Optimal design and seismic performance of tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) for structures with nonlinear base isolation systems          下载免费PDF全文

Dario De Domenico  Giuseppe Ricciardi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(12):2539-2560

The tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) couples the classical tuned mass damper (TMD) with an inerter, a mechanical device whose generated force is proportional to the relative acceleration between its terminals, thus providing beneficial mass‐amplification effects. This paper deals with a dynamic layout in which the TMDI is installed below the isolation floor of base‐isolated structures in order to enhance the earthquake resilience and reduce the displacement demand. Unlike most of the literature studies that assumed a linearized behavior of the isolators, the aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the TMDI while accounting for the nonlinearity of the isolators. Two nonlinear constitutive behaviors are considered, a Coulomb friction model and a Bouc‐Wen hysteretic model, representative of friction pendulum and of lead‐rubber‐bearing isolators, respectively. Optimal design is based on the stochastic dynamic analysis of the system, by modeling the base acceleration as a Kanai‐Tajimi filtered stationary random process and resorting to the stochastic linearization technique to handle the nonlinear terms. Different tuning criteria based on displacement, acceleration, and energy‐based performance indices are defined, and their implications in a design process are discussed. It is proven that the improved robustness of the TMDI reduces its performance sensitivity to the tuning frequency and to the earthquake frequency content, which are well‐known shortcomings of TMD‐like systems. This important feature makes the TMDI particularly suitable for nonlinear base‐isolated structures that are affected by unavoidable uncertainties in the isolators' properties and that may experience changes of isolators effective stiffness depending on the excitation level.  相似文献   

Geophysical interpretation of a high-resolution seismic refraction profile in the Northern Apennines     

Giancarlo Biella  Roberto De  Franco  Martina Demartin  Riccardo Barzaghi  Fernando Sanso  Domenico Sguerso 《地学学报》1994,6(1):45-53

A combined seismic and gravimetric interpretation in the Northern Apennines area (Italy) is presented. To the knowledge of the authors, this is one of the few attempts to apply tomographic methodology to a seismic refraction profile. This procedure, together with the classical interpretation for defining lower reflectors, led to the formulation of quite an accurate model of the upper crust. A gravity analysis was performed concurrently taking into account the seismic results at different depths which correspond to different frequency domains in the gravity signal. While the medium- and high-frequency patterns have been solved by trial-and-error, the regional trend has been modelled applying the collocation procedure to the gravity data.  相似文献   

3D geoelectric tomography and archaeological applications1     

Paolo Mauriello  Dario Monna  Domenico Patella 《Geophysical Prospecting》1998,46(5):543-570

Following a previous paper in which the principles of a 3D ground-surface tomographic processing of self-potential data were established, we extend the method to active source geoelectric surveying. The main purpose of the new tomographic approach is to obtain a physical image reconstruction of the induced electric charges distributed over buried resistivity discontinuities. The information is produced in a probabilistic sense, as the mathematical formulation underlying the method treats only the intrinsic physical nature of the generated electric field underground and the method of its ground-surface detection, independently of the geometry of the unknown structures. In practice, a 3D tomography is realized by cross-correlating a set of distributed electric-field ground-surface data with a scanning function, representing a unit positive point charge located anywhere in the lower half-space. The resolution of the method is tested on the synthetic response of a 3D structural simulation of an archaeological target, consisting of an infinitely resistive prismatic body immersed in a half-space, including surface inhomogeneities and layering. Finally, the field response of a 3D structure consisting of a hypogeal dromos-chamber tomb inside the Sabine Necropolis at Colle del Forno, close to Rome, is presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Lateral structure of the subducting pacific plate beneath the Hokkaido corner from intermediate and deep earthquakes     

Paul R. Lundgren  Domenico Giardini 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1990,134(3):385-404

