脱硫海水排放对附近海域的生态环境影响初步研究     

王云鹏  纪良  时国梁  汝少国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(5):61-68

通过跟踪监测华电青岛发电有限公司脱硫海水排放口附近海域的水质、表层沉积物质量和海洋生物群落结构,初步探讨了脱硫海水排放对海泊河口及附近海域生态环境的影响。结果表明:(1)脱硫海水特征污染物排放对排水口下游水域会造成一定不利影响,主要表现在pH值和DO的明显降低以及水温的明显升高,影响范围局限于排水口下游400m范围内的河口段;(2)脱硫海水排放不会明显增加排水口下游COD、N、P的污染负荷;(3)脱硫海水排放未显著增加附近海域重金属的综合潜在生态危害程度,重金属的潜在污染风险较小;(4)调查海域冬、夏两季生物多样性较高,群落结构较稳定,脱硫海水排放未对生物群落结构和生物多样性造成明显的不利影响。  相似文献   

人工诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育胚胎的SNP标记分析     

陈亮  赵柏淞  李玲  商文聪  胡晓丽  包振民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(2)

利用紫外线照射灭活的同源精子,激活栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)卵子分裂,获得雌核发育胚胎,流式细胞仪检测胚胎细胞平均单倍体率为82.5%。对获得的胚胎进行全基因组扩增,获得足量的基因分型模板,利用高分辨率溶解曲线(HRM)技术对其进行96个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点分型。结果显示,诱导雌核发育胚胎的位点检出率为96.27%,其中99.06%的位点分型结果与相应雌性亲本相符;单个胚胎中只表现一种等位形式的位点占91.67%~96.88%,平均为94.81%,较雌性亲本的纯合位点比例(64.25%)明显提高。本研究利用灭活同源精子诱导获得栉孔扇贝雌核发育胚胎,并利用单个胚胎的全基因组扩增产物进行基因位点分析,为扇贝人工诱导雌核发育个体的早期多基因位点检测和评价提供参考。  相似文献   

地下水灌溉回水对黄河流域化学风化CO_2消耗估算的影响     

王健  王亮  张龙军 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(9):89-97

本文根据2012年6月和2013年5月采集的河南、宁夏和内蒙等引黄灌区地下水实测数据,并结合文献数据,探讨了引黄灌区地下水离子组成的分布特征。结果表明:因受蒸发作用和人为因素影响较小,深层地下水矿化度和HCO-3的浓度小于浅层水,但HCO-3占阴离子比例大于浅层水。因各灌区蒸发量、降雨量以及岩性的不同,浅层地下水化学组成和风化来源阳离子浓度在各灌区表现出较大的差异。HCO-3占阴离子的比例在河南灌区最高,内蒙灌区中部和宁夏灌区次之,内蒙灌区东西部最低。河南和内蒙灌区风化来源阳离子浓度相差不多,均大于宁夏灌区。灌区浅层地下水灌溉回水高估的黄河流域化学风化消耗CO2的量为23.3×108 mol/a。  相似文献   

Zinc and copper bioaccumulation in fish from Laizhou Bay,the Bohai Sea     

刘金虎  曹亮  黄伟  张传涛  窦硕增 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(3):491-502

Abstract Zinc （Zn） and copper （Cu） concentrations were determined in the tissues （muscle, stomach, liver, gills, skin, and gonads） of five commercial fish species （mullet Liza haematocheilus, flathead Platycephalus indicus, mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, silver pomfret Pampus argenteus, and sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus） from Laizhou Bay in the Bohai Sea. Metal bioaccumulation was highest in the metabolically active tissues of the gonads and liver. Bioconcentration factors for Zn were higher in all tissues （gonads 44.35, stomach 7.73, gills 7.72, liver 5.61, skin 4.88, and muscle 1.63） than the corresponding values for Cu （gonads 3.50, stomach 3.00, gills 1.60, liver 5.43, skin 1.50, and muscle 0.93）. Mackerel tissues accumulated metal to higher concentrations than did other fish species, but bioaccumulation levels were not significantly correlated with the trophic levels of the fish. Zn and Cu concentrations in the tissues were generally negatively correlated with fish length, except for a few tissues of sea bass. Risk assessment based on national and international permissible limits and provisional tolerances for weekly intake of Zn and Cu revealed that the concentrations of these two metals in muscle were relatively low and would not pose hazards to human health.  相似文献   

