Bedrock morphology and structures within overlying sediments,Start Bay,Southwest England,determined by continuous seismic profiling,side-scan sonar,and core sampling     

Nigel C. KellandJohn R. Hails 《Marine Geology》1972

The bedrock morphology of Start Bay, Southwest England, and the Structures within overlying sediments have been determined by a combined geophysical and geological survey. It has been established that the Skerries Bank consists of a drape of possibly coarse, unconsolidated material (bank deposits) overlying medium- to fine-grained silty sand (bay deposits). A break of slope in the bedrock surface, traced along the entire length of the Bay, and a step profile in the southern part of the Bay, may be either a legacy of submerged topography produced by vigorous tidal action, or alternatively the product of subaerial and marine processes. Other significant geological features in the Bay include infilled valleys, and “terraces” possibly pertaining to relict barrier beaches.  相似文献   

Immunological characterization of metallothionein in marine and freshwater fish     

K. Hylland  C. Haux  C. Hogstrand 《Marine environmental research》1995,39(1-4)

Metallothionein (MT) is a low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich, metalbinding protein found in all vertebrates. The primary structure of the protein is evolutionary conserved, especially the location of cysteine-residues. There are nonetheless significant differences between MTs from different vertebrate classes, notably in major antigenic epitopes. Previous work has shown that MT from different fish species also differ. The objective of the present work was to characterize MT from temperate, sub-tropical and tropical fish species by their relative reactivities with two anti-fish MT antisera. One or both antisera cross-reacted with MT from all fish species investigated. Surprisingly, the relative reactivities of the two antisera with MT from species belonging to different taxonomic groups appeared to reflect differences at the level of family rather than differences between major phylogenetic lineages.  相似文献   

Zinc concentration effect at the organismal,cellular and subcellular levels in the eastern oyster     

Meiller JC  Bradley BP 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):401-404

The purpose of this research was to demonstrate a concentration effect of zinc exposure at organismal, cellular and sub-cellular levels in the eastern oyster and to find associated protein expression signatures (PES) for each concentration of zinc. Oysters were exposed to six concentrations of zinc for 48 h in a controlled environment. At the organismal level, fecal material was observed as a measure of physiological health during metal exposures. At the cellular level, lysosomal destabilization was measured using hemolymph. This cellular response was significant only at the highest concentration, when the fecal index was lowest. Protein responses were monitored in the oyster following exposure to zinc. Gill tissue was excised and homogenized, and then analyzed using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and digital image analysis. Protein expression signatures were found to be specific to each concentration. The protein responses were linked to the other biological parameters measured, each of which followed a concentration gradient of zinc.  相似文献   

Numerical experiments on the four-dimensional assimilation of the observation data derived in the Black Sea in June 1984 on the basis of a numerical energy-balanced model     

S. G. Demyshev  G. K. Korotaev 《Physical Oceanography》1993,4(3):193-205

A procedure for the four-dimensional (4D) analysis of the hydrophysical fields in the Black Sea with an assimilation of the temperature and salinity (T, S) data was realized on the basis of a numerical model which involves the primitive equations of motion, and the heat and salt advection equations. Two experiments were carried out which differed by the observation data assimilation procedure. Analysis has shown that the observation data assimilation procedure realized using the energy-balanced model allows the reproduction of some synoptic features of the circulation in the Black Sea. A comparison of two computations demonstrates the efficiency of assimilating the measurement data on the basis of the 4D analysis as compared with the sequential objective analysis.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.  相似文献   

Contaminant concentrations and toxicity of sea-surface microlayer near Los Angeles, California     

Jeffrey N. Cross  John T. Hardy  Jo Ellen Hose  G.Patrick Hershelman  Liam D. Antrim  Richard W. Gossett  Eric A. Crecelius 《Marine environmental research》1987,23(4)