We present a study of the lateral structure and mode of deformation in the transition between the Kuril and Honshu subduction zones. We begin by examining the source characteristics of the January 19, 1969, intermediate depth earthquake north of Hokkaido in the framework of slab-tearing, which for the December 6, 1978 event has been well documented by previous studies. We use a least-squares body wave inversion technique, and find that its focal mechanism is comparable to the 1978 event. To understand the cause of these earthquakes, which in the case of the 1978 event occurred on a vertical tear fault but does not represent hinge faulting, we examine the available International Seismological Centre [ISC] hypocenters and Harvard centroid-moment tensor [CMT] solutions to determine the state of stress, and lateral structure and segmentation in the Kuril and northern Honshu slabs. These data are evaluated in the framework of two models. Model (A) requires the subducting slab at the Hokkaido corner to maintain surface area. Model (B) requires slab subduction to be dominated by gravity, with material subducting in the down-dip direction. The distribution of ICS hypocenters shows a gap in deep seismicity down-dip of the Hokkaido corner, supporting model (B). From the CMT data set we find that three types of earthquake focal mechanisms occur. The first (type A) represents dip-slip mechanisms consistent with down-dip tension or compression in the slab in a direction normal to the strike of the trench. These events occur throughout the Honshu and Kuril slabs with focal mechanisms beneath Hokkaido showing NNW plungingP andT axes consistent with the local slab geometry. The second (type B) occurs primarily at depths over 300 km in the southern part of the Kuril slab with a few events in the northern end of the Honshu deep seismicity. These earthquakes have focal mechanisms with P axes oriented roughly E-W, highly oblique to the direction of compression found in the type A events, with which they are spatially interspersed. The third (type C) group of earthquakes are those events which do not fit in either of the first two groups and consist of either strike-slip focal mechanisms, such as the tearing events, or oddly oriented focal mechanisms. Examination of the stress axes orientations for these three types reveals that the compressional axes of the type C events are consistent with those of type B. The slab tearing events are just differential motion reflecting the E-W compressive states of stress which is responsible for the type B family of events. There is no need to invoke down-dip extension which does not fit the slab geometry. We conclude that these two states of stress can be explained as follows: 1) The type A events and the seismicity distribution support model (B). 2) The type B and C events upport model (A). The solution is that the slab subducts according to model (B), but the flow in the mantle maintains a different trajectory, possibly induced by the plate motions, which produces the second state of E-W compressive stress.  相似文献   

Self-potential global tomography including topographic effects     

D. Patella 《Geophysical Prospecting》1998,46(1):103-103

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Earthquakes in Switzerland and surrounding regions during 2011     

Nicholas Deichmann  John Clinton  Stephan Husen  Benjamin Edwards  Florian Haslinger  Donat F?h  Domenico Giardini  Philipp K?stli  Urs Kradolfer  Stefan Wiemer 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2012,105(3):463-476

This report of the Swiss Seismological Service summarizes the seismic activity in Switzerland and surrounding regions during 2011. During this period, 522 earthquakes and 92 quarry blasts were detected and located in the region under consideration. With a total of only 10 events with M _L????2.5, the seismic activity in the year 2011 was far below the average over the previous 36?years. Most noteworthy were the earthquake sequence of Sierre (VS) in January, with two events of M _L 3.3 and 3.2, the M _L 3.3 earthquake at a depth of 31?km below Bregenz, and the M _L 3.1 event near Delémont. The two strongest events near Sierre produced shaking of intensity IV.  相似文献   

Three‐dimensional to two‐dimensional cross‐strata transition in the lower Pleistocene Catanzaro tidal strait transgressive succession (southern Italy)     

Sergio G. Longhitano  Domenico Chiarella  Francesco Muto 《Sedimentology》2014,61(7):2136-2171

Sandstone tidal cross‐strata are the predominant sedimentary feature of strait‐fill stratigraphic successions. However, although widely described in numerous studies, tidal strait‐fill two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional cross‐strata have rarely been reported to occur in discrete intervals which are laterally adjacent or vertically stacked, and the meaning of this stratigraphic architecture has not yet been fully investigated. Understanding of the processes responsible for changes in the internal features of modern and ancient tidal bedforms is essential in order to predict lateral and vertical heterogeneities in analogous reservoir strata. This facies‐based study aims to interpret the three‐dimensional to two‐dimensional cross‐strata transition observed in the lower Pleistocene mixed siliciclastic/bioclastic sandstone filling the Catanzaro Strait, in southern Italy, during a continuous phase of tectonically driven marine transgression. Tidal cross‐strata disappear in the uppermost interval of the studied succession, where mudstone strata prevail. This stratigraphic trend is interpreted as the evidence of an important change in the tidal strait hydrodynamics due to a phase of relative sea‐level rise. At the beginning of the transgression, three‐dimensional tidal dunes migrated throughout the ca 3 to 4 km wide and ca 30 km long, WNW–ESE‐oriented Catanzaro Strait, due to strong tidal currents amplified through the seaway and flowing in semi‐diurnal phase opposition. As the intermediate phase of transgression enlarged the seaway width, the tidal current strength decreased as tidal water exchange occurred over a larger cross‐sectional area. The progressive reduction of the bed shear stress modified three‐dimensional tidal dunes into an extensive two‐dimensional bedform field. At the end of the transgression, the further widening of the Catanzaro Strait into a ca 10 to 12 km wide marine passageway changed the tidally dominated strait into a non‐tidal open shelf. The results of this research suggest the presence of a ‘critical cross‐sectional area’ in the narrowest strait‐centre zone which controls the activation and deactivation of tidal current amplification along a marine seaway.  相似文献   

Could the Twin Towers collapse teach the interaction of dilute pyroclastic density currents with buildings?     

