Evaluation of the applicability of climate forecast system reanalysis weather data for hydrologic simulation: A case study in the Bahe River Basin of the Qinling Mountains,China   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Sheng Hu  Haijun Qiu  Dongdong Yang  Mingming Cao  Jinxi Song  Jiang Wu  Chenlu Huang  Yu Gao 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(5):546-564

In recent years, global reanalysis weather data has been widely used in hydrological modeling around the world, but the results of simulations vary greatly. To consider the applicability of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data in the hydrologic simulation of watersheds, the Bahe River Basin was used as a case study. Two types of weather data (conventional weather data and CFSR weather data) were considered to establish a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, which was used to simulate runoff from 2001 to 2012 in the basin at annual and monthly scales. The effect of both datasets on the simulation was assessed using regression analysis, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Percent Bias (PBIAS). A CFSR weather data correction method was proposed. The main results were as follows. (1) The CFSR climate data was applicable for hydrologic simulation in the Bahe River Basin (R ² of the simulated results above 0.50, NSE above 0.33, and |PBIAS| below 14.8. Although the quality of the CFSR weather data is not perfect, it achieved a satisfactory hydrological simulation after rainfall data correction. (2) The simulated streamflow using the CFSR data was higher than the observed streamflow, which was likely because the estimation of daily rainfall data by CFSR weather data resulted in more rainy days and stronger rainfall intensity than was actually observed. Therefore, the data simulated a higher base flow and flood peak discharge in terms of the water balance, except for some individual years. (3) The relation between the CFSR rainfall data (x) and the observed rainfall data (y) could be represented by a power exponent equation: y=1.4789x ^0.8875 (R ²=0.98, P<0.001). There was a slight variation between the fitted equations for each station. The equation provides a theoretical basis for the correction of CFSR rainfall data.  相似文献   

The effects of anisotropy of marine magnetic anomalies on the Curie point depth estimates from spectral analysis     

Mingming Wang  Zhixin Liu 《Acta Geophysica》2018,66(5):1019-1030

Azimuthally averaged power spectra are widely used in the Curie point depth (CPD) estimation with the implicit assumption that the magnetization distribution is random and uncorrelated. However, the marine magnetic anomalies are caused by bands of normal and reverse magnetization and show obvious trends. To investigate the effects of the anisotropy of marine magnetic anomalies on the CPD estimates, we develop 3D fractal striped magnetization models to produce lineated marine magnetic anomalies for the first time. We analyze the spectra anisotropy of the lineated magnetic anomalies of the synthetic fractal striped magnetization models and investigate its effects on the CPD estimates. The synthetic models and actual data show that the spectra of the lineated marine magnetic anomalies are directionally anisotropic. The amplitude response is strong and the slope of the logarithmic spectrum is large in a direction perpendicular to the stripes of magnetic anomalies, whereas the amplitude response is weak and the slope of the logarithmic spectrum is small in a direction parallel to the stripes of magnetic anomalies. The depth estimates in the perpendicular direction are close to the actual values, whereas the depths estimates in the parallel direction are significantly lower than the actual values. The actual marine magnetic anomalies of the South China Sea exhibit an anisotropic power spectrum that is consistent with the spectral anisotropy of magnetic anomalies of the synthetic fractal striped magnetization models.  相似文献   

加拿大海盆的营养盐极大   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

金明明  Wu Jingfeng  陈建芳  赵进平  高郭平  张海生 《极地研究》2004,16(3):240-252

根据 1 999年和 2 0 0 3年中国北极科学考察航次 ,从Canada海盆收集温、盐、深和营养盐浓度数据 ,用文献报道的低浓度1 2 9I和高浓度金属钡 (Ba)来指示太平洋源水、用相应的高浓度1 2 9I和低浓度Ba来指示大西洋源水 ,划分了该海盆物理化学特征的 4个水团。表层水 ( <40m)的盐度从 2 5至 31 .6;硝酸盐处于耗尽水平 ,而磷酸盐和硅酸盐处于最低水平。营养盐再生水大致位于 40- 2 0 0m ;盐度特征为 31 .6- 33.1 ;营养盐浓度一致增至最高 ;极大峰的盐度在 33.1附近 ,其位温则处于最低水平 (约 - 1 .5°C)。混合水 (深约 2 0 0- 385m)盐度从 33.1至 34.8;位温从局域最低升至整个水柱最高的 0 .5 0- 0 .65 7°C ;营养盐则逐渐降低。深层水深度变化较大 ( 385m至 1 90 0m以下海底 ) ;但其盐度变化较小 ( 34.8- 34.9) ;位温则从最高降低到 - 0 .4至 - 0 5 4°C ;营养盐均轻微增加。结合文献中对于营养盐极大的年际观测 ,1 2 9I、Ba与氯氟烃CFC 1 1的浓度及3H 3He示踪年龄的结果分析表明 ,营养盐再生水是无季节性变化的、高年龄 (约 8- 1 5年 )的太平洋源水 ;深层为大西洋源水 ;而混合水团即为上述 2大源水的混合层。硅酸盐和磷酸盐的强极大指示优势种硅藻及其再生主导太平洋源水。  相似文献   

