广东省滑坡灾害监测中CORS系统的应用分析     

魏平新  李成钢  徐峰  石晓春 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(4):562-570

在广东省滑坡灾害动态监测工作中,以广东省GPS连续运行参考站网络(GDCORS)技术为核心,集成单频GPS接收机及一机多天线技术(GMS)等低成本专业化GPS形变监测手段,开展高精度(厘米级到毫米级)滑坡灾害动态监测应用研究.在对3种关键技术,包括:CORS系统建立和维护区域动态位移形变监测基准、GPS/CORS动态解...  相似文献   

东南极古陆核的研究现状、问题与设想     

刘晓春  赵越  王伟  陈龙耀  郑光高  刘健  王亚飞  任留东 《地质力学学报》2021,27(5):691-704

东南极地盾(克拉通)中的太古宙陆核主要分布在面向印度洋扇区的内皮尔山、南查尔斯王子山、赖于尔群岛和西福尔丘陵,在面向澳大利亚、非洲和太平洋扇区只零星出露。这些古陆核被早元古代—早古生代(泛非期)造山带所分割,它们具有不同的早期演化历史和后期改造过程,并且产于不同扇区的陆核与相邻冈瓦纳陆块具有密切的亲缘关系。对东南极古陆核开展系统的冰上和冰下地质调查以及岩石地球化学综合研究,查明太古宙岩石(物质)的时空分布、岩石成因、源区性质、构造属性及其变质改造历史,进而构建东南极古大陆从初始成核到最终聚陆的历史框架,这将弥补地球早期演化研究领域的南极短板,同时也必将促进地球早期演化研究领域的发展。   相似文献   

滇东北会泽地区南红玛瑙产出特征及成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘德民  吕晓春  黄锦山  邵俊琦  李致伟  程炎勋 《地质找矿论丛》2018,33(4):548-553

会泽地区的南红玛瑙矿主要产于上三叠统飞仙关组的中上部砾岩层、上二叠统宣威组底部砾岩层以及晚二叠世峨眉山组杏仁状玄武岩中。玛瑙新鲜面多为红色、浅红色及灰白色;呈椭球状或扁球状分布于砾岩之中,分布不均匀,局部富集;玛瑙砾石大小不一,玛瑙粒径多集中在0.5~5 cm,偶见大于6 cm。会泽地区的南红玛瑙矿形成可分为三个阶段：1）晚二叠世时期,玄武质火山岩（P₃e）中的含硅质热液在晚期充填于玄武岩气孔或裂隙中,经过（快速）冷却形成隐晶质石英或晶质石英集合体——玛瑙,即原生玛瑙;2）晚二叠世晚期的华力西运动和印支运动早期的地壳继续隆升,使得含玛瑙玄武岩遭受风化-剥蚀作用,两次剥离出来的玛瑙单体经流水搬运作用及河湖相沉积作用,形成宣威组（P₃x）、飞仙关组（T₁f）含玛瑙砾石层——沉积砾岩型玛瑙矿产;3）近-现代地质作用,使得二叠纪玄武岩气孔中原生玛瑙和宣威组、飞仙关组沉积砾岩层中的次生玛瑙砾石,再次受到风化-剥蚀作用,玛瑙砾石经流水搬运至现代河流或湖泊中,形成次生玛瑙砂矿。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Holocene Loess-Palaeosol Particle Size Composition and Paleoclimatic Significance in East Guanzhong,Shaanxi Province     

Zhaoduo Wang  Chunchang Huang  Yali Zhou  Jiangli Pang  Xiaochun Zha 《地球科学进展》2018,33(3):293-304

