贵阳喀斯特地区植被类型与季节变化对土壤微生物生物量和微生物呼吸的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

彭艳  李心清  程建中  邢英  闫慧 《地球化学》2010,39(3):266-273

土壤微生物特性是土壤修复的指示因子,近年来西南喀斯特地区退化土壤的相关研究较多,但不同植被类型的土壤微生物特性的变化研究相对较少。对贵阳郊区耕作土壤、灌丛、女贞人工纯林和马尾松人工纯林表层土壤（0～10cm）微生物生物量碳（SMBC）、微生物呼吸（MR）和微生物代谢熵（qCO2）的研究结果表明,土壤SMBC和MR均表现为次生林高于耕作土壤,灌丛最高;与qCO2相反,马尾松林土壤微生物活动显著弱于其他样地,不同植被类型土壤微生物活动均表现为在秋季相对较强。与植被类型的显著影响相比,季节变化、植被与季节的交互作用对SM—BC和MR的影响不明显。SMBC与土壤温度不相关,与土壤含水量呈极显著相关而土壤含水量季节变化不明显。MR与土壤温度和含水量均无显著相关性可能是季节变化对两者影响不明显的主要原因,但需要大量区域样本进一步证实。认为演替初期的灌丛比人工阔叶或针叶纯林更有利于土壤微生物群落的生长,土壤有机质积累较快,植被自然恢复是喀斯特退化土壤恢复初期更适合的徐径．  相似文献   

西天山两侧前陆盆地晚新生代沉积特征及构造意义   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

王永  李德贵  王彦斌  李建成 《新疆地质》2000,18(3):245-251

天山两侧前陆盆地晚新生代地层发育,沉积厚度较大。盆地沉积序列的韵律性反映了天山造山带的构造演化历史。晚新生代沉积特征及孢粉组合表明,中新世一上新世一早更新世碎屑岩不稳定组分明显增加,阔叶植物花粉含量减少、耐干地喜早的蒿、藜等显著增加,反映天山活动性增强,上新世晚期天山强烈隆升,天山两侧前陆盆地上新世晚期开始出现磨拉石建造,由于山体隆升造成的大气环流改变,天山两侧盆地封闭性增强,大陆性气候流改变,天  相似文献   

多导体柱微波成像的连续编码遗传算法          下载免费PDF全文

卿安永  李敬  任朗  李政光  钟顺时 《地球物理学报》1999,42(6):841-848

提出一种能同时重建多个二维良导体目标外形轮廓的新方法——连续编码遗传算法．将目标的横截面轮廓近似表达为三角级数形式,由边界条件得到一积分方程组,在此基础上将成像问题转化为约束优化问题,级数的各项系数为待优化量．积分方程组为约束条件,目标函数定义为实际测量的散射场与反演过程中得到的散射场之间的相对误差函数．采用连续编码遗传算法求解,优化过程通过选择、交叉、变异等遗传操作的选代而实现,待优化目标函数进行线性变换并采用模拟退火原理确定目标后表达为适应度函数,采用联赛选择与比例选择相结合的选择机制和单点交叉方式,变异操作通过对基因施加微小随机扰动实现．上一代中适应度最高的个体直接保留．数值模拟反演实验验证了方法的有效性．与其他反演方法相比,本法具有简单、通用、鲁棒性强等特点．  相似文献   

