A modified domain reduction method for numerical simulation of wave propagation in localized regions     

Luo  Chao  Lou  Menglin  Gui  Guoqing  Wang  Hao 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2019,18(1):35-52

A modified domain reduction method(MDRM) that introduces damping terms to the original DRM is presented in this paper. To verify the proposed MDRM and compare the computational accuracy of these two methods, a numerical test is designed. The numerical results of the MDRM and DRM are compared using an extended meshed model. The results show that the MDRM significantly improved the computational accuracy of the DRM. Then, the MDRM is compared with two existing conventional methods, namely Liao's transmitting boundary and viscous-spring boundary with Liu's method. The MDRM shows its great advancement in computational accuracy, stability and range of applications. This paper also discusses the influence of boundary location on computational accuracy. It can be concluded that smaller models tend to have larger errors. By introducing two dimensionless parameters, φ_1 and φ_2, the rational distance between the observation point and the MDRM boundary is suggested. When φ_1 2 or φ_213, the relative PGA error can be limited to 5%. In practice, the appropriate model size can be chosen based on these two parameters to achieve desired computational accuracy.  相似文献   

Seismic effectiveness of tuned mass dampers considering soil–structure interaction     

Jingning Wu  Genda Chen  Menglin Lou 《地震工程与结构动力学》1999,28(11):1219-1233

This paper presents how soil–structure interaction affects the seismic performance of Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD) when installed on flexibly based structures. Previous studies on this subject have led to inconsistent conclusions since the soil and structure models employed considerably differ from each other. A generic frequency-independent model is used in this paper to represent a general soil–structure system, whose parameters cover a wide spectrum of soil and structural characteristics. The model structure is subjected to a stationary random excitation and the root-mean-square responses of engineering interest are used to measure the TMD's performance. Extensive parametric studies have shown that strong soil–structure interaction significantly defeats the seismic effectiveness of TMD systems. As the soil shear wave velocity decreases, TMD systems become less effective in reducing the maximum response of structures. For a structure resting on soft soil, the TMD system can hardly reduce the structural seismic response due to the high damping characteristics of soil–structure systems. The model structure is further subjected to the NS component of the 1940 El Centro, California earthquake to confirm the TMD's performance in a more realistic environment. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

乌江磷浓度与通量变化及来源解析     

娄保锋  黄波  黄小龙  邓世江  卓海华 《湖泊科学》2024,36(1):64-76

磷(P)是长江流域备受关注的污染物。乌江是长江八大支流之一,位于三峡水库近库尾江段。武隆断面是乌江入长江控制断面。对1998—2019时期武隆断面径流量、悬浮泥沙浓度(SS)与输沙量、磷浓度与通量(包括总磷(TP)、溶解态磷(DP)和颗粒态磷(PP))年际变化及季节特征进行研究,并基于河流基流分割原理对磷的来源进行了解析。结果表明,(1)1998—2019年,乌江武隆断面径流量在一定幅度内上下波动,而悬浮泥沙浓度和输沙量下降剧烈。(2)22年来,乌江TP和DP浓度与通量总体上呈先升高后下降的趋势,2009—2013年为磷污染峰值期,TP和DP浓度与通量远高于其它时期。(3)2007年是一个重要的时间节点,该节点前,TP的赋存形态以颗粒态为主,颗粒态磷在总磷中的占比均值为65%;该节点后,TP的赋存形态转变为以溶解态为主,颗粒态磷占比均值下降为16%,相应地,溶解态磷占比由35%上升为84%。水沙条件改变是磷形态发生显著变化的主要驱动力,磷污染程度亦是磷形态变化的重要影响因素。(4)磷通量在年内的季节分布发生了显著变化,丰水期磷通量减少,枯水期磷通量增加。(5)1998—2012、2009—2013和2014—2019年3个时期点源负荷占比分别为23.5%、36.8%和62.1%,呈增加趋势。(6)建议制定适宜的总磷控制目标,结合目前所存在的磷污染风险点,进一步强化监管,侧重源头治理。  相似文献   

川滇地区重力异常的小波分解与解释   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

楼海  王椿镛 《地震学报》2005,27(5):515-523

利用小波变换方法对四川云南及周围地区的布格重力异常进行分解. 在计算中选用具有正交完备性并有较好对称性及较高消失矩的小波函数把重力异常分解为两部分. 用功率谱方法对分解后异常进行分析,可知其分别表示地壳内部和更深部的密度变化. 两部分异常显示出川滇地区深部与浅部的构造差异. 浅层重力异常的密度填图表明:① 四川盆地地壳密度较高,松潘——甘孜造山带密度较低;② 康滇菱形块体的密度是不均匀的;③ 康滇菱形块体的边界断裂具有不同的密度特征,显示出不同的构造性质. 深部重力异常的密度填图显示出与浅部相似而又不同的密度分布特征,表明川滇地区浅部与深部构造作用有所不同,两者之间可能是不完全解耦关系. 本文结果还表明,地震分布不仅受断裂构造控制,也与深部密度变化有关.   相似文献   

俄、蒙、中交界7.9级地震   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

柔洁  宋和平  娄少平  刘志坚 《国际地震动态》2004,(4):16-20

2003年9月27日19时33分,在俄、蒙、中边界地区发生了Ms7．9地震,新疆阿尔泰地区强烈有感,地震造成经济损失7600万元人民币。文章对此次地震的基本参数、震源机制作了概述,并用遥感资料对地震的构造环境和破裂过程进行了初步分析。  相似文献   

亚洲大陆主要活动块体的现今构造应力数值模拟     

戴黎明  李三忠  楼达  索艳慧  刘鑫  余珊  周淑慧 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(2):469-483

