多个地区的土地利用变化研究中得到广泛应用,形...  相似文献   

基于²¹⁰Pb测年法的楚科奇海陆架北缘有机碳沉积通量研究          下载免费PDF全文

余雯何建华  李奕良苏健 《极地研究》2012,24(4):391-396

有机碳沉积作用在一定时间尺度上形成海洋碳汇作用的最终净效应,北冰洋陆架的有机碳沉积作用在全球碳循环中有着尤为重要的地位。为了测定楚科奇海陆架的有机碳沉积通量,本文应用210Pb测年法对中国第3次北极考察R17站位的沉积物样品的年龄及沉积速率进行了分析测定,并结合表层沉积物中有机碳的含量计算得到了楚科奇海陆架北缘的有机碳沉积通量。结果显示,该站位的沉积速率为0.6 mm/a,表观沉积质量通量为0.72 kg/m2/a,有机碳沉积通量为517 mmol C/m2/a。经估算,真光层输出的有机碳中约有29 %被长期封存在沉积物中,远高于中低纬度的正常值（~10 %）,说明楚科奇海陆架区具有高效的碳汇作用。  相似文献   

开垦对内蒙古温带草地土壤不同有机碳组分的影响(英文)   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

齐玉春  董云社  彭琴  肖胜生  何亚婷  刘欣超  孙良杰  贾军强  杨智杰 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(2):315-328

Cultivation is one of the most important human activities affecting the grassland ecosystem besides grazing, but its impacts on soil total organic carbon (C), especially on the liable organic C fractions have not been fully understood yet. In this paper, the role of cropping in soil organic C pool of different fractions was investigated in a meadow steppe region in Inner Mongolia of China, and the relationships between different C fractions were also discussed. The results indicated that the concentrations of different C fractions at steppe and cultivated land all decreased progressively with soil depth. After the conversion from steppe to spring wheat field for 36 years, total organic carbon (TOC) concentration at the 0 to 100 cm soil depth has decreased by 12.3% to 28.2%, and TOC of the surface soil horizon, especially those of 0-30 cm decreased more significantly (p<0.01). The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) at the depth of 0-40 cm were found to have decreased by 66.7% to 77.1% and 36.5% to 42.4%, respectively. In the S.baicalensis steppe, the ratios of soil DOC to TOC varied between 0.52% and 0.60%, and those in the spring wheat field were only in the range of 0.18%-0.20%. The microbial quotients (qMBs) in the spring wheat field, varying from 1.11% to 1.40%, were also lower than those in the S. baicalensis steppe, which were in the range of 1.50%-1.63%. The change of DOC was much more sensitive to cultivation disturbance. Soil TOC, DOC, and MBC were significantly positive correlated with each other in the S. baicalensis steppe, but in the spring wheat field, the correlativity between DOC and TOC and that between DOC and MBC did not reach the significance level of 0.05.  相似文献   

北宋中期耕地面积及其空间分布格局重建(英文)   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

何凡能  李士成  张学珍 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(2):359-370

To understand historical human-induced land cover change and its climatic effects, it is necessary to create historical land use datasets with explicit spatial information. Using the taxes-cropland area and number of families compiled from historical documents, we esti-mated the real cropland area and populations within each Lu (a province-level political region in the Northern Song Dynasty) in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty (AD1004-1085). The es-timations were accomplished through analyzing the contemporary policies of tax, population and agricultural development. Then, we converted the political region-based cropland area to geographically explicit grid cell-based fractional cropland at the cell size of 60 km by 60 km. The conversion was based on calculating cultivation suitability of each grid cell using the topographic slope, altitude and population density as the independent variables. As a result, the total area of cropland within the Northern Song territory in the 1070s was estimated to be about 720 million mu (Chinese area unit, 1 mu = 666.7 m2), of which 40.1% and 59.9% oc-curred in the north and south respectively. The population was estimated to be about 87.2 million, of which 38.7% and 61.3% were in the north and south respectively, and per capita cropland area was about 8.2 mu. The national mean reclamation ratio (i.e. ratio of cropland area to total land area; RRA hereafter for short) was bout 16.6%. The plain areas, such as the North China Plain, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Guanzhong Plain, plains surrounding the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake and Sichuan Basin, had a higher RRA, being mostly over 40%; while the hilly and mountainous areas, such as south of Nanling Mountains, the southwest regions (excluding the Chengdu Plain), Loess Plateau and south-east coastal regions, had a lower RRA, being less than 20%. Moreover, RRA varied with topographic slope and altitude. In the areas of low altitude (≤250 m), middle altitude (250-100 m) and high altitude (1000-3500 m), there were 443 million, 215 million and 64 million mu of cropland respectively and their regional mean RRAs were 27.5%, 12.6% and 7.2% respectively. In the areas of flat slope, gentle slope, medium slope and steep slope, there were 116 million, 456 million, 144 million and 2 million mu of cropland respectively and their regional mean RRAs were 34.6%, 20.7%, 8.5% and 2.3% respectively.  相似文献   

1961-2008年中国西南地区极端气候变化幅度的海拔效应(英文)     

李宗省  何元庆  Wilfred H.THEAKSTONE  王旭峰  张薇  曹伟宏  杜建扩  辛惠娟  常丽 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(3):416-430

A total of 12 indices of temperature extremes and 11 indices of precipitation ex-tremes at 111 stations in southwestern China at altitudes of 285-4700 m were examined for the period 1961-2008. Significant correlations of temperature extremes and elevation in-cluded the trends of diurnal temperature range, frost days, ice days, cold night frequency and cold day frequency. Regional trends of growing season length, warm night frequency, coldest night and warmest night displayed a statistically significant positive correlation with altitude. These characteristics indicated the obvious warming with altitude. For precipitation extreme indices, only the trends of consecutive dry days, consecutive wet days, wet day precipitation and the number of heavy precipitation days had significant correlations with increasing alti-tude owing to the complex influence of atmospheric circulation. It also indicated the increased precipitation mainly at higher altitude areas, whereas the increase of extreme precipitation events mainly at lowers altitude. In addition, the clearly local influences are also crucial on climate extremes. The analysis revealed an enhanced sensitivity of climate extremes to ele-vation in southwestern China in the context of recent warming.  相似文献   

澜沧江流域农业灌溉需水的时空变化(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

顾世祥  何大明  崔远来  李远华 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(3):441-450

Based on the data of eight meteorological stations from the 1950s to 2007, current cropping patterns, field water moisture management, we use the Mann-Kendall and the Re-scaled Range Analysis methods to research the changes of humidity and crop irrigation water requirements in the Lancang River Basin. The results show that the annual and dry season average temperatures significantly increased, and the dry season rainfall increased while wet season rainfall decreased. Evaportranspiration (ET0) increased during both dry and wet seasons at all stations except Dali, Jianchuan and Gengma, and the aridity-humidity index decreased at most of the stations. The turning points of weather factors, ET0, the arid-ity-humidity index, paddy irrigation requirements and total agricultural water requirements occurred from the 1960s to the 1990s. The spatial changing tendency of paddy irrigation quota increased with the increase of altitude and latitude, and the correlation coefficients are 0.513 and 0.610, respectively. The maximum value is observed in Weixi, while the minimum in Mengla.  相似文献