菜田施肥(化肥)对地下水氮污染影响的实验研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

董悦安  沈照理  钟佐 《地球科学》1999,24(1):101-104

为研究菜田施肥（化肥）对地下水氮污染的影响,进行了２个土柱模拟菜田施肥（化肥）残存量的实验．结果表明,土柱中化肥残存量的７２．０８％和４７．４４％从渗出水中流出．依据实验数据将实验过程分为３个可能阶段：第１阶段,化肥中的ＮＨ＋４被土壤吸附,并交换出土壤中的Ｋ＋＋Ｎａ＋,Ｃａ２＋和Ｍｇ２＋,使之进入渗出水中;第２阶段,为硝化作用增强的阶段,表现为土柱渗出水中ＮＯ－３的质量浓度比注入水有大幅度增加;第３阶段,为硝化作用强度减弱的阶段,表现为渗出水中ＮＯ－３的质量浓度比注入水增加的幅度减小．  相似文献   

The Lower Changjiang (Yangzi/Yangtze River) metallogenic belt, east central China: intrusion- and wall rock-hosted Cu–Fe–Au, Mo, Zn, Pb, Ag deposits     

Yuanming Pan  Ping Dong 《Ore Geology Reviews》1999,15(4):693

The lower valley of Changjiang, from Wuhan of the Hubei Province in the west to Zhenjiang of the Jiangsu Province in the east, contains more than 200 polymetallic (Cu–Fe–Au, Mo, Zn, Pb, Ag) deposits and is one of the most important metallogenic belts in China. This metallogenic belt, situated at the northern margin of the Yangzi craton and bordered by the Dabieshan ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt to the north, consists mainly of Cambrian–Triassic marine clastic sedimentary rocks and carbonate and evaporite rocks, which overlay a Precambrian basement and are intruded by Yanshanian (205 to 64 Ma) granitoid intrusions and subvolcanic complexes. Repeated tectonism from Late Proterozoic to Triassic resulted in extensively developed networks of faults and folds involving the Cambrian–Triassic sedimentary strata and the Precambrian basement. The Yanshanian granitoid intrusions and subvolcanic complexes in the Lower Changjiang metallogenic belt are characterized by whole-rock δ¹⁸O of +8‰ to +10‰, initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of 0.704 to 0.708, and εNd^t from −10 to −17 and have been interpreted to have originated from mixing between juvenile mantle and old crustal materials. Also, the Yanshanian granitoids exhibit eastward younging and increase in alkalinity (i.e., from older calc–alkaline in the west to younger subalkaline–alkaline in the east), which are related to oblique collision between the Yangzi and Sino-Korean cratons and tectonic evolution from early compressional to late extensional or rifting regimes. Most polymetallic deposits in the Lower Changjiang metallogenic belt are clustered in seven districts where the Yanshanian magmatism is particularly extensive: from west to east, Edong, Jiurui, Anqing–Guichi, Luzhong, Tongling, Ningwu and Ningzhen. Mineralization is characterized by the occurrence of three distinct types of orebodies in individual deposits: orebodies in Yanshanian granitoid intrusions, skarn orebodies at the contact zones between the Yanshanian intrusions and Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, and stratabound massive sulfide orebodies in the Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic sedimentary strata. The most important host sedimentary strata are the Middle Carboniferous Huanglong Formation, Lower Permian and Lower–Middle Triassic carbonate and evaporite rocks. The intrusion-hosted and skarn orebodies exhibit well-developed zonation in alteration assemblages, metal contents, and isotopic compositions within individual deposits, and apparently formed from hydrothermal activities related to the Yanshanian magmatism. The stratabound massive sulfide orebodies in the Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic sedimentary strata have long been suggested to have formed from sedimentary or volcano-sedimentary exhalative processes in shallow marine environments. However, extensive research over the last 40 years failed to produce unequivocal evidence for syngenetic mineralization. On the basis of geological relationships and isotope geochemical characteristics, we propose a carbonate-hosted replacement deposit model for the genesis of these stratabound massive sulfide orebodies and associated skarn orebodies. This model suggests that epigenetic mineralization resulted from interactions between magmatic fluids evolved from the Yanshanian intrusions with carbonate and evaporite wall rocks. Mineralization was an integral but distal part of the larger hydrothermal systems that formed the proximal skarn orebodies at the contact zones and the intrusion-hosted orebodies. The stratabound massive sulfide deposits of the Lower Changjiang metallogenic belt share many features with the well-studied, high-temperature, carbonate-hosted replacement deposits of northern Mexico and western United States, particularly with respect to association with small, shallow granitoid complexes, structural and stratigraphic controls on mineralization, alteration assemblages, geometry of orebodies, metal association, metal zonation and isotopic systematics.  相似文献   