Sea-surface microlayer samples were collected from six nearshore areas receiving different amounts of anthropogenic inputs. The samples were analyzed for selected trace metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The relative toxicities of the samples were determined with fish embryo bioassays.Contaminant concentrations generally increased from offshore to the inshore stations. Contaminant concentrations were several orders of magnitude higher in microlayer samples from the highly industrialized Los Angeles and Long Beach harbors compared to samples from a site 15km offshore. Microlayer samples from the inshore stations were significantly more toxic, and induced significantly more developmental abnormalities and chromosome aberrations, than samples from the offshore stations.  相似文献   

钝顶螺旋藻部分原生质体及单细胞的制备与培养   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

秦松  王希华  童顺  曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(1):109-112

于1992年1月-1994年4月，进行超声波处理方法制备钝顶螺旋藻部分原生质体以作为基因工程受体，以及制备单细胞用于固体平板克隆化培养的研究。研究结果表明：超声波以20kHz频率、15W功率作用30s，可使藻丝体断裂成15．0±1．6个细胞长度；延长作用时间，至2－6个细胞长度时，细胞壁结构遭到破坏，形成部分原生质体；继续作用，可形成少量原生质体和大量单细胞。断裂藻丝体、部分原生质体、单细胞以及原生质体均可涂布于固体培养基上再生或生长。以一定密度涂布单细胞与原生质体，能够形成彼此分开的单个克隆，可用于筛选及遗传分析。本文提供了一种节省溶菌酶的制备螺旋藻透性体的方法，超声波作用利于外源基因的导入，而涂布培养利于进一步的筛选和形成克隆。  相似文献   

Serum biochemical and cellular responses to experimental cupric ion challenge in mussels     

G.V. Pickwell  S.A. Steinert 《Marine environmental research》1984,14(1-4)

Our intent has been to develop rapid and sensitive bioassay procedures for laboratory and field applications based on hemolymph factors in animals such as the bay mussel, Mytilus edulis. We found that mussel hemolymph could be easily and repeatedly sampled from individual animals in sufficient amounts to allow analyses for lysozyme, proteolytic activity, total protein and hemocyte counts. In static tests there seemed to be graded responses indicating release of increasing amounts of the above factors into the hemolymph in roughly direct proportion to Cu²⁺ concentration at lethal and sublethal levels. We interpreted this to be evidence for increased lysosomal and cellular disruption as cupric ion exposure was increased or prolonged. At the same time, Cu²⁺ concentrations in the mussel hemolymph increased up to an order of magnitude above ambient in the range of 26 to 267 ppb. We felt that this was evidence for the release of Cu-binding proteins into the mussel hemolymph. Simultaneously with the above events the serum granulocytes increased in numbers above control values by factors of 3 or 4 in response to copper challenge while macrophage (terminology of Moore & Lowe, 1977) counts, including controls, declined precipitously.  相似文献   

On the 75th anniversary of the Department of Atmospheric Physics of St. Petersburg State University     

G. S. Golitsyn  Yu. M. Timofeev 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2007,43(4):397-398

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Influences of wave stretching on the response of wave-excited offshore platforms     

G.D. Hahn 《Ocean Engineering》1994,21(6)

Critical examinations are reported for the effects of wave stretching on realistic representations of the wave forces that act on offshore structures. Examinations are also made for the importance of such effects on the corresponding structural responses, and it is demonstrated that the effects of stretching on the governing wave forces and the resulting structural responses are small, indicating that they can be ignored in design practice. Valuable insight is further provided into the definition of the wave excitation, and physical interpretations are made which show that the actions of stretching cannot materially influence the governing excitation and the corresponding structural response.  相似文献   

Mean current velocity measurement from a movable base     

N. P. Bulgakov  V. I. Remchukov  A. G. Evgushchenko 《Physical Oceanography》1994,5(5):395-399

This paper discusses the possibility of measurement of the current velocity vector characteristics averaged over the time of continuous regular down-up probings from a moving carrier. The measurements can be carried out either from a moving vessel or from a helicopter, floating on or hovering above the sea surface. As an illustration for the suggested technique,in situ observations compiled by a free-component (±XYZ) VEGA-3 probe in the Guiana current region in March 1990 are provided. Comparison of the results with buoy data shows good agreement within the accuracy limits of the instruments employed.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin.  相似文献