亚洲大陆晚新生代和现代构造变形以活动地块为主要特征,表现为在统一构造格局下不同地块间具有不同的运动方式和速度。为了研究这些具有不同运动学性质块体间的相互作用以及构造变形特征,基于亚洲大陆的总体构造格局构建了二维有限元模型。根据模拟结果,对比已知GPS数据、震源机制解以及地质调查数据等,定量分析了大陆内部主要活动地块构造应力场的分布特征,并探讨了影响亚洲大陆现今构造变形特征的主要因素。结果表明：在我国的西部陆块内,由于周边一系列近EW向弧形活动构造带的存在,导致其内部次级块体运动速率的衰减,从而进一步导致应力环境的变化,由青藏中部的挤压-拉张环境逐渐转变为塔里木、天山地区的完全挤压环境;在西伯利亚地块和印度板块的联合挤压作用下,华北地块上地壳的应力表现为较弱的挤压环境,而在该种应力环境下块体内部伸展构造的成因很可能与其深部的动力学环境有关;华南地块的运动方向与台湾造山带相反,从而形成一个秦岭-大别造山带以南的较强烈的挤压-拉张区;在印度-澳大利亚板块和菲律宾俯冲板块的联合挤压作用下,巽他地块作为华南地块和印支地块的逃逸窗口,表现出以婆罗洲、南海为中心近圆弧形的弱挤压区以及环绕挤压区外缘挤压-拉张区的应力分布特征。  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and population structure of Eleutheronema rhadinum in the East and South China Seas revealed in mitochondrial COI sequences   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙鑫序  徐冬冬  楼宝  张涛  辛俭  郭垚示  马世磊 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(6):1276-1283

Eleutheronema rhadinum is a potential commercial fisheries species and is subject to intense exploitation in China. Knowledge on the population structure of E. rhadinum in Chinese coastal waters, which is important for sustainable exploitation and proper resource management, is lacking. In the present study, the genetic diversity and population structure of E. rhadinum were evaluated using a 564-base pair fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I （COl） gene. A total of 76 specimens were collected from three localities around the East （Qidong and Zhoushan） and South China Seas （Zhuhai）. Among these individuals, nine polymorphic sites were detected and 1 l distinct haplotypes were defined. High levels ofhaplotype diversity （h=0.759i0.035） and low levels of nucleotide diversity （re=0.001 98i0.003 26） were observed in these populations, Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） indicated that 96.72% of the genetic variation occurred within the populations, whereas 3.28% occurred among populations. No significant genealogical branches or clusters were recognized on the neighbor-joining tree. Intra-group variation among populations was significant （~0~t=0.032 85, P〈0.01）. These results suggest that E. rhadinum populations in the East and South China Seas have developed divergent genetic structures. Tests of neutral evolution and mismatch distribution suggest that E. rhadinum may have experienced a population expansion. The present study provides basic information for the conservation and sustainable exploitation of this species.  相似文献   

A methodology to estimate the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius for a 2D/3D vertical seismic profiling survey     

Min Lou  Rick Williamson  Dan Quinn 《Geophysical Prospecting》2012,60(6):1018-1023

We have developed a straightforward and ray based methodology to estimate both the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius for multi‐layered velocity models, which can be used for a 2D/3D VSP survey design. Through numerical examples, we demonstrate that the presence of a high‐velocity layer above a target zone significantly reduces the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius. Our numerical examples also show that including in a migration VSP data acquired beyond a recommended maximum offset, radically degrades the quality of the final VSP image. In addition, unlike the conventional straight‐line based approximation that often produces an incorrect large reflection imaging radius, our methodology predicts the VSP imaging radius with more accuracy than does the conventional approximation.  相似文献   

后“哥本哈根”时代的全球环境治理走向     

王刚  娄成武 《地域研究与开发》2010,29(6)

2009年的哥本哈根世界气候大会并没有因为全球的关注和参与而成绩斐然。恰恰相反,因为美国的高调介入,它没有达成实质性的全球气候协议。这可能预示着后"哥本哈根"时代全球环境治理模式的到来:美国所倡导的"自下而上"的温室减排模式取代欧盟所倡导的"自上而下"的温室减排模式;以注重成本效益的经济减排模式取代风险预防的政治减排模式。世界也许将滑向一个容易但危险的方向。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩三维裂缝网络模型研究     

张成  夏露  李英杰  于青春 《地学前缘》2016,23(5):184-192

裂缝既是页岩气的聚集空间,同时也是页岩气的运移通道, 对页岩气成藏起着重要控制作用。裂缝的产状、密度、组合特征等很大程度上决定了页岩气是否具有开发价值。该研究对柴达木盆地东部的13个露头的岩石裂缝进行了野外观测统计,实测裂缝1 000多条,选取了三个具有代表性的页岩露头进行统计分析建模。通过野外观测和室内统计分析发现,工作区页岩裂缝发育有三组(某些地段一组不发育),各组裂缝的方向满足Fisher分布,迹线长度满足对数正态分布。确定了各组裂缝方向、长度的均值和方差,以及各组裂缝的密度,建立了三维裂缝网络模型,绘出了模拟的三维裂缝网络图。裂缝三维模型为圆盘模型,即假设单个裂缝三维空间上具有圆盘形状。建模过程采用了逆建模方法,其基本原则是通过拟合实测的二维露头观测数据,优化裂缝三维大小和密度参数,使模型能够准确再现野外所观测到的实际现象,包括露头面上不同裂缝的数量、密度和长度。该研究对柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩裂缝描述达到了定量化,为研究页岩中油气运移提供了很好的基础数据。  相似文献