矿产资源评价中的成矿信息提取与综合技术   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19  

肖克炎  朱裕生  张晓华  宋国耀  陈郑辉 《矿床地质》1999,18(4):379-384

矿产资源评价就是运用最新的成矿理论及评价技术对地质调查所获取的信息资料进行了全面的综合分析,科学地评价矿产在位置,数量,质量等,国际地科联于７０年代推广６种基本矿放资源评价方法以来,矿产资源评价理论技术得到了很大发展,同时现代矿产勘查积累了大量的找矿资料,如何在新的成矿理论指导下,使这些宝贵资料在成矿分析中发挥最大效能是一项重要课题,本文综述了目前成矿信息提取与综合的研究现状,并讨论了相应的几个问  相似文献   

矿物粉尘表面活性位及其变化分析   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

董发勤  万朴  冯启明  宋功保  彭同江  李平  李国武 《岩石矿物学杂志》1999,18(3):264-272

本文通过酸碱蚀,强机械力和极性分子等表面作用,利用红外吸收光谱手段分析了７放物粉尘的表面基团裸露,转化过程,总结了矿物粉尘表面存在的基团类型及其表面活性位的分布及在不同环境条件下的转化,对讨论粉尘生物活性及矿物表面／细胞物理化学作用过程有重要意义。  相似文献   

利用膨润土与工业废渣制轻质保温材料     

蒋引珊  董振亮  徐长耀  王玉洁 《岩石矿物学杂志》1999,18(4):357-361

本文介绍了利用膨润土、钙质造纸废渣制备轻质保温材料的研究,分析了膨润土在轻质保温材料制备中的作用,优选出制备轻质保温材料的配方和工艺。该材料的导热系数为０ ．１７１ Ｗ／ｍ·Ｋ,抗压强度约为９ ．３７ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２ ,容重为０ ．４９ ｇ／ｃｍ３ 。  相似文献   

纤维水镁石在氨基酸水溶液中的电化学及溶解作用研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

李国武  董发勤  万朴  彭同江  宋功宝 《矿物学报》1999,19(3):286-292

在模拟人体温度３７℃条件下,进行水镁石纤维粉尘与氨基酸作用的实验研究,测定在７２ｈ内溶液过程中ｐＨ值的电导率的变化,结果表明,纤维矿物在氨基酸中发生了有机配合作用,并且中性氨基酸对矿物的溶解能力最强。  相似文献   

海湾扇贝对海水池塘浮游生物和水质的影响   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

董双林  王芳  王俊  齐振雄  卢静 《海洋学报》1999,21(6):138-144

滤食性贝类可从天然水体和养殖水体中滤取大量的浮游物,并将滤食的物质以组织生长、粪便、排泄物等形式重新分配,进而对水质状况产生直接或间接的影响。已有的报道表明,滤食性贝类较多的湖区、海区浮游植物的数量、叶绿素a含量明显减少[1,2],浮游物颗粒规格的结构也会发生变化[3],水柱中小型浮游动物、细菌及水体的水流速度等也会受到一定的影响[4,5]。  相似文献   

青岛滨海地质旅游   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁东  李晓红 《海岸工程》1999,18(2):90-93

青岛滨海旅游具有丰富的地质资源,合理地开发会使其具有专业特色,娱乐性和趣味性。滨海地质旅游将促进旅游业的发展,在向现代化国际城市中发挥作用。  相似文献   

工程设计Weibull分布参数拟合的改进方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董胜 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(1)

图解法是求解Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布中３个可调参数的传统方法。但参数的推求过程要图解试求,反复调整,最后结果往往不是最佳拟合参数;线性最小二乘法是最近几年提出的一种求解Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布参数的方法,但其精度受位置参数初始迭代值的影响很大。文中运用麦奎尔特法推求Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布的参数,实现了参数推求的一举寻优。算例表明,拟合方法可行实用,拟合精度明显提高。  相似文献   

长江三峡库区秭归杨林桥镇震群成因     

董建辉  叶浩  徐玉聪  刘华清 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(6):34-40

对三峡数字地震台网记录的2016年3—6月三峡工程库区秭归库段杨林桥镇小震群进行双差精定位,通过Snoke方法计算该震群中较大地震的震源机制解,并结合野外宏观调查等方法,分析震源参数的时空变化特征。结果表明:杨林桥镇小震群密集分布在2 km×3 km矩形范围内,有较明显的展布方向,但与邻近的仙女山断裂、九畹溪断裂和天阳坪断裂走向不一致;震群距长江干流超过10 km,与三峡水库无水利联系,无相关性;震群展布方向上有岩溶洞分布,且降雨丰富,初步判断成因类型为岩溶塌陷型。  相似文献