广西大瑶山东南缘侏罗纪埃达克质花岗岩的特征、成因及构造意义     

许华  韩淑朋  钟锋运  黄启明  白晓  陈子龙 《岩石矿物学杂志》2021,40(6):1074-1092

对钦杭结合带西南段大瑶山东南缘的中晚侏罗世埃达克质花岗岩（165~153 Ma）进行了岩石学、地球化学研究,并探讨了埃达克质和TTG岩类的特征属性。岩石SiO₂含量63.76%~72.13%,总体具高Al₂O₃（Al₂O₃≥15%）、低MgO （<3%）,亏损重稀土元素（HREE）、正Eu异常或弱的负Eu异常,低Y （≤18×10^-6）和Yb （≤1.9×10^-6）,高Sr （>300×10^-6）和Sr/Y值（>20）等埃达克岩独特的地球化学特征。结合区域构造演化分析认为,该侏罗纪埃达克质花岗岩形成于陆内伸展构造背景,为大陆板内加厚（隆起区）的下地壳底部岩石部分熔融的产物,属大陆板内环境I型花岗岩。具有类似于低镁安山岩/闪长岩系列（LMA）和镁安山岩/闪长岩系列（MA）两种高压型TTG亚类的属性,为古俯冲增生带下地壳弧型岩石熔融的继承性特征,与中生代古太平洋俯冲板片熔融过程无关,属非俯冲成因的埃达克/TTG岩类。其空间上与大瑶山东南缘早古生代俯冲增生带高度重合,且与早古生代TTG侵入岩组合紧密相邻,提示它们可能源自于早古生代洋壳俯冲带或大陆边缘弧下地壳玄武质岩石的部分熔融,因而具有洋俯冲成因的特征属性。  相似文献   

新特提斯洋晚白垩世演化特点:来自泽当共国日二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素证据     

张志平  钟康惠  单树成  郑鑫  黄浩震  严钊 《现代地质》2021,35(5):1194-1205

为加深对西藏泽当地区新特提斯洋演化的认识,对西藏泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素及年代学等研究,研究显示:共国日二长花岗岩岩体规模小、岩性稳定,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(90.40±0.68)Ma,属晚白垩世;岩石地球化学具高硅、富铝、富钾、低钛和准铝质钙碱性花岗岩特征;轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素表现为相对富集Rb、K、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,显著亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 708~0.706 284,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.512 689~0.512 716,ε_Nd(t)=2.00~2.51。以上特征表明,位于泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,由正常岛弧岩浆形成,应为晚白垩世新特提斯洋向北俯冲形成的岛弧环境下俯冲带上部地壳部分熔融的产物,其不属于泽当蛇绿岩的组成部分,表明在90 Ma前泽当洋内弧已经消失。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

First Report of Osteoglossiform Fish Huashia from the Cretaceous of Eastern Liaoning,China     

WU Zijie  GAO Fuliang  QIU Longwei  WANG Haipeng  ZHONG Mishan  GAO Yongzhao 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1406-1408

正Objective The Mesozoic strata in eastern Liaoning and southern Jilin are relatively well developed. Liu et al.(1963) studied Lycoptera in North China, and they mentioned the fossils of south Jilin, but they were not included in the study due to the lack of specimens and poor preservation. Ma and Sun(1988) studied fish fossils from the Sankeyushu section in Tonghua, Jilin, and laid the foundation for the study of fish fossils in this area.  相似文献   

