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前寒武纪早期朝鲜半岛地壳的形成与演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对朝鲜半岛前寒武纪结晶基底变质岩的岩石学、年代学和大地构造学分析, 提出太古宙-古元古代是古陆的形成阶段(Ar-Pt1 ) , 可分为3个阶段: 古陆核的形成阶段(Ar1 -Ar3 ) 、狼林微陆块的形成阶段(Ar4 ) 和古陆的形成阶段( Pt1 ) 。在朝鲜半岛发现的古老地壳岩石位于南浦-甑山和松原地区, 其中最老的岩石位于甑山地区, 年龄为3.4 ～3.6 Ga ( 3 503 ±123 Ma) , 相当于古太古代 (Ar2 ) ; 松原地区分布着稍年轻的岩石(219～311 Ga) , 相当于中太古代(Ar3 ) 。古陆核形成于朝鲜半岛北部的南浦-甑山和松原地区, 包括狼林地块和京畿地块的朝鲜半岛太古宙岩石大部分形成于新太古代, 中朝古陆的主体形成于太古宙末。古元古代末(约1 600或1 800 Ma) , 随着摩天岭海闭合, 狼林微陆块与冠帽微陆块通过碰撞聚合而形成一个整体, 称为摩天岭运动(可以对比中国的吕梁运动) 。摩天岭运动结束后, 朝鲜半岛作为中朝古陆的一部分, 整体进入相对稳定的地壳演化阶段。 相似文献
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鞍山-本溪-抚顺地区是我国太古宙岩石出露的主要地区及重点研究区.区内太古宙岩石以变质深成侵入体为主,变质表壳岩出露面积不足20%.区内变质深成岩侵位于始太古代-新太古代的不同时期,原岩由TTG岩系和钙碱性CA岩系组成;变质表壳岩以磁铁石英岩和斜长角闪岩为标志性岩性.两类原岩建造在太古宙时期,遭受了由麻粒岩相到角闪岩相至绿片岩相连续降温减压过程.根据区内新太古代岩石出露的特点划分3个微古陆核,分别为鞍本古陆核、清原古陆核及辽北古陆核.中太古代和新太古代为本区最重要的造陆时期,以鞍本微古陆核为最早的增生点,经拼接增生、裂解改造,形成现今的地质格局. 相似文献
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华北古大陆南缘构造格架与成矿 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
东秦岭地区在前海西期表现为大陆边缘的构造活动,到海西期后特别是燕山期已属于陆内造山作用,因此称之为古大陆边缘。在对前海西期构造格架重塑的基础上,以不同建造、岩浆活动和分隔构造单元断裂资料分析为依据,以控制不同构造单元的断裂为界,自北而南将构造单元划分为：华山-熊耳山陆缘带、宽坪陆缘增生带、二郎坪弧后断陷带、秦岭古岛弧带和南秦岭泥盆纪断陷海盆。据陆缘构造发展阶段的沉积建造和岩石组合特点分为：华北陆块南缘太古宙古陆核边缘活动性沉积、早元古代华北陆块南缘古陆核边缘活动性缓慢沉积、中-新元古代华北陆块南缘拉张构造体制下的被动陆缘、加里东早期华北古陆南缘活动陆缘、早古生代华北陆块南缘太平洋型活动大陆边缘;中生代扬子与华北板块已经拼接,进一步发生陆内A型俯冲,构造型式为近南北向的深部构造作用。根据区域成矿的物质组成以及空间和时间上的分布特点,划分为5个成矿系统：前长城纪陆核活动性边缘沉积成矿系统、中-新元古代被动大陆边缘成矿系统、早加里东期构造体制转换期成矿系统、古生代活动大陆边缘成矿系统和中生代陆内碰撞造山成矿系统。 相似文献
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中朝古大陆东部早前寒武纪变质岩系对比及其演化阶段划分 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
介绍了朝鲜半岛太古宙、古元古宙的表壳岩和花岗质岩石的岩石组合、岩石化学和地球化学特征;根据近几年来华北古大陆前寒武纪地质研究的新发现和同位素年代学的最新成果,对中朝古大陆东部吉－辽－鲁古陆同朝鲜半岛的狼林陆块、京畿陆块和冠帽陆块等进行对比,表明朝鲜北部的狼林、冠帽陆块同胶辽古陆为同一演化体系,而其南部的京畿、小白山陆块的对比,存在不少问题,有待今后深入对比研究。 相似文献
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根据阿尔金山西段前早古生代变质岩的岩石组成、沉积建造、变形变质作用改造历史、岩石地球化学特征等研究,将阿尔金碰撞造山带西段划分为3个构造单元:北阿尔金地块、中阿尔金地块(包括英格里克构造-蛇绿混杂岩带、肖鲁克·布拉克高压变质岩带和塔什萨依玉石矿高绿片岩相—低角闪岩相变质岩带)和南阿尔金地块(包括南阿尔金中—新元古界隆起带和阿尔金南缘复合构造-蛇绿混杂岩带)。提出该碰撞造山带经历了前长城纪古陆核形成阶段、长城纪—青白口纪不同基底联合阶段和早古生代洋陆转换阶段3个阶段的构造演化。 相似文献
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华北古陆的形成与构造演化史 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以华北古陆为例，论述了地球演化史中经夯的三大阶段。１；古陆的形成阶段；地球形成早期，以地幔对流为主导作用，到早太古宙出现初始陆核，地幔对流驱动的地体拼贴和板底垫托是陆壳形成的主要方式；中太古宙开始出现一定规模的坳陷盆地，发育了基性火山夺－碎屑岩－镁质碳酸盐岩等表壳岩，同时伴随着大量中基性，花岗质岩浆活动晚太古宙和早元古宙是陆壳形成的主要时期并已具有现今板块活动特征。 相似文献
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阿尔金碰撞造山带西段的构造特征 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
根据阿尔金山西段前早古生代变质岩的岩石组成、沉积建造、变形变质作用改造历史、岩石地球化学特征等研究,将阿尔金碰撞造山带西段划分为3个构造单元:北阿尔金地块、中阿尔金地块(包括英格里克构造-蛇绿混杂岩带、肖鲁克·布拉克高压变质岩带和塔什萨依玉石矿高绿片岩相-低角闪岩相变质岩带)和南阿尔金地块(包括南阿尔金中-新元古界隆起带和阿尔金南缘复合构造-蛇绿混杂岩带).提出该碰撞造山带经历了前长城纪古陆核形成阶段、长城纪-青白口纪不同基底联合阶段和早古生代洋陆转换阶段3个阶段的构造演化. 相似文献
