海洋微生物学的主要任务     

A.E.科利斯 《海洋与湖沼》1958,1(2):337-343

海——微生物栖息的特殊环境。特殊的盐类成分,低温,高压,低浓度的有机物质,植物及动物区系的稀少等组成了微生物生命活动的广阔海洋区域一些主要生态特征。 海洋中最初的微生物学研究,早在上一世纪就已进行了,但足它们局限于较狭小的任务——  相似文献   

Responses of a Mediterranean soft bottom community to short-term (1993-1996) hydrological changes in the Rhone river   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Salen-Picard C  Arlhac D  Alliot E 《Marine environmental research》2003,55(5):409-427

The polychaete fauna of muddy bottoms off the Rhone delta (NW Mediterranean) was seasonally sampled at two sites at 70 m depth, from 1993 to 1996. During this period, five severe flood events occurred. A clustering analysis (distance coefficient of Whittaker) and three way fixed factor ANOVAs (site x season x year) showed strong year-to-year changes in species density and community structure, changes that masked seasonal variations. Total density increased by a factor of 3 and density of most species significantly increased following the first flooding event. Changes in the community structure were due to the successive dominance of a few species. The opportunistic species, such as Cossura sp., Mediomastus sp. and Polycirrus sp., exhibited peaks in density 1-3 months after the flood. These peaks were followed by a drastic decline. For species with a long life span, such as Sternaspis scutata, a slower but continuous increase in density was observed which was maintained for several months. The density fluctuations of these species exhibited a good correlation with river flow with time lags of 1-2 years. The successional dynamics observed are explained according to the geographical origin of the floods and the biology and feeding ecology of species.  相似文献   

沿海与内陆地下卤水对比分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

焦超颖  何远胜  张旻 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(Z3)

分析对比我国滨海与内陆地下卤水的分布、成因及其水文地球化学特征，指出不同成因的地下卤水具有不同的水质．  相似文献   

闽南—台湾浅滩渔场的上升流演变及其与渔业的关系研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

何发祥 《海洋学报》1988,10(3):346-354

本文根据1975月7月温盐资料,证实了在渔场存在多单元上升流,兄弟屿和南澎列岛附近分别是沿岸和外海上升流最强海区。我们认为在外斜—外深一带出现高营养盐的愿因是,在上升流期,由于垂直外海环流环演变,而导致南海底层冷水上升与爬升(或涌升)多次交替现象所产生的结果。在埃尔尼诺年灯围产量锐减,在渔场夏季只出现一单元上升流,且上升流弱(除1965—1966年8—9月外),反之,在非埃尔尼诺年(除印度发生干旱和非埃尔尼诺头一年外)灯围产量高或较高,夏季都出现多单元上升流,且上升流强。此外还阐明了灯围产量与多单元上升流时间具有相关性,而与其次数具有逆相关性。  相似文献   

尼罗罗非鱼对不同颜色定置网片的反应特性   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

蔡厚才  何大仁 《台湾海峡》1992,11(1):69-73

本文初步研究了尼罗罗非鱼对红、黄、绿、蓝、青灰色定置网片反应特性,并探讨了该鱼对青灰色网片的适应特性。结果表明:绿色网片对罗非鱼的阻拦作用最大,青灰色网片次之,红、黄色网片再次,蓝色网片最小。罗非鱼对青灰色网片具明显的适应现象,它们完成整个适应过程所需的实验重复次数约为7次。  相似文献   

东南亚海上地震勘探活动     

JohnBishop何拥军  马建华 《海洋地质前沿》1995,(9):21-22

东南亚海上地震勘探活动ＪｏｈｎＢｉｓｈｏｐ如果以地震勘探活动作为今后５－１０年的勘探开发水平的指标的话，那么东南亚海上油气的前景并不乐观。随着在该区作业的地震队数量的大幅度减少，该区的地震勘探工作在最近３年内明显下降。该区承包者拥有的地震船从多达２３...  相似文献   

Cloning of a chub metallothionein cDNA and development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hayes RA  Regondi S  Winter MJ  Butler PJ  Agradi E  Taylor EW  Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669

Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species.  相似文献   

几种无色硅藻的生理特性及其细胞微细结构的研究     

吴伯堂  ChiaweiLiandB.E.Volcani 《热带海洋学报》1982,(2)

海洋中绝大多数硅藻细胞都有叶绿体,且能利用各种无机盐进行光合作用,称为光合硅藻。但也有不少硅藻尚能利用各种有机物质进行异养生活,据报道约50种左右。其中少数几种完全缺少光合色素,不能进行光合作用,只能利用有机碳或有机氮进行专性异养生活。它们主要生活于沿岸潮间带,特别附生于各种多细胞海藻体上。这类单细胞硅藻,种类不多,但为世界广分布的种类。到目前为止,对无色硅藻的研究报道还很少。本文第一作者在分离培养一种无色硅藻Nitzschia alba Lewin and Lewin作  相似文献   

珠江口海域沉积物中汞、镉化学形态的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗伟权  何清溪  方平  陈泽琼  陈国清 《热带海洋学报》1984,(4)

我们曾研究过汞、镉在珠江口海域水体中的存在形态,为进一步弄清汞、镉在本海域水体中的迁移机制,本文又采用逐级浸提法研究了珠江口海域沉积物中汞、镉的化学形态,并把汞的形态分为水溶性汞、盐酸溶汞、碱性溶汞、硝酸溶汞及王水溶汞等五种形态;把镉的形态分为水可溶态、阳离子可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁/锰水合氧化物结合态、有机质结合态及残余态等六种形态。现把研究情况报告如下。  相似文献   

翘嘴红鲌(Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker)种群遗传多样性的RAPD分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张永正  张海琪  邵庆均  何中央 《海洋与湖沼》2007,38(6):581-584

采用RAPD技术对翘嘴红鲌养殖群体进行了DNA多态性检测.共采用40个随机引物进行扩增,其中14个引物可获得清晰且重复性好的扩增图谱,共扩增出121个RAPD位点,具有多态现象的位点为40个,多态位点比例为33.06%.翘嘴红鲌群体的遗传相似系数为 0.8878-0.9600,平均为0.9201,遗传变异度为0.0799.Shannon多样性指数为10.8824,Shannon多样性值为0.0899.研究表明,翘嘴红鲌目前的种质资源状况令人堪忧,改变目前人工繁育模式,建立原种、良种场,丰富物种遗传多样性是资源保护的基础.  相似文献