声波在水-多孔介质海底界面上的反射与透射     

彭临慧  赵燕鹏  郁高坤 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(4):671-675

声波在海底界面的反射和透射是海底散射、海底混响、海底目标探测的重要问题。利用Biot多孔介质声传播理论对声波在水-多孔海底界面上的反射和透射进行了分析,具体给出反射声波的反射系数,3种透射声波的透射系数以及声能透射系数随入射波入射角和频率(10~40 kHz)的变化关系,分析了各种透射波对透射声能的贡献。多孔海底介质参数分别采用Stoll和Chotiros给出的2组参数进行理论计算。  相似文献   

温度和盐度骤变条件下凡纳滨对虾的行为变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于赫男  林小涛  周小壮  许忠能  李活 《热带海洋学报》2007,26(2):38-43

以视频记录分析的方法,研究凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei在温度和盐度骤变条件下的运动行为、摄食行为及相关生理活动的变化。结果表明,当温度由29℃骤降至18和23℃时,对虾的活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率明显下降,索饵时间显著增加(p<0.05);当温度由29℃骤升至36℃时,对虾的活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率显著升高(p<0.05),索饵时间没有显著差异(p>0.05)。当盐度由30骤降至5和10时,对虾表现出强烈的逃避行为,活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率均显著升高(p<0.05),并且在观察时间内没有发生摄食行为。  相似文献   

福建漳浦前湖湾有孔虫群落及其沉积环境     

王绍鸿  刘剑秋  吴彩容  俞鸣同 《台湾海峡》2007,26(2):151-156

对福建漳浦前湖湾潮间带两个钻孔岩心和表层沉积物中的有孔虫进行分析研究,有孔虫出现在钻孔最上部厚约2.46-2.96m的砂层中.根据群落优势种生态和非种特征判断,该段各样品有孔虫沉积环境均为近岸浅水环境,尽管其间海面有过3次上下波动变化.根据地层关系判断,其当为现代的产物.  相似文献   

一种灰树花菌丝体多糖GF4F1的结构特征及其抗肿瘤活性     

于广利  李春林  赵峡  杨晓华  宋乐天  高昊东 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(6):915-918,974

以灰树花发酵菌丝体为原料，经过提取分离纯化得到1种水溶性多糖GF4F1，经高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化、红外光谱（IR）以及核磁共振波谱（NMR）等分析表明，该多糖是1种β-1, 3／1，6-葡聚糖，且小鼠体内实验结果表明其具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。在1mg／kg时，对小鼠抑制率为67.3％。  相似文献   

大黄鱼病原弧菌拮抗放线菌的筛选与人工诱变   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

鄢庆枇  王军  苏永全  梁桂洪  麦添成 《台湾海峡》2002,21(2):187-192

从厦门集美海滩底泥分离得到38株放线菌，用琼脂块法测定它们对大黄鱼病原弧菌-溶藻弧菌和副溶血弧菌的拮抗效果，选择两株拮抗效果较好的放线菌进行诱变，测定诱变后各菌株的抗菌效果，并选择抗菌效果较好的菌株进行第二次诱变，如此反复诱变3次，共得到97株放线菌，结果表明；38株放线菌中的22株对两株病原菌有一定的拮抗作用；用紫外线照射可以获得少量对两株病原菌拮抗作用加强的菌株。  相似文献   

96孔酶标板法测定中国对虾血淋巴上清液抗菌活力和酚氧化酶活性的初步研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

雷质文  黄捷  杨冰  张立敬  俞开康 《海洋湖沼通报》2001,(4):33-37

用96孔酶标板法测量单尾中国对虾血淋巴上清液抗菌（Uα）应力和过氧化酶活性。实验表明，该法具有以下优点：1）可测定大批单尾对虾血淋巴上清液的抗菌活力，酚氧化酶活性；2）所需对虾血淋巴上清液微量化；3）用酶标仪读取酶的活性，减少了不同试验者人为读数时的误差；4）重复性高。  相似文献   

