13世纪以来中国海洋盐业动态演变及驱动因素     

鲍俊林  高抒 《地理科学》2019,39(4):596-605

海洋盐业是中国海洋经济的重要部分,也是沿海传统产业之一,13世纪以来不断发展演变。将沿海分为北、东、南3个地带,搜集整理与海盐经济相关的多种历史文献及方志资料,运用地理学方法分析评估了海洋盐业百年尺度的动态演化过程,并比较了资源环境与管理政策的驱动作用及其差异。研究表明：① 沿海盐业表现为传统煎法长期主导、逐步废煎改晒的过程,不同盐区的演化进程存在显著差异,北部盐区最快,东部次之,南部整体发展缓慢;② 海盐生产重心长期位于东部的两淮盐区,19世纪后期向北部盐区快速迁移;③ 资源环境与生态差异促进了各岸段海盐生产演化分异,垄断性管理政策迟滞了海洋盐业的空间集聚进程,未来沿海开发与海洋盐业的可持续发展将主要依靠基于资源生态约束的管理政策与技术。  相似文献   

Succession of the Nanoplankton Community during a Brown Tide in a Scallop Culture Area in China     

Qiao  Ling  Yu  Jie  Li  Ying  Guo  Haobing  Zhen  Yu  Zhang  Lingling  Mi  Tiezhu  Zhang  Fuchong  Bao  Zhenmin 《Ocean Science Journal》2019,54(3):375-392

Ocean Science Journal - Brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens have occurred frequently in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao since 2009. The Changli coast is the area most strongly...  相似文献   

ALMA observations of the circumstellar envelope around EP Aqr     

Pham Thi Tuyet Nhung  Do Thi Hoai  Pham Tuan-Anh  Thibaut Le Bertre  Pierre Darriulat  Pham Ngoc Diep  Nguyen Thi Phuong  Nguyen Thi Thao  Jan Martin Winters 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(3):97-110

Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array(ALMA) observations of CO(1–0) and CO(2–1) emissions from the circumstellar envelope of the asymptotic giant branch(AGB) star EP Aqr have been made with four times better spatial resolution than previously available. They are analysed with emphasis on the de-projection in space of the effective emissivity and flux of matter using as input a prescribed configuration of the velocity field, assumed to be radial. The data are found to display an intrinsic axisymmetry with respect to an axis making a small angle with respect to the line of sight. A broad range of wind configurations, from prolate(bipolar) to oblate(equatorial) has been studied and found to be accompanied by significant equatorial emission. Qualitatively, the effective emissivity is enhanced near the equator to produce the central narrow component observed in the Doppler velocity spectra and its dependence on star latitude generally follows that of the wind velocity with the exception of an omni-present depression near the poles. In particular, large equatorial expansion velocities produce a flared disc or a ring of effective emissivity and mass loss. The effect on the determination of the orientation of the star axis of radial velocity gradients, and possibly competing rotation and expansion in the equatorial disc, is discussed. In general,the flux of matter is found to reach a broad maximum at distances of the order of 500 AU from the star.Arguments are given that may be used to favour one wind velocity distribution over another. As a result of the improved quality of the data, a deeper understanding of the constraints imposed on morphology and kinematics has been obtained.  相似文献   

火星陨石NWA 8716的岩矿学特征及粗粒橄榄石斑晶的来源     

吴蕴华  邓志培  梅苞  徐伟彪 《天文学报》2019,60(4):120-132

火星陨石可以为研究火星岩浆演化过程提供直接证据并限制其源区特征.通常认为含粗粒橄榄石斑晶辉玻无球粒陨石携带有火星原始地幔的信息,因此选取该类样品Northwest Africa (NWA) 8716为研究对象,进行岩相结构及矿物成分分析. NWA8716由橄榄石、辉石、填隙状熔长石以及其他次要矿物组成.其中橄榄石颗粒有两种级别的粒径,长轴分别约为0.5–1.8 mm和50–400μm.较小橄榄石斑晶内部的熔体包裹体和NWA 8716全岩成分(计算值)均显示明显的轻稀土元素亏损([La/Yb]CI值为0.06–0.1),说明NWA 8716源于一个亏损的火星岩浆池.粗粒橄榄石斑晶的来源对衡量该样品是否能够代表原始熔体成分非常重要.对橄榄石晶体的粒径统计分析发现,粗粒橄榄石斑晶应为堆晶.进一步对铁-镁以及稀土元素分配特征的计算表明NWA 8716并非形成于一个封闭系统,但是计算所得原始熔体成分与全岩成分差异不大,因此粗粒橄榄石斑晶应当来源于与母岩浆成分相似的熔体.总的看来, NWA 8716应当来源于亏损型火星幔源区且演化程度较低.  相似文献   

Flash flood susceptibility mapping using a novel deep learning model based on deep belief network,back propagation and genetic algorithm     

Himan Shahabi  Ataollah Shirzadi  Somayeh Ronoud  Shahrokh Asadi  Binh Thai Pham  Fatemeh Mansouripour  Marten Geertsema  John J.Clague  Dieu Tien Bui 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(3):146-168

