浅钻技术在若尔盖地区泥炭调查中的应用     

冉灵杰  祝强  苏兴涛  宋殿兰 《地质论评》2022,68(4):2022072006-2022072006

泥炭是一种具有多种用途的宝贵自然资源,泥炭中的有机碳储量是研究全球碳库变化及碳循环过程的重要参数。由于泥炭多分布于沼泽中,且泥炭松软含水量大的特性,对于泥炭深度的调查、获取用于测试泥炭原状样品的质量不高,导致泥炭碳储量评价仍存在不确定性和偏差。笔者等在典型泥炭形成地若尔盖沼泽湿地地区,开展了浅钻泥炭调查取样工作,通过在泥炭斑块边缘及中心两种不同沼泽湿地地层开展的试验,验证了轻便钻机在难进入的沼泽湿地的适应性,配套的振动冲击工艺可高质量的获得无扰动的泥炭样品,同时查明了泥炭层的厚度。通过试验初步探索了采用轻便钻机配套振动冲击钻进工艺进行泥炭调查取样的有效性。浅层取样钻探作为泥炭调查取样的一种直接有效的技术手段,可以有效地提高泥炭调查效率和精度,为准确评价泥炭储量数据提供可靠的钻探技术服务支撑。  相似文献   

北伊里安盆地北缘海底滑坡特征及成因研究     

胡庆  栾锡武  冉伟民  魏新元  王嘉  叶传红  韦明盟  龚梁轩  刘泽璇 《地球科学进展》2022,37(3):303-315

北伊里安盆地位于澳大利亚板块与太平洋板块的汇聚挤压边缘,自晚白垩世开始,澳大利亚板块不断向北移动,与太平洋板块发生多次挤压碰撞,形成了构造活动复杂区域,由此为盆地北缘海底形成广泛滑坡提供基础。通过分析盆地北部高精度的二维地震资料,对海底滑坡特征进行了详细刻画,识别出海底滑坡的3个构造单元：头部、体部和趾部,不同部位都具有其典型的地震特征。该区域海底滑坡广泛发育,分为陆坡/陆架滑坡、水道壁滑坡、峡谷滑坡和块体流沉积4种类型。结合该盆地的区域地质背景,认为板块之间的俯冲碰撞等构造运动对海底滑坡起了主要控制作用,在海底地形坡度作为内因和沉积物供给速率、海平面变化、地震活动等外界因素的共同作用下诱发海底滑坡。  相似文献   

贵州安顺龙宫海生爬行动物的发现及意义     

冉维宇  史振华  胡歆睿  秦燕娇  蒋良兵  邓小杰  贺箫  喻美艺  罗永明 《地质论评》2023,69(3):2023030021-2023030021

贵州安顺龙宫戴帽山是新发现的一处海生爬行动物化石产地,通过在该地区开展化石发掘与修理工作,共获取3块保存精美的海生爬行动物化石。上述3块海生爬行动物化石均归属于鳍龙超目(Sauropterygia),基于古生物地层学与沉积学的研究,判断其时代为中三叠世安尼期。化石产地的古地理位置位于扬子台地西南缘,是滇黔桂台地边缘相区内首个产出完整海生爬行动物化石的产地。本文的研究成果对三叠纪海生爬行动物系统演化、重塑当时古环境、中三叠世安尼期辐射强度等方面具有十分重要的意义,并为海生爬行动物的古地理分布提供了新材料。  相似文献   

A Three-dimensional Wave Activity Flux of Inertia–Gravity Waves and Its Application to a Rainstorm Event     

Lu LIU  Lingkun RAN  Shouting GAO 《大气科学进展》2019,36(2):206-218

A three-dimensional transformed Eulerian-mean(3D TEM) equation under a non-hydrostatic and non-geostrophic assumption is deduced in this study. The vertical component of the 3D wave activity flux deduced here is the primary difference from previous studies, which is suitable to mesoscale systems. Using the 3D TEM equation, the energy propagation of the inertia–gravity waves and how the generation and dissipation of the inertia–gravity waves drive the mean flow can be examined. During the mature stage of a heavy precipitation event, the maximum of the Eliassen–Palm(EP) flux divergence is primarily concentrated at the height of 10–14 km, where the energy of the inertia–gravity waves propagates forward(eastward) and upward. Examining the contribution of each term of the 3D TEM equation shows that the EP flux divergence is the primary contributor to the mean flow tendency. The EP flux divergence decelerates the zonal wind above and below the high-level jet at the height of 10 km and 15 km, and accelerates the high-level jet at the height of 12–14 km. This structure enhances the vertical wind shear of the environment and promotes the development of the rainstorm.  相似文献   