加拿大海盆莫霍面分布特征及其构造意义     

马媛媛  赵俐红  凌子龙  杨明明  庞贝贝 《极地研究》2019,31(3):284-290

利用北极加拿大海盆及其周边最新的重力数据,经过水深、沉积层厚度以及平均地壳厚度的重力效应改正,收集了该地区的声呐浮标数据,数字化得到57个控制点,基于Parker方法,使用带控制点的界面反演计算了研究区的莫霍面深度。结果表明,莫霍面深度由西向东逐渐加深。边缘地与海盆西侧交界处莫霍面深度最浅,在12 km左右,说明此处可能存在补偿不足;阿拉斯加处的莫霍面深度最深,至少30 km,推测该区域受到的挤压较为强烈或者沉积物供给充足使得地壳增厚。深度值变化与其洋壳-洋陆过渡带-陆壳的地壳结构变化也相吻合,支持了逆时针旋转模式。  相似文献   

A case study of a Kuroshio main path cut-off event and impacts on the South China Sea in fall-winter 2013–2014     

郑全安  何宗儒  谢玲玲  李明明 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):12-19

This study examines a Kuroshio main path(KMP) cut-off event east of Taiwan Island occurred in fall-winter2013–2014 and its impacts on the South China Sea(SCS) by analyzing satellite altimetry and mooring observations. Satellite altimeter sea level anomaly(SLA) images reveal a complete process that a huge cyclonic eddy(CE) from the Pacific collided with the Kuroshio and the western boundary from 15 October 2013 to 15 January 2014. Mooring observations evidenced that the Kuroshio upper ocean volume transport was cut off more than 82% from 17×106 m~3/s in September to 3×106 m~3/s in November 2013. The KMP cut-off event caused the Kuroshio branching and intruding into the SCS and strengthened the eddy kinetic energy in the northern SCS west of the Luzon Strait. Using the total momentum as a dynamic criterion to determine the role of eddy collision with the Kuroshio reasonably explains the KMP cut-off event.  相似文献   

西藏南部古堆高温地热田水化学特征及其成因研究     

王晨光  郑绵平  张雪飞  邢恩袁  叶传永  任建红  黎明明  何江涛  王丰翔 《地质学报》2024,98(2):558-578

作为我国近些年地热勘探取得重要突破的地热田,西藏南部古堆地热田以其浅埋、高温、富锂、活动剧烈为典型特征而为人们广泛关注。然而关于其水化学特征和成因人们还知之甚少。古堆高温富锂地热田由五个地热显示区组成,分别是布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶、巴布的密、茶卡和日若地热显示区,其中布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶地热显示区地热活动最为强烈。古堆地热田沸泉和热泉的水化学类型主要为Na- Cl型,温泉和冷泉的水化学类型主要为Na- Cl- HCO3、Na- HCO3- Cl和Na- HCO3型,地表水化学类型主要为Ca- Mg- SO4- HCO3和Na- Ca- Mg- SO4- Cl- HCO3型,这些不同的水化学类型可能反映其不同的成因和物质来源;K- Na地温计显示布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶、巴布的密、茶卡有相似的热储温度（最高可达240. 56℃）,且明显高于石英和K- Mg地温计计算结果;除了部分沸泉,多数地热水在Na- K- Mg三角图中的投点都远离完全平衡线,表明地热水在从热储上升至地表的过程中没有达到完全的化学再平衡,可能与冷水发生了混合;通过对地热流体特征元素的分析发现Cl、Na、K、SiO2、B、As、Li、Rb、Cs和F是古堆地热流体的特征化学组分,Cl和其他特征化学组分之间良好的线性关系,表明了深部母地热流体的存在;通过对古堆地热流体焓- 氯图解的分析表明古堆地热田深部可能存在两类不同的母地热流体,其Cl含量、焓值和对应的温度分别为567 mg/L、1562. 5 J/g、335. 5℃和697 mg/L、1250 J/g、282. 5℃,并且古堆地热田的母地热流体可能是通过与围岩的热传导、沸腾或者与浅部地表冷水混合的冷却方式上升至地表形成不同温度、水化学类型和活动强度的热泉,本研究对深入认识我国西藏南部高温富锂地热系统的水化学特征和形成过程具有重要理论意义,同时对将来合理利用我国西藏南部清洁地热能和地热型锂资源具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

