锑污染土壤环境风险评价研究     

化勇鹏  程胜高  黄庭  李璇 《西安地质学院学报》2011,(3):296-299

综合《场地环境评价导则》与美国超级基金法案的风险评价导则中环境风险评价的方法和要求,以武汉某化工厂污染场地为例,探讨土壤中锑的环境风险评价方法;并从人体健康评价与生态风险评价出发,就经口摄入、皮肤接触、呼吸吸入锑污染物对成人和儿童进行健康风险定量计算,并评价锑污染物的生态风险。结果表明：该废弃场地内污染土壤虽然不属于危险废物,土壤中有机物和大部分重金属含量均处于相应标准限制以下,但部分区域锑含量偏高,最高质量分数达到1 262.7×10-6,66%的土壤样品锑质量分数大于推荐修复值26×10-6;污染土壤的非致癌风险非常大;污染土壤对生物具有一定的生态毒理学影响,场地土壤须进行修复后才能使用。  相似文献   

Lower Triassic and Induan-Olenekian Boundary in Chaohu, Anhui Province, South China     

TONG Jinnan  ZHAO Laishi 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(2):399-407

Since the West Pingdingshan Section in Chaohu was proposed as the candidate of the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Induan-Olenekian boundary in 2003, the Lower Triassic of Chaohu has been extensively studied. Based on the studies on the Lower Triassic of Chaohu, (1) a continuous conodont zonation is established, which has become an important reference for Lower Triassic stratigraphic correlation over the world; (2) the First Appearance Datum of conodont Neospathodus waageni was suggested and has been basically accepted as the primary marker to define the Induan-Olenekian boundary; (3) a characteristic Lower Triassic excursion of carbon isotopes was brought to light and has been proven to be not only an excellent index for the stratigraphic correlation but also a unique indication for the perturbation of ecological environments in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction; (4) a magnetostratigraphic sequence is constituted with a certain biostratigraphic control in the low-latitude region and it presents an important correlation to the Boreal sequence; (5) a cyclostratigraphic study provides an alternative method to constrain the age of the chronostratigraphic units; and (6) a scheme of the Olenekian subdivision is recently suggested to define the boundary between the Smithian and Spathian Substages. In addition, Chaohu is also the type locality of the Chaohuan Stage, the upper stage of the Lower Triassic in the China Chronostratigraphic System. Thus, the Lower Triassic of Chaohu is not only a classic sequence in South China, but also a key reference sequence to the investigation of the corresponding stratigraphy and geological events over the world. The recent achievements are viewed here for an overall understanding of the sequence. Then the current situation of the Induan-Olenekian and Smithian-Spathian boundaries is discussed to provide a reference for later works.  相似文献   

河南栾川旧石器时代晚期龙泉洞遗址石制品初步研究     

周立  李璇  庞海娇  杜水生 《第四纪研究》2011,31(6):972-981

龙泉洞位于河南省栾川县的龙泉山公园内,是一处旧石器时代晚期洞穴遗址,年代为33～31kaB.P.,地理坐标为33°47′24″N,111°36′28″E.2011年2～4月,由北京师范大学、洛阳文物工作队和栾川县文管所共同发掘.出土了512件石制品(有编号),其中包括石核96件,石片60件,工具73件,断片58件,断块...  相似文献   

千岛湖库区地表水地源热泵系统的应用简介     

佟娜娜  何良军  王启善  朱正勇  陆长华  徐红军 《城市地质》2011,6(2):42-44

本文分析了地表水地源热泵在千岛湖库区的适用性,介绍了杭州普天别墅项目地源热泵系统工程实例,并与VRV空调系统＋电热水器的全年运行费用相比较,得出该系统全年运行费用可节省50％以上。  相似文献   

Estimating non-point source pollutant loads for the large-scale basin of the Yangtze River in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiao Wang  Fanghua Hao  Hongguang Cheng  Shengtian Yang  Xuan Zhang  Qingsong Bu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(5):1079-1092