Analysis and Simulation of the Stratospheric Quasi-zero Wind Layer over Korla,Xinjiang Province,China     

Rui YANG  Lingkun RAN  Yuli ZHANG  Yi LIU 《大气科学进展》2019,36(10):1143-1155

The stratospheric quasi-zero wind layer (QZWL) is a transition region with low zonal wind speeds in the lower stratosphere at an altitude of ~20 km. The zonal wind direction above the QZWL layer is opposite to that below the QZWL layer and the north–south wind component is small. The atmospheric wind field near the stratospheric QZWL is an important factor affecting the flight altitude and dynamic control of stratospheric airships. It is therefore necessary to study the stratospheric QZWL to provide better environmental information for these aircraft. High-resolution radiosonde data were used to analyze the characteristics of the stratospheric QZWL over Korla, Xinjiang Province, China. A weak wind layer in which the wind direction suddenly reversed from westerly to easterly was observed at ~20 km in the lower stratosphere, characteristic of the stratospheric QZWL. The Weather Research and Forecasting model was used to simulate the profiles of the horizontal wind speed and direction over Korla. The forcing effect of each diagnostic term in the equation on the zonal wind speed was analyzed. The results showed that the advection term was the dominant factor forcing the zonal wind speed. The wave term had a secondary forcing role, although the forcing effect of the wave term on the zonal wind speed was significant in some regions.  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩样品中镍和钪的电感耦合等离子体质谱分析与干扰校正方法     

陈菲菲  冉敬  徐国栋  程江  陈瑜 《岩矿测试》2021,(2):187-195

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)已在碳酸盐岩微量元素测试中得到了广泛应用。然而,采用ICP-MS分析碳酸盐岩中含量较低的Ni(1.6~50.5μg/g)和Sc(0.3~6μg/g)时,信号值会受到高含量CaO(可高达56%)和MgO(可高达21%)的显著干扰,使测试值远高于真实值,从而无法获得准确的待测元素含量。为解决这一问题,本文通过实验探寻测试中的主要干扰因素,再据此确定相应的校正方法。首先,利用Ca和Mg的单标系列对碳酸盐岩ICP-MS测试中的高含量Ca、Mg对Ni、Sc的干扰分别进行研究,发现高含量Mg对Ni和Sc的测试存在基体效应的非质谱干扰;而高含量Ca则形成氧化物、氢氧化物及多原子离子对Ni和Sc形成质谱干扰,并且这一干扰程度与溶液中Ca含量呈良好的线性关系。然后,进一步选择碳酸盐岩国家一级标准物质作为校正载体以消除Mg的基体效应,同时根据样品溶液中CaO含量与Ni、Sc受干扰程度呈现的良好线性关系,提出了扣除拟合干扰的校正方法。相对于前人仅利用单标对实际样品进行干扰校正而言,本方法采用国家一级标准物质作为校正载体,克服了基体效应的干扰。并经GBW07108等五个碳酸盐岩国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与认定值相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)小于5.5%。将未知碳酸盐岩样品的校正结果与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)及X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)测试结果进行对比,相对偏差均小于15%。该校正方法简单易行,测定结果准确可靠。  相似文献   

“十三五”地质钻探工程技术发展回顾及“十四五”展望          下载免费PDF全文

冉恒谦  梁健  张林霞  周红军  李艺 《探矿工程》2021,48(S1):1-13

技术创新发展是地质钻探工程事业的核心、灵魂和第一驱动力。本文通过总结我国地质钻探工程领域“十三五”科技创新成果,深刻认识地质科技创新发展新要求,系统把握地质科技创新基础,展望了地质钻探工程技术“十四五”科技创新的总体思路、发展目标和主要任务,以深入实施国家创新驱动发展战略,提升地质科技创新能力。  相似文献   