ISOLATION OF DNA FROM SEA URCHIN SPERM NUCLEI BY HYDROXYAPATITE CHROMATOGRAPHY     

于富才 《海洋学报(英文版)》1985,4(2):304-312

This article describes in detail the procedures in obtaining spermatids from living animals and in isolating sperm nuclei DNA by hydroxyapatite chromatography. The isolated DNA is free of RNAs and proteins after treatment with proteinase K, followed by chromatography on hydroxyapatite column which is eluted with stepwise-increased concentrations of potassium phosphate buffer. More than 89% of the DNA purified is found in the eluates of both 0.2 M and 0.25 M potassium phosphate buffer. The two fractions are identical in ultraviolet absorption spectrum. DNA molecules thus prepared should be useful for studying DNA structure and DNA replication by electron microscopy, since the length of the purified DNA molecules is in the range of the size of a replicating unit.  相似文献   

不同软基处理方法适用性比较   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

熊丛博  于定勇 《海岸工程》2003,22(1):20-26

总结分析了国内外现有的软土地基处理的各种方法。通过对采用不同方法进行软基处理的工程实例处理效果的定量对比，发现不同软基处理方法的适用性差异很大，多数工程中仅用一种方法很难达到设计要求，而两种或多种方法联合则可望取得更好的效果。  相似文献   

台湾以东海区磁异常及磁条带研究     

梁瑞才  高爱国  郑彦鹏  刘焱光  裴彦良 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(3):291-297

资料显示,在整个台湾以东海区内磁异常几乎全为负磁异常,磁异常分块现象明显。通过对本海区的磁力资料进行分析和研究,表明本海区的地磁异常表现为明显的条带状异常特征。由于受板块差异性运动的影响,以加瓜海脊为界,东西两侧具有不同的磁条带方向,在加瓜海脊以东,磁条带为NW-SE向(120°),而在加瓜海脊以西则为近东西向(80°)。加瓜脊以西地区的扩张时间为45～38Ma,相当于19～16号磁条带;而加瓜脊以东地区的扩张时间为40～35Ma,相当于17～13号磁条带。加瓜脊以西的磁条带相对于以东的磁条带要老,由此推断出加瓜脊以西相对于东侧发生了北向位移。  相似文献   

Molecular identification of bloom-forming species Phaeocystis globosa (Pryninesiophyta) and its dispersal based on rDNA ITS sequence analysis     

Chen Yueqin  Shao Peng  Wang Ning  Zhou Hui  Qu Lianghu  Linda K. Medlin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(2):243-253

The colony-forming Phaeocystis species are causative agents of dense bloom occurrences in coastal waters worldwide. It is difficult to separate them because of the different morphologies associated with their colonial stages. In this study we applied molecular approaches to analyze the genetic variation of Phaeocystis globosa and Phaeocystis pouchetii from several geographic regions, and to assist in tracing the dispersal of bloom-forming Phaeocystis species in coastal waters of China. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of Phaeocystis strains were determined. Sequence comparison shows that P.globosa was the most divergent to P. pouchetii, exhibiting sequence divergence higher than 0.08. However, lower genetic divergences existed between strains of P.globosa. The sequence comparison of the Phaeocystis rDNA ITS clearly shows that the species isolated from the southeast coast of China is identified as P.globosa rather than P. cf. pouchetii or other species. Furthermore, the significance of rDNA variation in distinct global populations of P.globosa suggested it might have had sufficient time to accumulate detectable mutations at the rDNA locus, supporting the hypothesis of ancient dispersal of P.globosa to many areas, meaning that P.globosa blooms in the coastal waters of China are endemic rather than a newly introduced species or a foreign source. Finally, based on the high divergent region of rDNA ITS, a pair of species-specific primers for P.globosa were designed, they could be useful to detect the presence of this species in mixed plankton assemblages or flagellate stages that are recognized with diffculties by means of conventional microscopy.  相似文献