基于重力剖面的长白山天池火山地壳岩浆囊建模     

管彦武  崔承赞  杨国东  刘嘉麒  李允秀  吴昌桓  金旭  吴燕冈 《岩石学报》2020,36(12):3840-3852

长白山天池火山是中国最具潜在喷发危险的多成因复式火山,在近2000年来,曾经发生过世界上最大规模的喷发。为了进一步研究长白山天池火山的潜在危险,有必要研究火山的岩浆囊位置和分布。为此,在长白山天池火山开展了一条南北方向的重力剖面测量。结合前人工作,如地震勘探P波速度反演和大地电磁测深（MT）电阻率反演,以及地质信息,采用人机交互的形式,建立了一条长约150km的密度模型。从建模结果图中可以发现：（1）长白山天池下方存在地壳岩浆囊;（2）长白山天池北坡地壳存在一个高阻、低密度体,深度在7~15km,距离天池2~10km,可能是富含气体的岩浆囊;（3）在南坡和北坡大约3km深度处普遍存在一个岩浆岩层;（4）在天池下存在一个已经塌陷堵塞的火山颈。  相似文献   

Protective effects of Ecklonia cava extract on the toxicity and oxidative stress induced by hair dye in in-vitro and in-vivo models     

OH Jae-Young  RYU Bo-Mi  YANG Hye-Won  KIM Eun-A  LEE Jung-Suck  JEON You-Jin 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):909-917

Oxidative hair dyes containingρ-phenylenediamine(PPD)are reported to induce an allergic reaction by promoting oxidative stress when absorbed through the skin.Despite the associated risk,these hair dyes remain popular owing to their convenience and sharpness of color.This makes it important to minimize the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by PPD-containing hair dyes.Ecklonia cava extract has been evaluated in different studies for its protective effects against external stress in fibroblasts and keratinocytes.Our study was aimed at using in-vitro and in-vivo models to investigate the extract’s effects on cytotoxicity of and oxidative stress induced by PPD-containing hair dyes.Analysis of CIEL*a*b*Color space was first used to determine the range of E.cava extract that would not interfere with the coloring ability of the dye upon addition.Subsequently,the set ranges of E.cava extract(5% and 7%)were added to the hair dye and their toxicity assessed by evaluating the viability of fibroblasts and keratinocytes.The effects on developmental phenotypes and induction of oxidative stress by hair dye were evaluated and compared with those of hair dyes containing different contents of E.cava extract using an in-vivo zebrafish model.Our results showed that E.cava extract in hair dye could significantly decrease the cytotoxicity and levels of oxidative stress caused by hair dyes containing PPD in both in-vitro and in-vivo models.These results suggest that the addition of 7% E.cava extract to 250μg/mL hair dye does not interfere with the coloring ability of the dye while showing significant protective eff ects against the hair dye.The study proposes that the use of E.cava extract as an adduct to hair dyes containing PPD reduces the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by these hair dyes.  相似文献   

急性UVB辐射对粉叶马尾藻过氧化损伤和主要抗氧化酶的影响     

袁世鹏  唐学玺  于琪  臧宇  李泽民  周斌 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(4):821-828

粉叶马尾藻(Sargassum glaucescens)是台湾地区潮间带的重要大型藻类,其对紫外线增强的生理响应特征尚不清楚。本研究关注粉叶马尾藻在急性紫外线辐射(Ultraviolet radiation B,UVB)下的生理指标变化,探索了粉叶马尾藻在急性UVB辐照下抗氧化系统的瞬时反应过程。结果表明:低强度组[0.5W/(m2·s)]藻体在24h内未出现显著氧化损伤和蛋白质含量变化,但是细胞活力在辐照12h后显著降低,藻体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活性随辐照时间延长而降低,过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活性呈现升高后下降的趋势,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)酶活性没有出现显著降低;高强度组[2W/(m2·s)]藻体在辐照3h后藻体出现明显氧化损伤,6h后细胞活力和蛋白质含量显著降低,藻体SOD酶活性随辐照时间延长而降低,CAT和APX酶活性呈现升高后降低的趋势,辐射12h后即显著降低。低强度UVB辐射对粉叶马尾藻的影响相对较小,表明粉叶马尾藻对UVB辐射具有一定耐受性;而高强度UVB辐射的影响较为显著,意味着UVB辐射的持续增强将超出粉叶马尾藻的耐受限度,进而造成不利影响。本研究结果初步揭示了粉叶马尾藻对于急性UVB辐射的增强的生理响应特征,为进一步研究UVB辐射增强的生态学效应提供参考依据。  相似文献   

