Remote Monitoring of Expansion of Aquaculture Ponds Along Coastal Region of the Yellow River Delta from 1983 to 2015   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Chunying Ren  Zongming Wang  Bai Zhang  Lin Li  Lin Chen  Kaishan Song  Mingming Jia 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(3):430-442

Aquaculture ponds are one of the fastest-growing land use types in valuable and fertile coastal areas and have caused serious environmental problems. Quantitative assessment of the extent, spatial distribution, and dynamics of aquaculture ponds is of utmost importance for sustainable economic development and scientific management of land and water resources in the coastal area. An object-oriented classification approach was applied to Landsat images acquired over three decades to investigate the long-term change of aquaculture ponds in the coastal region of the Yellow River Delta. The results indicated that the aquaculture ponds in the study area undergone a sharp expansion from 40.38 km~2 in 1983 to 1406.89 km~2 in 2015, and the fast expansion occurred during the period of 2010–2015 and 1990–2000. Natural wetlands, especially mudflat, and cropland were main land use types contributing to the increase of aquaculture ponds. The patches of aquaculture ponds were consequently prevalence in the north of the Yellow River Estuary and landscape metrics indicated an increase of the aquaculture ponds of the study area in the quantity and complexity. The expansion of aquaculture ponds inevitably had negative effects on the coastal environment, including loss of natural wetlands, water pollution and land subsidence, etc. The results from this study provide baseline data and valuable information for efficiently planning and managing aquaculture practices and for effectively implementing adequate regulations and protection measures.  相似文献   

基于Landsat-8 OLI的西安市土地利用类型遥感分类研究     

黄鹏程  张明明  王新宇  毛文山 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(1):85-88,92

近年来,由于区域人口的增加和社会经济的快速发展,西安市的土地利用类型发生了明显变化。土地利用分类可为生态系统模型、水资源模型和气候模型等提供重要信息,遥感技术为土地利用分类提供了有效的工具。本文以西安市2016年Landsat-8卫星的OLI多光谱数据为基础资料,参考国家土地利用分类标准和西安市土地利用现状,将西安市的土地类型分为建设用地、裸地、水体、草地、耕地、林地6类,采用监督分类中常用的最大似然分类法和决策树分类方法对研究数据进行解译,利用总体分类精度和Kappa系数等指标对各分类精度加以评价,并结合实际用地情况对分类结果进行了总结分析。  相似文献   

南海海盆中尺度涡移动速度统计分析     

黄润琪  谢玲玲  郑全安  李明明  白鹏  谭可易 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):91-102

基于1993-2017年卫星高度计数据得到的中尺度涡追踪产品,分析了1000 m以深南海海盆中尺度涡移动速度C的时空分布特征。结果表明,南海海盆气候态平均的中尺度涡纬向移动速度c_x均为西向,经向移动速度c_y在海盆西北侧为南向,东南侧为北向。c_y随经度的变化与背景经向流的变化一致,相关系数达0.96,而c_x的变化与背景纬向流和β效应有关。c_x和C存在明显季节变化,夏季最慢,冬季最快。年际变化上,c_x和c_y的大值多发生在太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）负位相期的La Nina年。中尺度涡在其生命周期的开始和结束阶段（即生成和耗散阶段）移速较快,而在稳定的“中期”阶段移动缓慢。该趋势与涡旋转速呈反相关,相关系数为-0.93。以移速小于1.5 cm/s和大于15.4 cm/s定义的极慢和极快涡旋,分别占总涡旋数量的1.5%和1.9%。移速极慢的涡多出现在海盆的中部,且主要发生在夏季;移速极快的涡多出现在海盆的边缘,且主要发生在冬季。机制分析显示,南海海盆中尺度涡移动速度的时空分布受到大尺度背景流场调制。  相似文献   

Petrology and oxygen isotopic compositions of calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions in primitive CO3.0‐3.1 chondrites     

Mingming Zhang  Enrica Bonato  Ashley J. King  Sara S. Russell  Guoqiang Tang  Yangting Lin 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2020,55(4):911-935