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<正>1研究目的（Objective）太古宙岩石是研究大陆地壳早期形成与演化最重要的载体,在探讨早期地壳物质成分、地壳增生与再造以及早期地球构造体制和板块构造启动时限等方面尤为重要,因此长期以来备受地学界关注。然而,华南板块的太古宙岩石出露较为稀少,目前仅在扬子北缘的崆岭、钟祥、鱼洞子、大别山黄土岭和扬子西南缘地区零星出露。位于扬子陆块北缘的大别造山带经历了三叠纪华南板块与华北板块陆-陆碰撞及白垩纪巨量岩浆活动的叠加改造,但仍有少量太古宙年龄信息的报道, 相似文献
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针对太古宙有无类现代的板块构造这一问题,首先探讨了太古宙的陆核以及绿岩带的形成,认为,在弧后盆地出现之前,太古宙地壳增生与演化的主要样式更可能是非板块的。依据华北五台绿岩带和遵化绿岩带的共同特点：（1）绿岩带都位于不同年龄的两个古陆核的结合部位;（2）绿岩带底部通常都有相当厚的陆源碎屑岩,在不整合面之下可见更老基底,向上可以与火山岩连续沉积;（3）绿岩带通常形成独立完整的复向斜盆地,提出了在古陆核结合部位由断陷盆地进一步发展为太古宙绿岩带的构造模式。认为该模式存在3个主要的发展阶段,即太古宙早期古陆核形成和对接、在古陆核对接处形成断陷盆地以及在地幔柱活动影响下断陷盆地发展成为绿岩带。而这一模式作为太古宙弧后盆地开始发育之前的前板块时期大陆壳增生的主要样式仍有待更多实例的确证。 相似文献
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文章报道了东南极格罗夫山地区蓝冰表面碎石带新生代冰碛岩(物)漂砾中微体古生物化石的分析结果及其意义。研究发现这些冰碛物(岩)内含有少量孢粉,而未见硅藻及其他微体化石。孢粉以裸子植物花粉和蕨类植物孢子为主、被子植物花粉含量相对稀少为特征。值得注意的是,在所分析的4个样品中,均发现至今在南半球仍有分布的特有属假山毛榉(Nothofagus)花粉,由于该属花粉及大植物化石曾发现于横跨南极山脉上新的天狼星群(SiriusGroup)中,它的存在反映当时古气候温暖湿润。在样品S1507和S1509中发现蒿属(Artemisia)花粉,其出现所代表的时代推测为新近纪,很可能为上新世。格罗夫山地区冰碛物中的这一孢粉特征可能反映了南极地区上新世曾经发生过较大规模的气候变暖和冰川退缩事件。 相似文献
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笔者近年对东南极内陆格罗夫山(Grove Mountains)开展了上新世以来冰盖表面波动的综合研究,运用冰川地质、地貌、土壤、沉积岩、孢粉组合及宇宙核素等各种方法手段,提出东南极大冰盖形成以后并非稳定演化至今,而在上新世早期时发生过大规模退缩,其前缘至少曾经退缩到格罗夫山地区,距现今冰盖边缘约400 km。之后,冰盖又迅速膨胀,到距今2.3 Ma时,冰面至少超过现今高度约400 m。以后冰面缓慢平稳下降,至1.6 Ma时,东南极冰盖进入第四纪振荡期,但重新上升的冰面再也没有超过现今高度的100 m以上。东南极冰盖大规模消融事件在全球尺度上也有所响应,例如北半球大冰盖形成,青藏高原整体剧烈隆升,塔里木盆地黄土出现等。这类行星尺度的气候变化可能与直布罗陀海峡关闭与地中海盐化事件,巴拿马地峡关闭等大地构造事件有关。 相似文献
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Charles R. Bentley 《Tectonophysics》1973,20(1-4):229-240
Seismic refraction profiles completed in the past twenty years reveal that the top of the basement complex generally lies near sea level in East Antarctica but typically 2 or 3 km below sea level in West Antarctica. Throughout much of East Antarctica the thickness of the layer overlying the basement complex is less than half a kilometer, although a Phanerozoic sequence more than 1 km thick probably underlies the ice at the South Pole. Throughout central West Antarctica, on the other hand, a section one to several kilometers thick generally overlies the basement complex. The observed sedimentary section is no more than one half kilometer thick on either side of the Transantarctic Mountains. Rocks with high seismic velocities typical of the lower continental crust occur within a few kilometers of the surface on both sides of the Transantarctic Mountains. This occurrence lends support to the hypothesis of an abrupt increase in crustal thickness between West and East Antarctica.
In 1969, deep seismic soundings were carried out by the 14th Soviet Antarctic Expedition near the coast of Queen Maud Land. The crustal thickness was found to be about 40 km near the mountains, decreasing to about 30 km near the coast. In the top 15 km of the crust there is a gradual downward increase in P-wave velocity from 6.0 to 6.3 km/sec. The average velocity through the crust is 6.4 km/sec and the measured velocity below the M-discontinuity is 7.9 km/sec.