基于EMD组合模型的径流多尺度预测     

李福兴  陈伏龙  蔡文静  何朝飞  龙爱华 《地学前缘》2021,28(1):428-437

受全球气候变化与人类活动影响,径流序列愈发呈现出非稳态与非线性特征,为降低由此而引发的预报误差,充分发挥不同模型对提高径流预测精度的优势,针对传统径流预报模型的单一性,以干旱区典型内陆河玛纳斯河为例,采用经验模态分解(EMD)提取径流序列中具有物理含义的信号,得到不同时间尺度的多个固有模态函数(IMF)及1个趋势项,利用 ARIMA模型与GRNN模型分别对不同时间尺度的IMF分量进行模拟,分析径流未来变化趋势。运用多元线性回归法、Spearman相关系数法、平均影响值法筛选大气环流因子作为神经网络模型的输入项,根据子序列的局部频率特点构建组合模型。最后将各IMF分量的预测结果重构,得到径流的最终预测值。单一评价指标无法全面评价模型精度,本文通过构建TOPSIS评价模型对径流预测模型进行定量评估,客观评价模型优度。结果表明:EMD分解能有效提取径流序列中隐含的多时间尺度信号,由趋势项可知玛纳斯河径流量总体呈上升趋势;EMD分解可提高ARIMA模型25%的合格率,但对于高频率分量IMF1、IMF2、IMF3,ARIMA模型的相对误差达到70%以上,预测结果不理想;经过筛选预报因子可有效提高GRNN模型精度,其中MIV法筛选的预报因子最适合玛纳斯河,与EMD-ARIMA组合后的GRNN模型的合格率最高,TOPSIS模型得分也最高。预测结果可作为水资源规划与调度的科学依据,建模思路也可为优化径流预测模型提供新途径。  相似文献   

基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统     

胡小晴  高世臣  张欣  王维  仲鸿儒  周恒 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):296-304

连续消光是指在正交偏光显微镜下,岩石薄片随载物台旋转而发生消光强弱连续变化的现象。作为人工鉴定岩石薄片的重要依据,提取后的连续消光特征可以用于实现岩石薄片的自动分析。结合数字图像处理技术与聚类划分算法,开发出一套能够分割出孔隙、颗粒轮廓,实现颗粒类别划分,并对结果做定量分析的岩石薄片分析系统。从矿物的消光特征本质出发,连续消光特征提取精确与否是能否有效划分颗粒类别的关键环节。因此,针对系统在连续消光特征提取过程中的消光位对齐与消光基值去除操作分别设置了对照组。以鄂尔多斯盆地某区长6段砂岩薄片在正交偏光镜下的角度域序列图像进行实验,结果表明,所开发的基于岩石薄片分析系统能够提取到更为精确的连续消光特征,且该系统定量分析结果与专业人员鉴定结果基本一致。  相似文献   

岷江上游叠溪古滑坡坝—堰塞湖研究进展     

范宣梅  戴岚欣  钟育瑾  李婧娟  王兰生 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):71-84

四川岷江上游叠溪发育有一套厚度超过200 m、保存较为完整的湖相沉积,被定名为叠溪古堰塞湖相沉积,其形成于距今30 ka前,存活了约15 ka,因此记录了青藏高原东缘晚更新世—全新世(包括末次冰期)的重大地质与环境事件。现有研究初步揭示了古堰塞的沉积特征,但对叠溪古滑坡及古堰塞湖形成与演化的系统研究还十分不足。本文通过详细的野外调查,结合现代遥感测绘技术(无人机载LiDAR),构建叠溪古滑坡的三维地质模型,研究了其地质与地貌特征。同时,采用高密度电阻率法ERT,在滑坡体上布设2条长870 m和990 m的测线,探明了滑坡体内部结构特征。通过古堰塞湖相沉积露头和钻孔的调查,结合激光粒度测试,重建了古堰塞湖的范围、规模与沉积特征。在此基础上,通过对古湖相沉积坡面上多级阶地的分析,初步探讨了古堰塞湖的消亡及其对下游史前古聚落变迁的影响。研究结果表明,叠溪古滑坡不仅完全堵塞岷江而且还堵塞了对岸支沟,堆积体方量达到(1 400~2 000)×10⁶ m³。古堰塞湖在滑坡坝后向上游延伸26 km,所形成的最大湖面覆盖面积约21.4 km²,库容蓄水量约1 670×10⁶ m³。叠溪古滑坡-堰塞湖在岷江上游形成了陡峭的河道裂点(Knickpoint),对山区河道与地貌演化具有长期影响。  相似文献   