The petrologic and oxygen isotopic characteristics of calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions (CAIs) in CO chondrites were further constrained by studying CAIs from six primitive CO3.0‐3.1 chondrites, including two Antarctic meteorites (DOM 08006 and MIL 090010), three hot desert meteorites (NWA 10493, NWA 10498, and NWA 7892), and the Colony meteorite. The CAIs can be divided into hibonite‐bearing inclusions (spinel‐hibonite spherules, monomineralic grains, hibonite‐pyroxene microspherules, and irregular/nodular objects), grossite‐bearing inclusions (monomineralic grains, grossite‐melilite microspherules, and irregular/nodular objects), melilite‐rich inclusions (fluffy Type A, compact type A, monomineralic grains, and igneous fragments), spinel‐pyroxene inclusions (fluffy objects resembling fine‐grained spinel‐rich inclusions in CV chondrites and nodular/banded objects resembling those in CM chondrites), and pyroxene‐anorthite inclusions. They are typically small (98.4 ± 54.4 µm, 1SD) and comprise 1.54 ± 0.43 (1SD) area% of the host chondrites. Melilite in the hot desert and Colony meteorites was extensively replaced by a hydrated Ca‐Al‐silicate during terrestrial weathering and converted melilite‐rich inclusions into spinel‐pyroxene inclusions. The CAI populations of the weathered COs are very similar to those in CM chondrites, suggesting that complete replacement of melilite by terrestrial weathering, and possibly parent body aqueous alteration, would make the CO CAIs CM‐like, supporting the hypothesis that CO and CM chondrites derive from similar nebular materials. Within the CO3.0‐3.1 chondrites, asteroidal alteration significantly resets oxygen isotopic compositions of CAIs in CO3.1 chondrites (?¹⁷O: ?25 to ?2‰) but left those in CO3.0‐3.05 chondrites mostly unchanged (?¹⁷O: ?25 to ?20‰), further supporting the model whereby thermal metamorphism became evident in CO chondrites of petrologic type ≥3.1. The resistance of CAI minerals to oxygen isotope exchange during thermal metamorphism follows in the order: melilite + grossite < hibonite + anorthite < spinel + diopside + forsterite. Meanwhile, terrestrial weathering destroys melilite without changing the chemical and isotopic compositions of melilite and other CAI minerals.  相似文献   

西藏南部古堆高温地热田水化学特征及其成因研究     

王晨光  郑绵平  张雪飞  邢恩袁  叶传永  任建红  黎明明  何江涛  王丰翔 《地质学报》2024,98(2):558-578

作为我国近些年地热勘探取得重要突破的地热田,西藏南部古堆地热田以其浅埋、高温、富锂、活动剧烈为典型特征而为人们广泛关注。然而关于其水化学特征和成因人们还知之甚少。古堆高温富锂地热田由五个地热显示区组成,分别是布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶、巴布的密、茶卡和日若地热显示区,其中布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶地热显示区地热活动最为强烈。古堆地热田沸泉和热泉的水化学类型主要为Na- Cl型,温泉和冷泉的水化学类型主要为Na- Cl- HCO3、Na- HCO3- Cl和Na- HCO3型,地表水化学类型主要为Ca- Mg- SO4- HCO3和Na- Ca- Mg- SO4- Cl- HCO3型,这些不同的水化学类型可能反映其不同的成因和物质来源;K- Na地温计显示布雄朗古、杀噶朗噶、巴布的密、茶卡有相似的热储温度（最高可达240. 56℃）,且明显高于石英和K- Mg地温计计算结果;除了部分沸泉,多数地热水在Na- K- Mg三角图中的投点都远离完全平衡线,表明地热水在从热储上升至地表的过程中没有达到完全的化学再平衡,可能与冷水发生了混合;通过对地热流体特征元素的分析发现Cl、Na、K、SiO2、B、As、Li、Rb、Cs和F是古堆地热流体的特征化学组分,Cl和其他特征化学组分之间良好的线性关系,表明了深部母地热流体的存在;通过对古堆地热流体焓- 氯图解的分析表明古堆地热田深部可能存在两类不同的母地热流体,其Cl含量、焓值和对应的温度分别为567 mg/L、1562. 5 J/g、335. 5℃和697 mg/L、1250 J/g、282. 5℃,并且古堆地热田的母地热流体可能是通过与围岩的热传导、沸腾或者与浅部地表冷水混合的冷却方式上升至地表形成不同温度、水化学类型和活动强度的热泉,本研究对深入认识我国西藏南部高温富锂地热系统的水化学特征和形成过程具有重要理论意义,同时对将来合理利用我国西藏南部清洁地热能和地热型锂资源具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在不同生态系统雨季的适用性     