Domenico Maria Doronzo 《Natural Hazards》2010,55(2):177-179

Particle-laden turbulent flows, called dilute pyroclastic density currents, can be generated during explosive volcanic eruptions. They are the most hazardous events of interaction with buildings and human environments in volcanic areas. A qualitative comparison with the dusty turbulent shear currents generated after the Twin Towers collapse on September 11, 2001 shows that turbulent, multiphase flow-building interaction causes flow separation and recirculation around the buildings. This simple idea could be applied to dilute pyroclastic density currents, and improved in future by adhoc numerical simulations of flow-building interaction.  相似文献   

Migration of geothermal fluids in extensional terrains: the ore deposits of the Boccheggiano-Montieri area (southern Tuscany, Italy)     

Domenico Liotta  Giovanni Ruggieri  Andrea Brogi  Paolo Fulignati  Andrea Dini  Isabella Nardini 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(3):623-644

An integrated study based on fluid inclusion, δ¹⁸O composition and structural analyses was carried out on a Pliocene fossil hydrothermal system, located to the South of the present active Larderello geothermal field, in the Boccheggiano-Montieri area. The study area is typified by mineralized cataclastic levels related to Late Oligocene–Early Miocene thrust surfaces, and to the following two generations of normal faults of Miocene and Pliocene ages, respectively. Within the damage zone of the Pliocene Boccheggiano fault, the mineralization is mainly made up of quartz and pyrite. Quartz + Pb–Zn sulfides, or quartz + Pb–Zn sulfides + fluorite + carbonates assemblages occur instead in the older cataclastic levels. Two generations of liquid-rich fluid inclusions were recognized in quartz and fluorite: the first one, with homogenization temperatures ranging between 172 and 331°C and salinity between 0.0 and 8.8 wt.% NaCl_equiv., records the early stage of hydrothermal activity. The second generation of fluid inclusions documents a later stage, with homogenization temperature from 124 to 288°C and salinity from 0.2 to 1.9 wt.% NaCl_equiv.. Fluid inclusions analyses also indicate that mixing of fluid with distinct salinities and/or temperatures was a widespread process during the early stage, and that fluid temperatures decreased moving from the Boccheggiano fault toward the more distal and older cataclastic levels. The δ¹⁸O values of water in equilibrium with hydrothermal quartz, which range from −5.7 to −0.1‰, are related to the circulation of meteoric water mixed with saline water that leached the evaporite level and enriched in δ¹⁸O through water–rock interaction, and/or with magmatically derived fluids. Results indicate that the damage zone of the Pliocene Boccheggiano fault represented the main channel for the flow of meteoric water, which was heated at depth, then mixed with high salinity fluids, and finally ascend to infiltrate along the older cataclastic levels. Our results, based on fluid inclusions, oxygen isotopic compositions and structural analyses indicate that a single fluid flow path run through the damage zone of the Boccheggiano fault and the older cataclasites, which were thus hydraulically connected.  相似文献   

Diagnostics,deterioration and provenance of stone materials from the Jefferson Page tomb (Non-Catholic Cemetery of Rome,Italy)     

Domenico Miriello  Marco Malagodi  Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo  Mauro Francesco La Russa  Gino Mirocle Crisci  Antonino Pezzino  Rita Galluccio  Donatella Barca  Elisa Marasco 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(4):829-836

The monumental tomb of Jefferson Page, an officer in the American Navy, was built in 1899 and is located in the Non-Catholic Cemetery of Rome (Italy). This study presents complementary diagnostic studies characterizing the stone of the tomb and the weathering and decay phenomena it has undergone. The monument is made of a single type of whitish marble, variously veined and often covered with black patinas. Petrographic, isotopic and LA-ICP-MS analyses attribute the marble to the Carrara district. SEM/EDS and microbiological analyses indicate that the black patinas are due to cyanobacterial autotrophic and fungin heterotrophic colonization. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of organic material on some portions of the tomb, due to undocumented restoration carried out with a mixture of marble powder and a polyester resin.  相似文献