歧口凹陷新生界火成岩油藏特征及分布规律     

李双文  吴永平  刘化清  周立宏  肖敦清  姚军  倪长宽 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(4):1071

歧口凹陷新生界发育了两类与火成岩相关的油藏：基性火山岩油藏和浅成侵入相辉绿岩蚀变带油藏,两者都为构造-岩性油藏。这两类油藏区域上受岩浆活动带控制,主要集中于NE向和EW向断裂转换带,并受烃源岩分布范围的影响而紧邻烃源岩分布;垂向上受区域盖层控制,集中于沙一中亚段和东三段。在转换带沙一中亚段和东三段内,火成岩能否富集成藏主要取决于储集系统的类型。开放式储集系统一方面利于流体替换使火成岩储集空间中的矿化水被及时排出减少次生矿物的形成,从而保护储集空间;另一方面利于富含有机酸流体进入火成岩储集体,通过溶蚀先期形成的杏仁体、裂缝充填物及火成岩中不稳定的矿物组分,使其储集空间扩大、容积增加,使火成岩的储集性能得以改善;另外,火成岩中的断裂通过与烃源岩的沟通为烃类注入富集成藏提供了必要的输导通道,致使这类储集系统能够富集烃类成藏。封闭式储集系统缺少这些条件,岩浆期后热液流体与成岩流体被包裹在火成岩储集空间内不能被排出,易形成次生矿物充填并堵塞这些空间,丧失其储集性能。部分未被充填的空间往往相互之间难以连通,并与生排烃地层隔绝而成为烃类难以注入的死孔隙,从而使这类储集系统难以聚集成藏。  相似文献   

top-hat变换与庐枞矿集区大地电磁强干扰分离   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汤井田  李灏  李晋  强建科  肖晓 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(1):336

作为一种非线性信号处理方法,基于数学形态学的广义形态滤波已经展现出其在大地电磁时间域信号去噪中的作用;然而,广义形态滤波在滤除大地电磁时间域信号中噪声波形的同时,也滤除了时间域信号中包含有用信息的缓变化。针对这一问题,提出一种基于数学形态学top-hat变换的大地电磁时间域噪声压制方案,利用top-hat变换对波峰和波谷的检测能力,采用直线型结构元素,对大地电磁时间域信号进行去噪。用该方法对庐枞矿集区大地电磁实测数据进行处理后,数据的标准差与曲线相似性参数都优于处理前数据,表明所提方法能够去除噪声波形并保留时间域信号的缓变化,恢复受噪声污染的大地电磁时间域信号,提高大地电磁视电阻率曲线的质量。  相似文献   

基于网络口碑度的南京城区餐饮业空间分布格局研究——以大众点评网为例     

秦萧  甄峰  朱寿佳  席广亮 《地理科学》2014,34(7):810-817

运用大众点评网（南京站）餐饮商户的点评数据,在建立口碑评价指标体系的基础上,计算各商户的口碑综合得分和排名,并对城市餐饮业的空间分布格局进行核密度分析和综合评价。研究发现,南京城区餐饮商户大致分为4个等级,呈现“头小底大”的金字塔形状,口碑较差的商户占据绝大多数,中等口碑的商户较为缺乏,餐饮业发展综合水平较低;餐饮业的空间分布主要呈现出以新街口为服务核心,其他多个次级服务中心共生发展的格局;高等级餐饮服务中心仍旧集中在主城区范围内,发展较为孤立,大致表现为服务质量圈层递减或沿交通线路轴向扩展特征;城市商圈业态也会影响传统和休闲类餐饮商户的空间分布趋势。  相似文献   

基于遥感和GIS方法的科尔沁沙地边界划定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

闫妍  朱教君  闫巧玲  郑晓  宋立宁 《地理科学》2014,34(1):122-128

基于已有文献,依据科尔沁沙地的形成历史与早期分布,确定科尔沁沙地的核心区;以核心区为基础,采用生态学取样方法,选取与核心区边界相交的16个方向上的交叉点为样本,以Landsat-5 TM影像为主要数据源,采用光谱混合模型、穗帽变换等遥感和GIS方法,通过反复试验设定阈值,提取每个方向的分界特征,据此勾画出科尔沁沙地的分界线。此后,进行实地考察和Google Earth高清影像验证,最终确定科尔沁沙地生态区域的边界。结果表明,科尔沁沙地面积为52 300 ± 360 km²,验证后精度在94%以上。研究结果为科尔沁沙地生态恢复与环境整治提供确切基础范围。  相似文献   

地震系统科技信息资源集成整合的探索与研究     

梁凯利  肖建军 《国际地震动态》2005,(9):19-22

本文探索了网络化环境下,利用现代化的信息技术,对地震科技信息资源集成整合以及共建共享等问题。  相似文献   

山东济南和新泰馒头组中浊积岩和滑塌堆积的基本特征及其大地构造意义   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