石耀辉  王海龙  朱永超  吴东丽  丁明明  勾秋磊  侯飙  张全军  刘聪  杨大生  张静 《气象科技》2024,52(1):1-9

宇宙射线中子法是目前测量中尺度土壤水分的一种新兴方法,通过监测近地表附近中子的数量来监测土壤含水率,理论探测深度12～76 cm。为了评估宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在草地、农田和林地3种不同生态系统测量深度适用性和对降水的敏感性。本研究分析了中国气象局自动土壤水分站观测数据和遥感土壤水分监测数据与宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测数据差异性和相关性。结果显示,宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测草地0～20 cm效果最优,农田和林地0～30 cm最优;在农田和林地生态系统土壤水分监测结果与自动土壤水分站点差异较小,优于遥感监测;但对于草地生态系统,宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测结果与遥感监测结果差异比单点自动土壤水分站点监测更小,可能与草地土壤的强异质性有关。宇宙射线中子法土壤水分监测在草地、农田和林地生态系统均可以敏感的响应降水事件,较点尺度自动土壤水分站更易捕捉到区域水分的波动性变化。  相似文献   

A case study of a Kuroshio main path cut-off event and impacts on the South China Sea in fall-winter 2013–2014     

郑全安  何宗儒  谢玲玲  李明明 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):12-19

This study examines a Kuroshio main path(KMP) cut-off event east of Taiwan Island occurred in fall-winter2013–2014 and its impacts on the South China Sea(SCS) by analyzing satellite altimetry and mooring observations. Satellite altimeter sea level anomaly(SLA) images reveal a complete process that a huge cyclonic eddy(CE) from the Pacific collided with the Kuroshio and the western boundary from 15 October 2013 to 15 January 2014. Mooring observations evidenced that the Kuroshio upper ocean volume transport was cut off more than 82% from 17×106 m~3/s in September to 3×106 m~3/s in November 2013. The KMP cut-off event caused the Kuroshio branching and intruding into the SCS and strengthened the eddy kinetic energy in the northern SCS west of the Luzon Strait. Using the total momentum as a dynamic criterion to determine the role of eddy collision with the Kuroshio reasonably explains the KMP cut-off event.  相似文献   

加拿大海盆莫霍面分布特征及其构造意义     

马媛媛  赵俐红  凌子龙  杨明明  庞贝贝 《极地研究》2019,31(3):284-290

利用北极加拿大海盆及其周边最新的重力数据,经过水深、沉积层厚度以及平均地壳厚度的重力效应改正,收集了该地区的声呐浮标数据,数字化得到57个控制点,基于Parker方法,使用带控制点的界面反演计算了研究区的莫霍面深度。结果表明,莫霍面深度由西向东逐渐加深。边缘地与海盆西侧交界处莫霍面深度最浅,在12 km左右,说明此处可能存在补偿不足;阿拉斯加处的莫霍面深度最深,至少30 km,推测该区域受到的挤压较为强烈或者沉积物供给充足使得地壳增厚。深度值变化与其洋壳-洋陆过渡带-陆壳的地壳结构变化也相吻合,支持了逆时针旋转模式。  相似文献   

利用正则表达式实现可扩展的GPS数据采集软件     

杨俊峰  隋铭明 《现代测绘》2009,32(2)

针对目前GPS设备广泛应用的现状,提出了一种利用正则表达式实现可扩展GPS数据采集软件的方法,该方法使得以往依靠算法实现的协议匹配与解析功能利用正则表达式完成,具备非常好的扩展性.  相似文献   

基于ROMS模式的南海SST与SSH四维变分同化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周超杰  张杰  杨俊钢  徐明明  张庆君 《海洋学报》2019,41(1):32-40

卫星遥感观测获得了大量高分辨率的海面实时信息,包括海面温度（SST）和海面高度（SSH）等,同化进入数值模式可有效提升模拟精度。本文基于ROMS模式与四维变分同化方法（4DVAR）,使用AVHRR SST和AVISO SSH数据,开展了南海区域同化实验。为检验同化的效果,分别利用HYCOM再分析资料和Argo温盐实测数据分析了同化结果的海面高度、流场及温盐剖面的精度。对比结果表明,SST和SSH的同化能够改善ROMS的模拟结果:同化后海面高度场能够更为准确地捕捉海洋的中尺度特征,与HYCOM海面高度再分析资料相比,平均绝对偏差和均方根误差分别为0.054 m和0.066 m;与HYCOM 10 m层流场相比,东向与北向流速平均绝对偏差分别为0.12 m/s和0.11 m/s,相比未同化均提升约0.01 m/s;温盐同化结果与Argo温盐实测具有较高的一致性,温度和盐度平均绝对偏差为0.45℃、0.077,均方根误差为0.91℃、0.11,单个的温盐廓线对比说明,同化结果与HYCOM再分析资料精度相当。  相似文献