Deepwater Ventilation and Stratification in the Neogene South China Sea     

李前裕赵泉鸿  钟广法翦知湣 田军成鑫荣  汪品先陈木宏 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2007,18(2):95-108

Combined data of physical property, benthic foraminifera, and stable isotopes from ODP Sites 1148, 1146, and 1143 are used to discuss deep water evolution in the South China Sea (SCS) since the Early Miocene. The results indicate that 3 lithostratigraphic units, respectively corresponding to 21-17 Ma, 15-10 Ma, and 10-5 Ma with positive red parameter (a*) marking the red brown sediment color represent 3 periods of deep water ventilation. The first 2 periods show a closer link to contemporary production of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and Northern Component Water (NCW), indicating a free connection of deep waters between the SCS and the open ocean before 10 Ma. After 10 Ma, red parameter dropped but stayed higher than the modern value (a*=0), the CaCO3 percentage difference between Site 1148 from a lower deepwater setting and Site 1146 from an upper deepwater setting enlarged significantly, and benthic species which prefer oxygen-rich bottom conditions dramatically decreased. Coupled with a major negative excursion of benthic δ13C at ~10 Ma, these parameters may denote a weakening in the control of the SCS deep water by the open ocean. Probably they mark the birth of a local deep water due to shallow waterways or rise of sill depths during the course of sea basin closing from south to east by the west-moving Philippine Arc after the end of SCS seafloor spreading at 16-15 Ma. However, it took another 5 Ma before the dissolved oxygen approached close to the modern level. Although the oxygen level continued to stabilize, several Pacific Bottom Water (PBW) and Pacific Deep Water (PDW) marker species rapidly increased since ~6 Ma, followed by a dramatic escalation in planktonic fragmentation which indicates high dissolution especially after ~5 Ma. The period of 5-3 Ma saw the strongest stratified deepwater in the then SCS, as indicated by up to 40% CaCO3 difference between Sites 1148 and 1146. Apart from a strengthening PDW as a result of global cooling and ice cap buildup on northern high latitudes, a deepening sea basin due to stronger subduction eastward may also have triggered the influx of more corrosive waters from the deep western Pacific. Since 3 Ma, the evolution of the SCS deep water entered a modern phase, as characterized by relative stable 10% CaCO3 difference between the two sites and increase in infaunal benthic species which prefer a low oxygenated environment. Thesubsequent reduction of PBW and PDW marker species at about 1.2 Ma and 0.9 Ma and another significant negative excursion of benthic δ13C to a Neogene minimum at ~0.9 Ma together convey a clear message that the PBW largely disappeared and the PDW considerably weakened in the Mid-Pleistocene SCS. Therefore, the true modern mode SCS deep water started to form only during the "Mid-Pleistocene climatic transition" probably due to the rise of sill depths under the Bashi Strait.  相似文献   

基于组件MapObjects的查询信息系统的设计与实现   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

何宗宜  刘健 《测绘通报》2007,(5):30-33,37

讨论如何运用GIS组件MapObjects与面向对象的可视化编程语言Visual Basic 6.0相结合这一开发模式,进行应用型地理信息系统的二次开发。对系统开发方式的选择、系统总体框架、系统开发结构和系统数据库设计等作较为深入的论述。以武汉大学查询信息系统为例,具体探讨系统的设计与系统部分功能的实现。  相似文献   

非等间隔灰色GM(1,1)模型在沉降数据分析中的应用   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

李斌  朱健 《测绘科学》2007,32(4):52-55

本文用灰色系统理论的非等间隔模型GM(1,1)对西安市朱雀大厦周边建筑物及地表沉降观测数据进行了建模、分析和预测,并且与传统的回归模型拟合结果进行了比较,比较的结果验证了该灰色模型在建筑物及地表沉降变形分析中的实用性、正确性和有效性。  相似文献   