基于ADV声学泥沙反演与扩散机制分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

邓伟铸  吴加学  刘欢  任杰  杨名名  张云博 《海洋学报》2014,36(7):57-69

利用座底三脚架观测系统于2012年洪季对珠江黄茅海河口湾底边界层沉积动力过程进行了系统观测,建立了基于现场ADV探测的高频泥沙声学反演方法,分析了泥沙浓度、泥沙扩散通量及泥沙扩散系数随潮汐变化的特征,探讨了泥沙再悬浮的湍流猝发机制。泥沙浓度、泥沙扩散通量、涡动扩散系数及泥沙扩散系数具有明显的潮汐变化特征,主要表现为急流时较大、憩流时较小。泥沙沉降速度与泥沙浓度之间的幂函数关系可以很好地描述潮周期内沉降速度的变化。湍流猝发过程中,喷射和扫射事件是泥沙垂向扩散的主要动量来源,大振幅的猝发事件对泥沙垂向扩散具有决定性影响。  相似文献   

海洋浅地层剖面资料的数据处理方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯强强  温明明  吴衡  牟泽霖 《海洋地质前沿》2013,(11):49-53,66

在海上地球物理调查中,为了揭示浅部地层结构、浅层气、古河道以及其他潜在地质灾害,浅地层剖面测量是一种不可缺少的重要的手段之一,但是各种环境噪声的影响会导致采集到的原始资料质量不佳,影响后续的解释工作。以PARASOUND 70型参量式浅地层剖面仪实测资料为例,结合前人的研究成果,总结阐述了一些用于浅地层剖面资料的数据处理方法,提高了原始资料信噪比以及分辨率,为海洋地质结构的解释提供了良好的基础资料。  相似文献   

宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在不同生态系统雨季的适用性     

石耀辉  王海龙  朱永超  吴东丽  丁明明  勾秋磊  侯飙  张全军  刘聪  杨大生  张静 《气象科技》2024,52(1):1-9

宇宙射线中子法是目前测量中尺度土壤水分的一种新兴方法,通过监测近地表附近中子的数量来监测土壤含水率,理论探测深度12～76 cm。为了评估宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在草地、农田和林地3种不同生态系统测量深度适用性和对降水的敏感性。本研究分析了中国气象局自动土壤水分站观测数据和遥感土壤水分监测数据与宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测数据差异性和相关性。结果显示,宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测草地0～20 cm效果最优,农田和林地0～30 cm最优;在农田和林地生态系统土壤水分监测结果与自动土壤水分站点差异较小,优于遥感监测;但对于草地生态系统,宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测结果与遥感监测结果差异比单点自动土壤水分站点监测更小,可能与草地土壤的强异质性有关。宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在草地、农田和林地生态系统均可以敏感的响应降水事件,较点尺度自动土壤水分站更易捕捉到区域水分的波动性变化。  相似文献   

2003年内蒙古巴林左旗MS5.9地震发震构造     

杜龙  周本刚  王明明 《中国地震》2009,25(2)

2003年8月16日内蒙古巴林左旗MS5.9地震在大兴安岭地区显得较为突出,为该区有记载以来的最高震级地震,突破了以往我们对这一地区地震构造背景的认识.地震发生后,相关考察报告与研究文献对于其发震构造的认识存在分歧.本项研究基于对该地震相关的地震学资料的收集,结合震区及邻区的航卫片判读,通过野外地质地貌调查,发现了NW向水泉子沟-天山口断裂的存在.初步认定该断裂长度为60km,其中,该断裂西北段即水泉子沟-西山湾段的活动时代相对较薪,断错地层年代为距今498±49ka,断层泥ESR样品的测试年龄为距今325±32ka.综合此次地震的震源机制解、震害分布特征以及余震序列等研究结果,推断水泉子沟-西山湾段为该地震的发震断裂.  相似文献