Taking advantage of the opportunity provided by the nationally funded Water Resources Integrated Planning and Investigation of China program (WRIPI), a model was established to estimate non-point source pollutant loads in a large-scale basin (ENPS-LSB) on the basis of hydrological processes and pollutant transport. The model made use of Environment for Visualizing Images software (ENVI) and Interactive Data Language (IDL) and took the characteristics of present-day China into account: a huge rural population scattered widely, marginal rural infrastructure and livestock cultivation based on scatter-feeding. The model was divided into two sections: one on dissolved and one on adsorbed pollutant loads. The dissolved loads were divided into four different types: those originating from agricultural fields, urban areas, rural residential areas, and livestock. The study was undertaken in the Yangtze River Basin. The results showed the chemical oxygen demand (COD), the total nitrogen (TN), the total phosphorous (TP), and the ammonia nitrogen (NH₃–N) loads to be 2.6 × 10⁶, 1.6 × 10⁶, 9.3 × 10⁵ and 3.1 × 10⁵ tons, respectively, in the year 2000. The dissolved COD resulted mainly from rural residential areas and livestock; 76.8% of the dissolved TN and 86.4% of the dissolved TP produced were from agricultural fields. The Yangtze River Delta, the lower reaches of the Han River, and part of the Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake and Poyang Lake basins all had relatively high dissolved pollutant loads; adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus loads were mainly observed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. Dissolved loads were most affected by human activity, whereas adsorbed loads were most affected by natural factors. The results showed that the model performed well on large scale, describing pollutant loads effectively. This makes it possible to properly consider not only point source pollutant discharge but also non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Basin. Combining point source discharge investigation with the ENPS-LSB model could assist environmental management with controlling water pollution.  相似文献   

Modeling regional sediment transport and shoreline response in the vicinity of tidal inlets on the Long Island coast,United States     

Le Xuan Hoan  Hans Hanson  Magnus Larson  Pham Thanh Nam 《Coastal Engineering》2011

A new numerical model was developed to simulate regional sediment transport and shoreline response in the vicinity of tidal inlets based on the one-line theory combined with the reservoir analogy approach for volumetric evolution of inlet shoals. Sand bypassing onshore and sheltering effects on wave action from the inlet bar and shoals were taken into account. The model was applied to unique field data from the south coast of Long Island, United States, including inlet opening and closure. The simulation area extended from Montauk Point to Fire Island Inlet, including Shinnecock and Moriches Inlets. A 20-year long time series of hindcast wave data at three stations along the coast were used as input data to the model. The capacity of the inlet shoals and bars to store sand was estimated based on measured cross-sectional areas of the inlets as well as on comprehensive bathymetric surveys of the areas around the inlet. Several types of sediment sources and sinks were represented, including beach fills, groin systems, jetty blocking, inlet bypassing, and flood shoal and ebb shoal feeding. The model simulations were validated against annual net longshore transport rates reported in the literature, measured shorelines, and recorded sediment volumes in the flood and ebb shoal complexes. Overall, the model simulations were in good agreement with the measured data.  相似文献   

香港巨牡蛎ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立及优化          下载免费PDF全文

黎小正  童桂香  韦信贤  吴祥庆  陈康 《海洋科学》2011,35(8):18-24

以香港巨牡蛎（Crassostreahongkongensis）基因组DNA为模板,采用正交设计及单因素比较试验,分别对Mg^2＋、dNTPs、引物、TaqDNA聚合酶和DNA模板浓度的PCR原料进行优化,并通过温度梯度PCR,筛选适宜的退火温度。确立了香港巨牡蛎的最适ISSR—PCR反应体系：25μL反应体系中含PC...  相似文献   

Effects of Carboxymethyl-Chitosan on Wound Healing in vivo and in vitro     

PENG Sikai  LIU Wanshun  HAN Baoqin  CHANG Jing  LI Minyu  ZHI Xuan 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,(4):369-378

  相似文献   

GRACE卫星观测到的日本9.0级大地震重力前兆信息     

邢乐林  李辉  玄松柏  汪健 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(2):1-3

利用102个GRACE卫星月重力场模型,提取了2011年3月11日日本9.0级大地震的重力前兆信息,同时利用USGS发布的断层模型结合向上延拓技术计算了理论同震重力变化,并对结果进行了比较和分析.  相似文献   

亚甲基蓝在海洋沉积物上的吸附行为     

郑轩  杨桂朋  曹晓燕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(1)

本文对常用的染料亚甲基蓝(MB)在海洋沉积物上的吸附行为进行了研究,发现它的吸附机理主要是在沉积物上的表面吸附和微孔作用,吸附与黏土矿物的含量有一定的相关性.在实验浓度范围内,MB在3种不同处理方式沉积物上的吸附行为都可以用Freundlich等温式来描述.通过改变吸附条件发现,随着盐度的增加,吸附能力减小,而温度的改变,对吸附能力的影响并不明显.此外,通过向体系中加入不同表面活性剂来模拟双溶质体系的方法,对MB与表面活性剂的竞争吸附行为进行了研究.结果发现在2种介质中,吐温20(Tween20)的加入对吸附的影响均不大;十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的加入使MB的吸附能力减弱,在蒸馏水中抑制作用更加明显;在海水中,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对吸附有抑制作用,而在蒸馏水中,SDBS却对吸附起到促进作用.  相似文献