Effects of corridor networks on plant species composition and diversity in an intensive agriculture landscape     

Qian Tang  Guofu Liang  Xunling Lu  Shengyan Ding 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):93-103

The development of modern agriculture has resulted in much homogenization of the landscape consisting of large patches of farmland,so small remnant non-crop habitats especially linear corridors play an important role in the conservation of species and the maintenance of ecosystem functions.However,little attention has been paid to the effects of corridors structural characteristics on the plant species restricted to such habitats.In this study,we selected three types of corridors including ditch,hedgerow and road,and ana-lyzed their structural characteristics.The plant species presented in these corridors were investigated,and the species diversity,abun-dance and frequency were estimated.Moreover,spatial arrangements of corridors were classified into different types to discuss whether there were significant effects of corridor network on plant distribution.The results show that three types of corridors have different ef-fects on plant species composition and diversity.The one-one combined corridor networks and total network associated by three corri-dors have more complex structural features than each single type of corridor.However,there is no strong correlation between the corri-dor networks with their plant species.We suggest that carrying out a pointed vegetation survey at corridor intersections to further test the relationships between structural features of corridor and plants is necessary.  相似文献   

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仲崇豪  姚宜斌  刘强  张良 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(4):153-156

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张锐  刘志广  占伟  梁洪宝  师宏波  王友  董彦知  李瑜 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(2):31-35

????????????????GNSS??????????????о???????????1???????????????????仯?????????????仯????????仯???????仯?й??2???????????????????????????????????????????????仯????????С??3?????3.5 m????????????????????????????????????????  相似文献   

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尼胜楠  陈剑利  李进  陈超  梁青 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(4):49-55

????GRACE??????????????????????????????????????仯??????????????о??伾????????仯??????????????????仯?????????ж??????????????????????????????仯???????????????δ?????????仯???????о???????????GRACE????????????????????????????仯??????????????cm????Ч???仯??  相似文献   

Fully coupled time-domain simulation of dynamic positioning semi-submersible platform using dynamic surface control     

Haizhi Liang  Luyu Li  Jinping Ou 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):407-414

A fully coupled 6-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model is presented to analyze the dynamic response of a semi-submersible platform which is equipped with the dynamic positioning （DP） system. In the control force design, a dynamic model of reference linear drift frequency in the horizontal plane is introduced. The dynamic surface control （DSC） is used to design a control strategy for the DP. Compared with the traditional back-stepping methods, the dynamic surface control combined with radial basis function （RBF） neural networks （NNs） can avoid differentiating intermediate variables repeatedly in every design step due to the introduction of a first order filter. Low frequency motions obtained from total motions by a low pass filter are chosen to be the inputs for the RBF NNs which are used to approximate the low frequency wave force. Considering the propellers’ wear and tear, the effect of filtering frequencies for the control force is discussed. Based on power consumptions and positioning requirements, the NN cen-ters are determined. Moreover, the RBF NNs used to approximate the total wave force are built to monitor the disturbances. With the DP assistance, the results of fully coupled dynamic response simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed con-trol strategy.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity on embryonic development,survival, and growth of Crassostrea hongkongensis     

Zhongming Huo  Zhaoping Wang  Jian Liang  Yuehuan Zhang  Jianping Shen  Tuo Yao  Jiaqi Su  Ruihai Yu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):666-670

This study examined the effects of salinity on embryonic development, survival, and growth of the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. The embryos, larvae, and juveniles of C. hongkongensis were held in artificial seawater at three different salinities (low, 15; medium, 23; and high, 30) to determine the optimum hatchery and nursery conditions for mass production of the seeds. Results showed that the percentage production of straight-hinged larvae from fertilized eggs was significantly lower at the high salinity than at the low- and medium-salinities (P < 0.05). The survival rates of larvae and juveniles differed significantly among the three salinity trials, with the highest survival rate observed at the low salinity (P < 0.05). The shell height of larvae was significantly larger at the low salinity than at the high and medium salinities from days 9 to 15 (P < 0.05), whereas that of juveniles was significantly larger at the low salinity than at the high and medium salinities on day 70 (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the larvae and juveniles of C. hongkongensis are tolerant to a wide range of salinities (15 to 30), but show better growth and survival at relatively low salinities. Thus, it is recommended to use relatively low salinities in hatchery and nursery systems for improved yields of C. hongkongensis.  相似文献