基于3D-DIC技术岩石广义应力松弛特性试验研究     

许江  宋肖徵  彭守建  陈灿灿  冉晓梦  闫发志 《岩土力学》2021,(1):27-38

基于可视化三轴压缩伺服控制试验系统和三维数字图像相关技术(简称3D-DIC技术),开展了不同流变方向系数α下的广义应力松弛试验,对广义应力松弛过程中砂岩表面的应变演化规律进行了探讨。研究结果表明:在流变过程中若砂岩有发生破坏的趋势,其表面的轴向、径向应变场的应变集中区域逐步显现,轴向应变集中区域由层状离散分布逐渐向即将出现裂纹的位置集中,而径向应变场中在裂纹即将形成区域附近应变增长速率最快。不同表面位置轴向、径向应变差异的演化速率与其整体演化速率的变化趋势呈现正相关,在即将形成裂纹附近的轴向、径向应变变化量发展经历减速、等速、加速3个阶段,而远离裂纹处的应变则可能先增大后减小,不同位置应变值的等时曲线演化则预示裂纹即将形成的区域。随着流变方向系数α由0.3、0、-3.0、∞、3.0依次变迁,流变过程中轴向、径向应变场整体演化的均值与方差均上升,说明其演化速率加快,应变集中现象更显著,且砂岩破坏前后的应变场演化差异增大。  相似文献   

DIAGNOSIS OF WAVE ACTIVITY OVER RAINBAND OF LANDFALL TYPHOON   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冉令坤  阿布都尔·里赫姆  阿尔·拉马纳丹 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2009,15(2):121-129

A generalized wave-activity density, which is defined as an absolute value of production of three-dimensional vorticity vector perturbation and gradient of general potential temperature perturbation, is introduced and its wave-activity law is derived in Cartesian coordinates. Constructed in an agoestrophic and nonhydrostatic dynamical framework, the generalized wave-activity law may be applicable to diagnose mesoscale weather systems leading to heavy rainfall. The generalized wave-activity density and wave-activity flux divergence were calculated with the objective analysis data to investigate the character of wave activity over heavy-rainfall regions. The primary dynamical processes responsible for disturbance associated with heavy rainfall were also analyzed. It was shown that the generalized wave-activity density was closely correlated to the observed 6-h accumulative rainfall. This indicated that the wave activity or disturbance was evident over the frontal and landfall-typhoon heavy-rainfall regions in middle and lower troposphere. For the landfall-typhoon rainband, the portion of generalized wave-activity flux divergence, denoting the interaction between the basic-state cyclonic circulation of landfall typhoon and mesoscale waves, was the primary dynamic process responsible for the evolution of generalized wave-activity density.  相似文献   

塔中及相邻地区早奥陶世沉积格局新论     

严威  王兴志  王振宇  杨海军  冉丽君 《沉积学报》2010,28(6):1090-1097

前人的观点认为,早奥陶世的塔里木盆地是一个统一的“大碳酸盐岩台地”,斜坡相呈马蹄形发育在古城—轮南一线。通过对塔中地区满加1井—塔中29井一线及相邻地区下—中奥陶统的岩石学、沉积学和地震地层学等方面的研究,发现这一线的下奥陶统主要由一套较深水的斜坡及海槽沉积构成,其地层厚度和地震反射特征也明显与周边地区不同,认为塔中及相邻地区在早奥陶世期间已经从早期的塔里木“大碳酸盐台地”中分化独立出来,分裂成塔中—巴楚台地、古城台地、塘南台地三块孤立台地,以塔北隔海相望。各孤立台地周缘发育台地边缘高能礁滩沉积体,呈条带状展布,主要由中高能粒屑滩组成;向内相变为台地相,发育台内滩、台内洼地、滩间海等亚相;向外进入较深水的斜坡—海槽沉积区,从而确立了塔中及相邻地区早奥陶世新的区域沉积格局。新沉积格局的确立,对于确立下奥陶统新的有利勘探区带具有重要的理论和现实意义,大大提升了研究区下奥陶统的油气勘探战略地位。  相似文献