Comparison of soil moisture products from microwave remote sensing,land model,and reanalysis using global ground observations     

Yuanhong Deng  Shijie Wang  Xiaoyong Bai  Luhua Wu  Yue Cao  Huiwen Li  Mingming Wang  Chaojun Li  Yujie Yang  Zeyin Hu  Shiqi Tian  Qian Lu 《水文研究》2020,34(3):836-851

High-quality soil moisture (SM) datasets are in great demand for climate, hydrology, and other fields, but detailed evaluation of SM products from various sources is scarce. Thus, using 670 SM stations worldwide, we evaluated and compared SM products from microwave remote sensing [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) (C- and X-bands) and European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI)], land surface model [Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS)], and reanalysis data [ECMWF Re-Analysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)] under different time scales and various climates and land covers. We find that: (a) ESA CCI and GLDAS have the closest values to the in situ SM on the annual scale, whereas others overestimate the SM; ERA-Interim (averaged R = 0.58) and ESA CCI (averaged R = 0.54) correlate best with the in situ data, while GLDAS performs worst. (b) Overall, the deviations of each product vary in seasons. ESA CCI and ERA-Interim products are closer to the in situ SM at seasonal scales, and AMSR-E and NCEP perform worst in December–February and June–August, respectively. (c) Except for NCEP and ERA-Interim, others can well reflect the intermonthly variation of the in situ SM. (d) Under various climates and land covers, AMSR-E products are less effective in cold climates, whereas GLDAS and NCEP products perform poorly in arid or temperate and dry climates. Moreover, the Bias and R of each SM product differ obviously under different forest types, especially the AMSR-E products. In summary, SM from ESA CCI is the best, followed by ERA-Interim product, and precipitation is an important auxiliary data for selecting high-quality SM stations and improving the accuracy of SM from GLDAS. These results can provide a reference for improving the accuracy of the above SM products.  相似文献   

The effects of climate change on heating energy consumption of office buildings in different climate zones in China     

Meng  Fanchao  Li  Mingcai  Cao  Jingfu  Li  Ji  Xiong  Mingming  Feng  Xiaomei  Ren  Guoyu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,133(1-2):521-530

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Climate plays an important role in heating energy consumption owing to the direct relationship between space heating and changes in meteorological conditions....  相似文献   

区域自动气象站风向风速传感器检测仪设计与应用     

魏明明  刘禹杉  章允昊 《气象科技》2018,46(4):659-664

为了解决区域自动气象站的风向传感器、风速传感器的检测难题,设计出一种新型便携式风向风速传感器检测仪。该检测仪通过上位机软件和单片机来实现智能检测和控制等功能,工作时由单片机对步进电机驱动器编程可控制步进电机的精确定位,进而精确控制风向传感器的转动角度或风速传感器的转动速度,将传感器输出值与步进电机的标准值进行对比,最终实现自动化检测风向传感器、风速传感器计量性能的目的。通过与现有检测方法对比,结果显示其精确度更高,稳定性更好;该检测仪体积小、重量轻、操作简单便于携带、集合了风向检测功能和风速检测功能;能有效地解决野外区域自动气象站的现场检测难题。  相似文献   

基于数字滤波法和SWAT模型的灞河流域基流时空变化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡胜  杨冬冬  吴江  高宇  邱海军  曹明明  宋进喜  万虹麟 《地理科学》2017,37(3):455-463

将国内外应用较广的数字滤波法和分布式水文模型SWAT相结合,在进行基流时间特征分析的基础上,通过修正基流退水系数α、模型效率评价、重新运行模型、GIS空间插值和趋势分析等方法,创新性地实现了基流空间特征的可视化表达。研究结果表明：① 2001~2012年灞河流域年均基流指数（BFI）为0.43,总体呈增加的趋势。年降水量与年径流、年基流均呈明显的正相关关系,与年基流指数呈明显的负相关关系;② 基流年内变化较为稳定,在时间上存在秋季>春季>夏季>冬季、汛期>非汛期的关系。枯水期的基流指数高达0.78,表明基流是枯水期河流的主要补给来源;③ 灞河流域基流在空间上表现为自东南向西北、自上游向下游逐渐增加的趋势,这种空间分异规律是由流域的地势和河流流向决定的。  相似文献   

Preliminary Evaluation of a Revised Zhang-McFarlane Convection Scheme Using the NCAR CCM3 GCM     

Guang J. Zhang  Guo Mingming 《大气科学进展》2001,18(5):710-717

l. IntroductiOnThe parameterizat1on of atmospheric convection is one of the most challenging issues inglobal climate modeling. Since convection interacts strongly with clouds and the large--scalecirculation, its representation in GCMs has a tremendous impact on the slmulation of theglobal climate and its variations. For example, in the National Center for Atmospheric Re-search (NCAR) Community Climate Model Version 2 (CCM2), excessive surface 1atent heatflux in the tropics was simulate…  相似文献   

高精度磁测在区域矿产调查中的应用—以1∶5万平里店、道头幅为例          下载免费PDF全文

张吉涛  马健  潘广山  胡庆辉  刘明明 《山东国土资源》2016,32(7)

根据山东省胶西北地区2幅1∶5万地面高精度磁测资料,对工作区内岩性界线、断裂构造进行了划分,取得了良好的效果,为研究以金为主的矿产成矿规律和圈定成矿预测区提供了地球物理信息。同时指出了高精度磁测在区域地质填图、断裂构造研究及区域成矿预测等方面的作用。  相似文献   