This paper made an end-member analysis of particle size data collected from 150 samples based on the continuous Holocene Loess-Paleosol profile (Yaohecun profile) in east Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province. Wavelet analysis was also performed for the EMs along the time scale of depth.The result shows that three end members can be separated from different sediment particle sizes. Based on comparative analysis of magnetic susceptibility and geochemical index, it was considered that the End-member 1 might indicate the weathering and pedogenic remoulding after sediment deposition under the east Asian summer monsoon. The End-member 2 might indicate dynamic effect of dust storm accumulation under the influence of northwest monsoon, representing typical component characteristics of aeolian loess.The End-member 3 indicated the stronger transporting force for coarse components, which should belong to the northeasterly winds for the coarse-grained near-source sediments from the Yellow River flood plain. Results of wavelet analysis show that each EM has different periodic characteristics at 1.5 ka, 3.0 ka and 4.5 ka scales.The End-element analysis method has a good effect in indicating the sedimentary environment and provenance characteristics of sediments. The combination characteristics of each End-member can reflect the characteristics of sedimentary dynamics combination and can well reflect the Holocene dynamic change course. At the same time, it hasreference significance to reconstruct the paleoclimate on the longer time scale.The wavelet analysis method provides significant results in terms of inversion cycles and trends of dynamics change of sedimentary particle size within each EM.  相似文献   

河南晚更新世—全新世黄土记录的环境变化及物源特征          下载免费PDF全文

王兆夺  黄春长  周亚利  庞奖励  查小春  郭永强 《高校地质学报》2018,24(3):380

基于河南新郑县的一套完整晚更新世—全新世黄土古土壤剖面(格大张剖面),应用端元分析模型,对75个沉积样品的粒度分析数据进行分析,并对各端元组分在地层深度对应的时间尺度上做了小波变换。结果认为,从格大张剖面沉积物粒级组分中可以分离出三个沉积端元,端元1可能指示了东亚夏季风作用动力特征,夏季风的强弱引起的温湿变化造成相应时期内沉积物的古土壤化的强弱;端元2可能指示了东亚冬季风作用下沙尘暴沉积动力作用特征,代表了典型风成黄土的粗颗粒组分特征;端元3粒级组分更粗,代表了更强搬运动力条件,应属于东北风搬运黄泛平原粗颗粒而来的近源沉积物,距今3100 a以来尤为显著。根据小波分析结果,认为各端元组分在不同的时间尺度上具有周期性特点。端元分析法在指示沉积物沉积动力环境和物源特征上具有很好的效果,各端元组合特征能够敏感地反映出沉积动力组合特征,很好地反映晚更新世以来各动力变化特征。采用小波分析方法对识别各端元组的周期性特征以及根据目前状态推断未来可能的趋势具有参考意义。  相似文献   

Experimental and theoretical study on the effect of unsteady flow on the fracturing pressure in hydraulic fracturing test     

Mingze Liu  Guang Zhang  Guogang Gou  Bing Bai  Shaobin Hu  Xiaochun Li 《Natural Hazards》2018,90(3):1137-1151

Reasonable determination of formation fracturing pressure concerns the stable operation of underground fluid injection projects. In this work, we studied the effect of unsteady flow on fracturing pressure. Hydraulic fracturing tests on low permeable sandstone were conducted with the injection rate between 0.1 and 2.0 ml/min. Then, the fracturing pressure prediction models for hollow cylinder under both unsteady flow and steady flow conditions were deduced. Finally, the effect of unsteady flow on the fracturing pressure was studied based on the experimental result and several influence factors. It was shown that fracturing pressure increased with the elevated pressurization rate in the tests, while the slope of the variation curve decreases. The model considering unsteady flow can reflect the variation tendency of fracturing pressures in experiments, while fracturing pressures from the model considering steady flow are invariant with different pressurization rates. Fracturing pressure decreases with the elevated rock permeability and increases with the elevated fluid viscosity, and these two effects are actually generated by the unsteady flow. Whether to consider the unsteady flow has no significant influence on the effect of rock tensile strength on fracturing pressure when the tensile strength is very low. However, when the tensile strength is high, the effect of unsteady flow cannot be neglected.  相似文献   

Phenological metrics-based crop classification using HJ-1 CCD images and Landsat 8 imagery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiaochun Zhang  Qinxue Xiong  Liping Di  Junmei Tang  Jin Yang  Huayi Wu 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(12):1219-1240