生态地质研究进展与展望     

聂洪峰  肖春蕾  任伟祥  刘建宇  戴蒙 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):1-8

生态地质学是研究生态系统与地质环境之间关系的一门交叉学科,对国土空间生态保护修复工作有重要理论支撑作用。我国生态地质研究工作虽然经过了多年的发展与积淀,但时至今日生态地质学仍然处于研究和探索阶段。鉴于此,基于前人的大量研究,总结了国内外生态地质研究进展: 国际上,俄罗斯建立了生态地质学研究体系,美国发起的地球关键带研究是与生态地质研究十分契合的主题; 在国内,生态地质研究主要着眼于”生态-地质”相互作用过程与机理以及地质环境影响下的系统性生态修复研究。在此基础上,提出了生态地质学涵义及其研究内容、方法技术创新及学科体系构建思路,以期为服务山水林田湖草沙整体保护、系统修复、综合治理和生态地质系统深化研究提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Discovery and significance of Lizifang metamorphic core complex in Zhuanghe area of southern Liaoning     

ZHONG Mishan  ZHANG Guoren  WU Zijie  GAO Fuliang  MA Ningning  PAN Yuqi  GAO Yongzhao 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):43-50

On the basis of the previous regional geological survey, based on the macroscopic and microscopic structural survey, combined with the comprehensive analysis of the regional magmatic activity and dating data, the authors in this paper revealed that there is another metamorphic core complex structure in Lizifang area of Southern Liaoning, namely Lizifang metamorphic core complex. A typical three-layer structure and five parts exist in the core complex, which are the footwall composed of Neo-archean metamorphic plutonic rocks and mesozoic granite intrusive rocks, the detachment fault zone composed of different levels of tectonic rocks, and the upper plate composed of Precambrian sedimentary cap and Cretaceous extensional basin. Lizifang metamorphic core complex formed in the Early Cretaceous Epoch, and the upper plate moved from NWW to SEE relaive to the footwall, which was similar with Jinzhou metamorphic core complex and Wanfu metamorphic core complex in geometry, kinematics polarity and formation time, indicating the same dynamic background. The determination of the metamorphic core complex may provide a basis for the late Mesozoic lithospheric thinning process and the mechanical and rheological properties of the lithosphere in the east of North China Craton. At the same time, the metamorphic core complex is closely related to the mineralization of gold deposits. So the detachment fault zone of Lizifang metamorphic core complex can serve as the key work area for further gold exploration, which may possess large mineralization potential.  相似文献   

基于数值预报模式的乡镇温度预报方法研究     

吴春英  刘多文  钟博  蒋婷婷  于蕙箐  陈佳美  高燕 《气象与环境学报》2019,(1):108-112

利用2015年8月至2017年7月长兴岛站和交流岛站日最高气温、日最低气温实况资料,对ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报值和日本FSFE02(24 h地面形势场预报)、FSFE03(36 h地面形势场预报)进行了检验。结果表明:根据历史回归统计检验,ECMWF细网格模式24 h的2 m最高气温、最低气温预报效果显著,通过了0. 05信度显著性检验。对各月做相关分析,相关性均较好。利用前一日ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报值与长兴岛站实况差值,根据统计的ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报订正值,做出长兴岛站未来24 h的气温预报。交流岛站温度预报是在长兴岛站温度预报的基础上订正做出,经统计分析,交流岛站和长兴岛站的气温差值与地面形势场和风场有较好的对应关系,根据不同类型的地面形势场和风场订正值,做出交流岛站的温度预报。应用Matlab计算机语言的开发功能,提取ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报的最高、最低气温值,并录入当日长兴岛站和交流岛站最高、最低气温实况值,自动预报各站未来24 h最高气温、最低气温。创建可视化预报工作界面,实现乡镇温度预报自动化。  相似文献