Petrology and Geochronology of Granulites from the McKaskle Hills, Eastern Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica, and Implications for the Evolution of the Prydz Belt   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Liu  Xiaochun; Zhao  Yue; Zhao  Guochun; Jian  Ping; Xu  Gang 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(8):1443-1470

A combined petrological and geochronological study was carriedout on mafic granulites and associated felsic gneisses fromthe McKaskle Hills, eastern Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica.Garnet-bearing mafic granulites exhibit reaction textures andexsolution textures that indicate two-stage metamorphic evolution.Thermobarometric estimates from matrix and symplectite assemblagesyield peak and retrograde P–T conditions of 9·0–9·5kbar and 880–950°C and 6·6–7·2kbar and 700–750°C, respectively. Similar but slightlyscattered peak P–T estimates of 7·9–10·1kbar and 820–980°C are obtained from the core compositionsof minerals from felsic para- and orthogneisses. Evidence forthe prograde history is provided by muscovite inclusions ingarnet from a paragneiss. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobeU–Pb zircon dating reveals an evolutionary history forthe granulites, including a mafic and felsic igneous intrusionat 1174–1019 Ma, sedimentation after 932–916 Ma,and a high-grade metamorphism at 533–529 Ma. In contrast,Sm–Nd mineral–whole-rock dating mainly yields asingle age population at 500 Ma. This suggests that the McKaskleHills form part of the Prydz Belt, and that the relatively highpeak P–T conditions and a decompression-dominated P–Tpath for the rocks resulted from a single Cambrian metamorphiccycle, rather than two distinct metamorphic events as formerlyinferred for the granulites from Prydz Bay. The age data alsoindicate that the Precambrian history of the McKaskle Hillsis not only distinct from that of the early Neoproterozoic terranein the northern Prince Charles Mountains, but also differentfrom that of other parts of the Prydz Belt. The existence ofmultiple basement terranes, together with considerable crustalthickening followed by tectonic uplift and unroofing indicatedby the clockwise P–T–t evolution, suggests thatthe Prydz Belt may represent a collisional orogen that resultedin the assembly of Gondwana during the Cambrian period. KEY WORDS: Mesoproterozoic basement; Cambrian metamorphism; P–T path; Prydz Belt; East Antarctica  相似文献   

含交叉断层的复杂地质体3维建模算法研究     

李静静  陈健  卢新明  王小花 《测绘科学技术学报》2007,24(3):219-222

在矿井生产中,出现交叉断层的区域往往是地质构造非常复杂的地方,也是危险高发的区域.对含交叉断层的3维地质建模的算法进行了研究.其主要思想是分别建立岩层和断层的TIN模型,以断层交线作为约束条件,进行带约束三角剖分,从而建立起交叉断层模型.这将有利于矿山的工程管理,减少危险的发生,作为后续采矿生产的依据.  相似文献   

A Fast Reprojection Method for MODIS Products with Sinusoidal Projection     

Jian Li  Shengbo Chen  Wenhan Qin  Juliana Useya  Zhijun Zhen  Yufei Wang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(10):1563-1567

  相似文献   

利用NMF算法确定ZTD格网产品空间分辨率     

刘志平  朱丹彤  王潜心  王坚 《测绘通报》2018,(5):6-10,19

GGOS Atmosphere发布的ZTD格网产品得到了广泛应用,然而该产品空间分辨率的确定缺乏足够依据。本文分析了GGOS ZWD、ZHD产品与ECMWF发布的PWV、SP产品之间的强相关性,计算了不同空间分辨率格网产品的经纬向梯度分组概率;同时利用所提出的基于随机学习速率矩阵的改进NMF算法提取了不同空间分辨率格网产品的特征维数,进而确定了ZTD格网产品的最佳空间分辨率、固有特征维数,并提供了一种数据压缩发布方案。  相似文献   

可见光波段灰度熵和热红外亮温差的沙尘遥感判识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李彬  卢士庆  孙小龙  高健  孟翔晨  赵悦晨  吕迪波 《遥感学报》2018,22(4):647-657