Crop type data are an important piece of information for many applications in agriculture. Extracting crop type using remote sensing is not easy because multiple crops are usually planted into small parcels with limited availability of satellite images due to weather conditions. In this research, we aim at producing crop maps for areas with abundant rainfall and small-sized parcels by making full use of Landsat 8 and HJ-1 charge-coupled device (CCD) data. We masked out non-vegetation areas by using Landsat 8 images and then extracted a crop map from a long-term time-series of HJ-1 CCD satellite images acquired at 30-m spatial resolution and two-day temporal resolution. To increase accuracy, four key phenological metrics of crops were extracted from time-series Normalized Difference Vegetation Index curves plotted from the HJ-1 CCD images. These phenological metrics were used to further identify each of the crop types with less, but easier to access, ancillary field survey data. We used crop area data from the Jingzhou statistical yearbook and 5.8-m spatial resolution ZY-3 satellite images to perform an accuracy assessment. The results show that our classification accuracy was 92% when compared with the highly accurate but limited ZY-3 images and matched up to 80% to the statistical crop areas.  相似文献   

基于Cesium的铁路线路三维场景空间信息服务     

郭泽  谭衢霖  秦晓春  贺佳  胡吉平 《测绘通报》2022,(11):144-148

随着我国铁路信息化建设的不断推进,三维GIS和网络GIS在铁路领域中的应用逐渐深化。本文针对铁路线路三维场景空间信息服务,提出了基于三维开源引擎Cesium的铁路线路三维场景构建及网络应用方法,对Cesium架构与网络服务、线路三维地理环境构建、铁路工务基础设施工程组件三维模型构建进行了研究。为将铁路线路空间地理环境信息与铁路基础设施模型集成在Cesium三维引擎中,对铁路基础设施正向设计下的BIM模型进行了轻量化研究,实现了基于Cesium的网络化、跨平台、分布式铁路线路三维空间信息三维场景漫游、数据共享与功能服务。  相似文献   

融入国家“超级工程”测量案例的“测量学”课程教学研究     

谭衢霖  胡吉平  王斌  秦晓春  师海 《测绘与空间地理信息》2022,45(1):22-24

融入国家“超级工程”测量案例的“测量学”课程教学建设,聚焦国家“超级工程”背后的测绘科技力量,把国家“超级工程”中测量技术应用作为工程实例融入到课程教学中,引导学生认识到“超级工程”的实施离不开测量技术的精益求精支撑,领悟到测量技术在工程建设中的“尖兵”指导作用,激发学生学习“测量学”课程的热情、动力和兴趣,理论联系实际,提升课程的教学水平和质量。同时,这对于培养学生的民族自豪感和爱国情怀,培养自主创新和工匠精神,培养“敬业、精益、专注、创新”品质的卓越工程师具有重要的推动作用。  相似文献   

北山及其相邻地区主要矿床类型、找矿新进展及方向     

江彪  王登红  马玉波  蒲秀浪  刘建宏  樊新祥  赵吉昌  叶红刚  胡小春  陈晔  徐沛斌  范宗福 《地质学报》2022,96(6):2206-2216

北山是我国西北重要的成矿带，该成矿带矿种丰富，矿床类型多样，矿床规模大，具有重要的经济价值和科学研究意义。本文在系统总结北山成矿带区域地质背景、主要金属矿床类型以及代表性矿床成矿地质特征的基础上，较为全面地综述了北山地区近年来找矿勘查的新成果。在矿种和矿床类型方面，提出铜、铁、金、铅锌等是有潜力的矿种及岩浆型、斑岩型、喷流- 沉积型、陆相火山- 次火山热液型等为优势矿床类型；在成矿时代上，提出除华力西期外，还应加强印支期、燕山期等成矿时代矿床的找矿工作；在找矿思路上，提出将找大型以上规模矿床、找高经济效益矿床作为北山地区找矿工作的重中之重，就矿找矿、攻深找盲是北山地区重要的找矿方向。  相似文献