A preliminary study of the variation of phytoplankton absorption coefficients in the northern South China Sea     

WUJingyu  HONGHuasheng  SHANGShaoling  DAIMinhan  LEEZhongping  LIShaojing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(5):17-29

The temporal and spatial variabilities of phytoplankton absorption coefficients (a ph (λ)) and their relationships with physical processes in the northern South China Sea were examined, based on in situ data collected from two cruise surveys during May 14 to 25, 2001 and November 2 to 21, 2002. Significant changes in the surface water in a ph values and B/R ratios (a ph (440)/a ph (675)) were observed in May, which were caused by a phytoplankton bloom on the inner shelf stimulated by a large river plume due...  相似文献   

Multivariate analysis of .uorescence and source identi. cation of dissolved organic matter in Jiaozhou Bay, China     

JIANG Fenghu  YANG Baijuan  LEE Frank Sen-Chun.  WANG Xiaoru  CAO Xuan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,(2):60-72

Hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) methods were used to assess the similarities and dissimilarities of the entire Excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) data sets of samples collected from Jiaozhou Bay, China. The results demonstrate that multivariate analysis facilitates the complex data treatment and spectral sorting processes, and also enhances the probability to reveal otherwise hidden information concerning the chemical characteristics of the dissolved organic matter (DOM). The distribution of di.erent water samples as revealed by multivariate results has been used to track the movement of DOM material in the study area, and the interpretation is supported by the results obtained from the numerical simulation model of substance tracing technique, which show that the substance discharged by Haibo River can be distributed in Jiaozhou Bay.  相似文献   

Bubble Size Distribution for Waves Propagating over A Submerged Breakwater     

TIEN Tsung-mo HUANG Ching-jer HSU Tai-wen LEE Chien-hsun HSU Shi-sheng 《中国海洋工程》2008,22(2):227-240

Experiments are carried out to study the characteristics of active bubbles entrained by breaking waves as these propagate over an abruptly topographical change or a submerged breakwater. Underwater sounds generated by the entrained air bubbles are detected by a hydrophone connected to a charge amplifier and a data acquisition system. The size distribution of the bubbles is then determined inversely from the received sound frequencies. The sound signals are converted from time domain to time-frequency domain by applying Gabor transform. The number of bubbles with different sizes are counted from the signal peaks in the time-frequency domain. The characteristics of the bubbles are in terms of bubble size spectra, which account for the variation in bubble probability density related to the bubble radius r. The experimental data demonstrate that the bubble probability density function shows a - 2.39 power-law sealing with radius for r 〉 0. 8 mm, and a- 1.11 power law for r 〈0.8 mm.  相似文献   

Identifying Indicator Species in Habitats Created by Coastal Structures   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Chun-Han SHIH  Ying-Chou LEE  Wei-Tse CHANG  Ta-Jen CHU 《中国海洋工程》2010,24(1):117-134

In this paper,three approachs were developed to find indicator species from the habitat created by coastal structures.These approachs consist of a model of species co-occurrence probability,a model of k-environmental factor probability and a composite model.Simultaneously,a case study was conducted in Hsinchu Fishing Port of north-western Taiwan.Based on the aforementioned models,three primary producer species,Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis,Chondrus ocellatus and Sarcodia montagneana,were chosen as the indicator species which had the highest co-occurrence probabilities and showed greater tolerance to more critical environment.It is imperative to understand how the three species under particular co-occurring conditions and environmental factors influence the composition of sessile assemblages in coastal water.The results indicate that for the purpose of increasing biodiversity,these models are feasible to find indicator species of artificial structures,and to help make it possible to design coastal structures based on biological considerations.This study provides an innovative approach for further advanced application in the artificial habitat of coast management.  相似文献