沙尘作为对流层气溶胶的主要成分,对气候系统有许多影响;同时,作为环境污染物,对人类健康危害也很大。沙尘天气一般在春季爆发,对中国北方大部分区域的生产和生活有较大影响。以往针对沙尘遥感监测人们开展了许多研究,取得了一定的效果。但对于一些云和沙尘混合的复杂状况,传统方法识别效果较差,几乎不能有效识别出沙尘。采用葵花8号(Himawari-8)卫星数据,提出一种针对性的识别方法。引入了0.46μm和0.51μm反射率差值RDI,统计发现该指数在一定范围内可以表现出沙尘连续性特征,并有效地将中高云和大部分地表与沙尘区分开来。碎积云的RDI值分布与沙尘的较为相似,为此进一步引入了灰度熵方法来滤除。例举了3次沙尘过程的判识结果,并结合地面观测数据进行了验证。其中对2017年5月4日沙尘的地面验证表明,位于云沙混合区的27个站中有22个站的地面观测与判识相一致。对于一些复杂条件下的沙尘,该方法是对分裂窗亮温差的有效补充。  相似文献   

卸荷-增孔压条件下花岗岩残积土的力学特性     

舒荣军  孔令伟  周振华  简涛  李甜果 《岩土力学》2023,(2):473-482

建（构）筑物因土中孔隙水压力升高而失稳破坏的情形屡见不鲜,常剪应力增孔压试验是相关研究的常用手段,但迄今鲜见考虑施工期开挖卸荷影响的试验研究。为探究初始卸荷对花岗岩残积土增孔压过程力学行为的影响,在常规增孔压试验中增加了初始卸荷阶段,开展了一系列考虑初始卸荷程度和卸荷滞时影响的卸荷-增孔压试验,分析土体变形、屈服和强度特性的初始卸荷效应与卸荷滞时效应,并与常规增孔压试验结果对比以揭示初始应力路径的影响。试验结果表明：增孔压过程的变形发展具有明显的阶段性,土体屈服后因其剪胀潜势和变形迅速而产生负超静孔压增量,有效平均应力转而增大;初始卸荷对增孔压过程土体力学性能具有明显的劣化作用,表现为刚度与屈服强度均随初始卸荷程度的增大而衰减;与被动压缩这种“加荷”式应力路径相比,初始卸荷的不利影响更为显著;土体力学性能的劣化随卸荷滞时的增长而加剧;屈服摩擦角随初始卸荷程度的增大逐渐减小,但始终大于临界状态摩擦角。  相似文献   

砂岩单轴压缩试验P波速度层析成像及声发射特性研究     

张光  吴顺川  张诗淮  郭沛 《岩土力学》2023,(2):483-496

深部矿井开采极易诱发矿柱型岩爆,矿柱型岩爆严重威胁着矿山的安全高效开采,为探究矿柱型岩爆破坏机制和前兆信息,选用自贡红砂岩进行单轴压缩试验,并采用主动超声和被动声发射对破裂过程进行监测,联合主动超声与被动声发射监测数据对波速进行层析成像反演,分析试样破裂过程中波速演化规律。研究结果表明：砂岩试样在加载过程中速度模型呈现高度非均质性,在加载过程中会出现低速区,且声发射事件集中出现在低速区内部;P波速度离散度可反映全局波速变化特征,在峰值附近变化剧烈,随荷载增加P波速度离散度持续增大;声发射事件在峰前、峰后定位结果相差较大,峰前阶段声发射事件随机分布,峰后阶段声发射事件定位结果集中。此外,研究发现选用均质速度模型进行声发射事件定位会增大定位误差,试样最终失稳前b值的降低表明试样大尺度裂纹活动加剧,导致岩石非均质性增大,也间接证明了采用非均质速度模型进行声发射震源定位的必要性。该研究结果可用于现场矿柱稳定性监测,定期反演获得矿柱波速变化为矿柱型岩爆提供先兆预警信息。  相似文献