At the southwestern margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf, near-vertical reflections from the M-discontinuity have been recorded. A mean P-wave velocity of 6 km/sec in the crust was measured, leading to an estimated depth to M of 24 km below sea level.
Seismic surface wave dispersion studies indicate a mean crustal thickness of about 30 km in West Antarctica and about 40 km in East Antarctica. The dispersion data also show that group velocities across East Antarctica are much closer to those along average continental paths than to those across the Canadian shield. The results thus support other indications that central East Antarctica is not a simple crystalline shield.
P′P′-reflections beneath the continent support the existence of a low-velocity channel for P-waves, but show no significant difference in deep structure between Antarctica and other continents. 相似文献
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我国首批回收的四块南极陨石类型的确定 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
中国第15次南极考察队于1999年元月在格罗夫山实施首次考察时回收了四块陨石，填补了我国南极陨石回收的空白。根据国际陨石协会命名委员会新回收陨石的命名原则，这些陨石已分别命名为GRV98001，GRV98002，GRV98003和GRV98004。根据初步岩石、矿物以及全岩化学分析，这四块陨石分别属于石质球粒陨石（GRV98001），L5型球粒陨石（GRV98002），H4型球粒陨石（GRV98004）和极细粒八面体缺陨石（GRV98003）。 相似文献
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南极海冰与温度变化关系的统计分析(英) 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Temporal-spatial characteristics of Antarctic surface air temperature and sea ice variations have been statistically analyzed. Results show that, during the last 30 years there was an obvious warming trend in Antarctica, but there exists substantial difference in different sectors and different period. The most significant warming trend occurred in the Antarctic Peninsula, about 2-3 times greater than that in the whole east Antarctica. In recent 20 years the correlation between Antarctic mean temperature and mean sea ice area is low and insignificant, but its linear trends are found to be opposite related in each sector, that is, sea ice extent reductions when temperatures are high. The different climate sectors defined by cluster analysis clearly show a close relationship between two parameters on the inter-seasonal time scale. The most sensitive correlation sectors found are from south Atlantic to southwest Pacific ocean. 相似文献
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Neoproterozoic India within East Gondwana: Constraints from recent geochronologic data from Himalaya 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Recent geochronologic data of detrital zircons and neodymium isotopic signatures of the Himalaya, Arabian–Nubian Shield, and Western Australia–East Antarctica (the Pinjarra Orogen/Circum-East Antarctic Orogen) are assessed to estimate the location of Neoproterozoic basement of the Himalaya.