安徽石英脉-蚀变岩型金矿成矿条件研究     

陈静静  吴礼彬  赵先超  孙明明  高曙光  王利民 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):199-200

安徽石英脉－蚀变岩型金矿较为发育,分布最为广泛。在蚌埠-凤阳、张八岭、宿松、北淮阳、休宁东南部、东至石台、绩溪逍遥等地均有分布。累计查明资源储量45t,占全省探明总量的7.5%。发现50多金矿床（点）个, 1个大型规模、10个小型规模,余为矿（化）点。矿体多为脉状,似层状,矿石矿物以金属硫化物为主,矿石类型为含金石英脉或含金蚀变岩型。该类型金矿是构造-花岗岩浆演化晚期的产物（据翟裕生,1992、孟良义,1995）。  相似文献   

侧扫声呐在富钴结壳探测中的应用前景     

冯强强  温明明  牟泽霖 《江苏地质》2016,40(2):320-325

随着富钴结壳勘查工作的深入和我国深水调查设备的快速发展,侧扫声呐将会广泛应用于结壳区的调查中。介绍了声学遥测方法侧扫声呐的工作原理,分析了已经在结壳区获取的侧扫声呐数据,列举了在将来的勘查中可能用到的新的侧扫声呐技术和数据解释技术。认为传统的调查手段存在一定的局限性,侧扫声呐的使用将会丰富结壳区的勘查手段,促进富钴结壳区的资源评价和圈矿工作。  相似文献   

Low temperature stress on the hematological parameters and <Emphasis Type="Italic">HSP</Emphasis> gene expression in the turbot <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scophthalmus maximus</Emphasis>     

纪利芹  蒋克勇  刘梅  王宝杰  韩龙江  张明明  王雷 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(3):430-440

To study the effect of low temperature stress on hematological parameters and HSP gene expression in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), water temperature was lowered rapidly from 18 to 1°C. During the cooling process, three individuals were removed from culture tanks at 18, 13, 8, 5, 3, and 1°C. Blood samples and tissues were taken from each individual, hematological indices and HSP gene expression in tissues were measured. The red blood cell count, white blood cell count, and hemoglobin concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as temperature decreased. Enzyme activities of plasma alanine transaminase and creatine kinase increased as temperature decreased, whereas aspartic transaminase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activities displayed no obvious changes above 1°C and lactate dehydrogenase activity increased first and then decreased. Blood urea nitrogen and uric acid levels were highest at 8°C, and creatinine concentration was highest at 3°C. The concentrations of plasma cortisol, cholesterol, and triglyceride all increased significantly (P < 0.05) as temperature decreased. The serum glucose concentration increased first and then decreased to the initial level. The HSP70 mRNA expression showed various patterns in different tissues, whereas HSP90 mRNA expression showed the same tendency in all tissues. Overall, these results indicate that temperature decreases in the range of 8 to 5°C may induce a stress response in S. maximus and that temperature should be kept above 8°C in the aquaculture setting to avoid damage to the fish.  相似文献   

The impact of flow discharge on the hydraulic characteristics of headcut erosion processes in the gully region of the Loess Plateau     

Qianhua Shi  Wenlong Wang  Mingming Guo  Zhuoxin Chen  Lanqian Feng  Man Zhao  Hai Xiao 《水文研究》2020,34(3):718-729

Headcut erosion is associated with major hydraulic changes induced by the gully head of concentrated flow. However, the variation in the hydraulic characteristics of the headcut erosion process is still not clear in the gully region of the Loess Plateau. A series of rainfall combined scouring experiments (flow discharges ranging from 3.6 to 7.2 m³ hr⁻¹, with 0.8 mm min⁻¹ rainfall intensity) were conducted on experimental plots to clarify the variation in the hydraulic parameters induced by gully head and erosion processes under different flow discharges. The results showed that concentrated flows in the catchment area and gully bed were turbulent (Reynolds number ranging from 1,876 to 6,693) and transformed between supercritical and subcritical (Froude number ranging from 0.96 to 3.73). The hydraulic parameters, such as the flow velocity, Reynolds number, shear stress, stream power, Darcy–Weisbach friction factor, and unit stream power in the catchment area were 0.45–0.59 m s⁻¹, 2086–6693, 1.96–5.33 Pa, 0.89–2.86 W m⁻², 0.08–0.16, and 0.023–0.031 m s⁻¹, respectively. When the concentrated flows dropped from the gully head, the hydraulic parameters in the gully bed decreased by 3.39–26.07%, 1.49–29.99%, 65.19–67.14%, 67.25–74.96%, 28.53–61.31%, and 67.82–77.14%, respectively, which contributed to the flow energy consumption at the gully head. As flow discharge increased, Reynolds number, shear stress, and stream power increased, while flow velocity, Froude number, unit stream power, and Darcy–Weisbach friction factor did not. The flow energy consumption at the gully head was 9.66–10.13, 13.25–13.74, 15.68–16.41, and 19.28–20.25 J s⁻¹, respectively, under different flow discharges and accounted for 60.58–68.50% of the flow energy consumption of the experimental plots. Generally, the sediment discharges increased rapidly at the initial stage, then increased slowly, and finally reached a steady state condition, which showed a significant declining logarithmic trend with experimental duration (P<.01) and increased with increasing flow discharge. Accordingly, the flow energy consumption was significantly correlated with the sediment yield. These findings could improve our understanding of the hydraulic properties and flow energy characteristics of headcut erosion.  相似文献