Flash floods are responsible for loss of life and considerable property damage in many countries.Flood susceptibility maps contribute to flood risk reduction in areas that are prone to this hazard if appropriately used by landuse planners and emergency managers.The main objective of this study is to prepare an accurate flood susceptibility map for the Haraz watershed in Iran using a novel modeling approach(DBPGA) based on Deep Belief Network(DBN) with Back Propagation(BP) algorithm optimized by the Genetic Algorithm(GA).For this task, a database comprising ten conditioning factors and 194 flood locations was created using the One-R Attribute Evaluation(ORAE) technique.Various well-known machine learning and optimization algorithms were used as benchmarks to compare the prediction accuracy of the proposed model.Statistical metrics include sensitivity,specificity accuracy, root mean square error(RMSE), and area under the receiver operatic characteristic curve(AUC) were used to assess the validity of the proposed model.The result shows that the proposed model has the highest goodness-of-fit(AUC = 0.989) and prediction accuracy(AUC = 0.985), and based on the validation dataset it outperforms benchmark models including LR(0.885), LMT(0.934), BLR(0.936), ADT(0.976), NBT(0.974), REPTree(0.811), ANFIS-BAT(0.944), ANFIS-CA(0.921), ANFIS-IWO(0.939), ANFIS-ICA(0.947), and ANFIS-FA(0.917).We conclude that the DBPGA model is an excellent alternative tool for predicting flash flood susceptibility for other regions prone to flash floods.  相似文献   

A multi-scale 3-D crust velocity model in the Hefei-Chao Lake area around the southern segment of Tanlu Fault Zone          下载免费PDF全文

Lingli Li  Huajian Yao  Song Luo  Junhui Li  Xiaoli Wang  Hongyu Ni  Ziwen Bao 《地震科学（英文版）》2021,34(4):344-357

Regional high-precision velocity models of the crust are an important foundation for examining seismic activity, seismogenic environments, and disaster distribution characteristics. The Hefei-Chao Lake area contains the main geological units of Hefei Basin, with thick sediments and the Chao Lake depression. Several major concealed faults of the southern NNE-trending Tanlu Fault Zone cross this area. To further explore the underground distribution characteristics of the faults and their tectonic evolutionary relationship with adjacent tectonic units, this study used ambient noise data recorded by a seismic array deployed in Hefei City and Chao Lake, constructing a 3-D velocity model at the depth of 1–8 km. Then a multi-scale high-resolution 3-D velocity model of this area was constructed by this new upper crustal velocity model with the previous middle and lower crustal model. The new model reveals that a high-velocity belt is highly consistent with the strike of the Tanlu Fault Zone, and a low-velocity sedimentary characteristic is consistent with the Hefei Basin and Chao Lake depression. The distribution morphology of high and low velocity bodies shows that the sedimentary pattern of Hefei-Chao Lake area is closely related to the tectonic evolution of the Tanlu Fault Zone since the Mesozoic. This study also identifies multiple low-velocity anomalies in the southeastern Hefei City. We speculate that strong ground motion during the 2009 Feidong earthquake (magnitude of 3.5) was related to amplification by the thick sediments in the Hefei Basin. We also discuss further applications of multi-scale high-resolution models of the shallow layer to strong ground motion simulations in cities and for earthquake disaster assessments.  相似文献   

面向LiDAR/Radar松组合的迭代加权IEKF-BP组合算法精度分析     

宋宝  柯福阳  赵兴旺 《测绘通报》2021,(2):44-48

为了验证目前高精度定位中多传感器组合定位模型性能的优越性,以更好地解决自动驾驶场景下自主定位中出现的预测精度标准不一致、预测不及时及误预测率高等问题,本文利用LiDAR与Radar数据,建立了一种基于迭代加权的IEKF-BP组合算法的松组合模型,并对两种传感器组合定位结果精度进行了分析.试验表明,迭代加权的IEKF-B...  相似文献   

河南省人工增雨飞机云微物理探测设计     

黄毅梅  濮江平  邵振平  鲍向东 《气象科技》2014,42(5):893-896

人工增雨是一项研究型业务,飞机外场作业、探测是它的重点,只有根据一定目的方案设计下才能体现探测、作业资料的研究价值。根据河南省人工增雨作业、探测分析研究的需要并结合行业专项飞机探测,探讨了5种云微物理探测目的及相应飞机探测设计:1典型锋面云系垂直剖面结构探测;2降水性层状云垂直结构探测;3人工增雨催化作业效果检验飞行探测;4云中过冷水探测;5催化剂在云中的扩散及其物理响应的探测。以2013年3月25日飞机人工增雨探测为例,探讨了飞行探测人工增雨的催化作业效果检验。  相似文献   

区域农业用地营养盐剩余量的长期变化研究   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

许朋柱  秦伯强  香宝  单正军  BEHRENDT Horst  黄文钰 《地理科学》2006,26(6):668-673

根据太湖南部长兴县农业统计资料,对该地区1949~2002年农业用地上N、P的剩余量作出评估。评估结果认为,1949~2002年期间,单位农业用地面积的N、P剩余量具有显著地增加趋势。20世纪50及60年代期间,N的剩余量增加缓慢,自70年代中期以后增加迅速。1996年达到历史最大值。1996年后,N剩余量呈现减少趋势。60年代初期以前,P处于亏损状态。1975~1980年期间,P剩余量呈现缓慢增长趋势,其后出现回落,自80年代中期以后出现迅速增加趋势。1992~1998年期间,P剩余量维持在35~45 kg/(hm²·a)之间的高水平变化,自1999年以后出现显著回落。  相似文献   

实时子结构实验Chang算法的稳定性和精度   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

吴斌  保海娥 《地震工程与工程振动》2006,26(2):41-48

与慢速拟动力子结构实验相比,实时子结构实验的优点在于它能真实地反映速度相关型试件的特性。实时子结构实验的逐步积分算法通常借用拟动力算法,但是目前液压伺服作动器很难实现速度反馈控制,因而试件速度不能实现原算法的假定值,这样一来算法的稳定性和计算精度将发生改变。台湾学者S.Y.Chang提出一种无条件稳定的显式拟动力算法,本文分析了这种方法应用于实时子结构实验时的稳定性和计算精度。研究发现在实时子结构实验中该方法由无条件稳定变成了有条件稳定的,精度也发生了改变。  相似文献