The protolith of the Higher Himalayan Gneisses is considered to have been derived from the Pinjarra Orogen/Circum-East Antarctic Orogen of Western Australia–East Antarctica, and not from the Indian Craton to the south. This conclusion strongly suggests the juxtaposition of the Indian Craton, which forms the basement of the Himalaya, with the Circum-East Antarctic Orogen during the Neoproterozoic when the protolith of the Higher Himalayan Gneisses deposited. 相似文献
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我国南极陨石研究与展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
继1998～2000年我国第15、16次南极科考队在南极格罗夫山发现32块陨石之后，2002～2003年第19次科考队成立了以回收陨石为中心任务的格罗夫山综合考察分队，在同一地区成功回收4448块陨石。我国的南极陨石回收工作不但实现了零的突破，而且成为继日本和美国之后拥有南极陨石数量最多的国家之一。通过对第15、16次队回收的32块陨石以及第19次队4448块陨石中的38块代表性样品的化学一岩石类型划分工作,除平衡型普通球粒陨石外，发现了2块火星陨石、2块橄辉无球粒陨石、6块非平衡L3型陨石、4块碳质球粒陨石和1块非平衡型顽辉石球粒陨石等特殊类型陨石。本文主要介绍了南极陨石的回收和研究进展，以及我国在南极格罗夫山回收陨石的情况和已取得的初步研究成果。同时对我国今后的陨石回收与研究工作提出初步设想。 相似文献
19.
Geochemical and new isotopic (U-Pb, Sm-Nd) data on the Mesoproterozoic metaigneous complexes of the Rayner Province in central
East Antarctica (Enderby Land-Kemp Land and the northern Prince Charles Mountains) are presented. These territories are mainly
composed of amphibolite-to-granulite-facies orthogneisses, many of which are Y-depleted tonalite gneisses and mafic schists.
The igneous complexes of their protolith are largely products of anatexis of the lower crust; mantle-derived and upper crustal
rocks are less abundant. The geochemical features of the mafic rocks indicate that they crystallized from high-temperature
plume-related mantle melts and low-temperature lithospheric melts. As follows from the published and new Nd model ages, the
Rayner Province formed and evolved over the Paleo-to-Mesoproterozoic in the regime of accretionary and collisional tectonics
with predominance of accretion of the juvenile Paleoproterozoic crust between 1500–2400 Ma. New data show that in the northern
Prince Charles Mountains, granite-gneiss protoliths were emplaced ca. 1040 and 930 Ma ago. The Rayner Province is considered
to be a long-living mobile belt formed as a result of collision of Paleoproterozoic island-arc terranes and Archean blocks
amalgamating into a continental massif 1050–1000 Ma ago in the course of the growth of the Rodinia supercontinent. In the
northern Prince Charles Mountains, thermal processes related to magmatic underplating at the base of the crust were probably
important. 相似文献
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PER HOLMLUND JENS-OVE NÄSLUND 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1994,23(2):139-148
The glacial landscape beneath the Maudheimvidda ice sheet in East Antarctica was most probably formed during a more temperate phase of Antarctic glaciation than the present. Overdeepened glacial cirques and U-shaped valleys are found in the Heimefrontfjella and Vestfjella mountain ranges. These glacial landforms, located beneath the ice sheet, have been mapped with radio-echo sounders. The present ice sheet covering these landforms is cold and frozen to its bed, and has a negligible erosive effect on the substrate. Ice sheet thickening during the Quaternary glacial periods is not believed to have caused any significant increase in erosion at the investigated sites. Instead, the glacial morphology was most likely formed by smaller, temperate glaciers when the Antarctic climate was warmer than at present. Datings of foraminifera and ash layers from the Transantarc-tic Mountains indicate that the present cold ice sheet was formed 2.5 Ma years ago. Other studies imply that a cold Antarctic ice sheet has lasted even longer. The glacial landforms in Maudheimvidda may thus be of a pre-Quaternary age. 相似文献