闫臻  杨长春  李继亮  肖文交  王真理  徐兴旺 《地质科学》2005,40(4):579-584

馒头组是华北地台盖层的重要组成之一,以陆源细碎屑岩为主夹碳酸盐岩。前人研究认为馒头组是滨海沼泽相、潮坪—泻湖相和沿岸滩坝相沉积组合。我们首次在济南和新泰地区馒头组中发现浊积岩和滑塌堆积组合,表明华北地台早寒武世沉积组合形成于深海半深海浅海中,曾存在古斜坡和构造隆升作用。详细研究浊积岩和滑塌堆积的基本地质特征,不仅对于进一步认识华北地台古生代古地貌特征以及古潜山的形成和演化具有重要意义,而且可为渤海湾盆地中古潜山成因以及潜山油气资源勘探提供借鉴。  相似文献   

兖州矿区立井井筒非采动破裂的非线性预测与判别方法   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘环宇  李晓  曾钱帮  黄福昌  陈祥军 《工程地质学报》2005,13(2):231-235

厚冲积层立井井筒非采动破裂工程地质灾害是人类工程与自然环境相互作用的结果,该灾害的发生给煤矿造成巨大的经济损失,本文采用神经网络及模糊神经网络的方法对立井井筒破裂进行了预测与判别,预测与判别的结果表明,采用神经网络与模糊神经网络方法能够很好适用于立井井筒破裂的预测与判别,准确性高,能够满足实际应用的需要。  相似文献   

JRC-JCS模型抗剪强度估算的平均斜率法   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

杜时贵  颜育仁  胡晓飞  郭霄 《工程地质学报》2005,13(4):489-493

结构面对工程岩体的稳定性有着决定性的影响,结构面的抗剪强度参数是分析岩体稳定的关键的参数。本文回顾了结构面抗剪强度估算的JRC-JCS模型及其估算方法,提出了可快速估算结构面抗剪强度参数的平均斜率法,并通过对比分析阐明平均斜率法的优越性。  相似文献   

Integrated method of RS and GPR for monitoring the changes in the soil moisture and groundwater environment due to underground coal mining   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhengfu Bian  Shaogang Lei  Hilary I. Inyang  Luqun Chang  Richen Zhang  Chengjun Zhou  Xiao He 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(1):131-142

Mining affects the environment in different ways depending on the physical context in which the mining occurs. In mining areas with an arid environment, mining affects plants’ growth by changing the amount of available water. This paper discusses the effects of mining on two important determinants of plant growth—soil moisture and groundwater table (GWT)—which were investigated using an integrated approach involving a field sampling investigation with remote sensing (RS) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). To calculate and map the distribution of soil moisture for a target area, we initially analyzed four models for regression analysis between soil moisture and apparent thermal inertia and finally selected a linear model for modeling the soil moisture at a depth 10 cm; the relative error of the modeled soil moisture was about 6.3% and correlation coefficient 0.7794. A comparison of mined and unmined areas based on the results of limited field sampling tests or RS monitoring of Landsat 5-thermatic mapping (TM) data indicated that soil moisture did not undergo remarkable changes following mining. This result indicates that mining does not have an effect on soil moisture in the Shendong coal mining area. The coverage of vegetation in 2005 was compared with that in 1995 by means of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) deduced from TM data, and the results showed that the coverage of vegetation in Shendong coal mining area has improved greatly since 1995 because of policy input RMB￥0.4 per ton coal production by Shendong Coal Mining Company. The factor most affected by coal mining was GWT, which dropped from a depth of 35.41 m before mining to a depth of 43.38 m after mining at the Bulianta Coal Mine based on water well measurements. Ground-penetrating radar at frequencies of 25 and 50 MHz revealed that the deepest GWT was at about 43.4 m. There was a weak water linkage between the unsaturated zone and groundwater, and the decline of water table primarily resulted from the well pumping for mining safety rather than the movement of cracking strata. This result is in agreement with the measurements of the water wells. The roots of nine typical plants in the study area were investigated. Populus was found to have the deepest root system with a depth of about 26 m. Based on an assessment of plant growth demands and the effect of mining on environmental factors, we concluded that mining will have less of an effect on plant growth at those sites where the primary GWT depth before mining was deep enough to be unavailable to plants. If the primary GWT was available for plant growth before mining, especially to those plants with deeper roots, mining will have a significant effect on the growth of plants and the mechanism of this effect will include the loss of water to roots and damage to the root system.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation in nature and chemical compositions of spring water in Cuihua Mountain,Shaanxi Province,central China     

Jingbo Zhao  Changyan Wang  Zhangdong Jin  Guizhen Sun  Jun Xiao 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(8):1753-1760

Two springs (Cuihua Spring, Shuiqiuchi Spring) in Cuihua Mountain of the Qinling Mountains were observed and sampled monthly during 2004 and 2005 to trace their physical properties and chemical compositions with seasons. Although both pH values and cation (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, and Na⁺) contents of Cuihua Spring are higher than those of Shuiqiuchi Spring, seasonal variations in both springs are obvious. The pH values of both spring waters are between 5.69 and 6.98, lower than that of rainwater during summer and autumn. From January to November, the pH values of both springs similarly vary from high to low and then to high again. Variations in electric conductivities of two spring waters are contrary, although their electric conductivities are positively correlative with the cation content respectively. This can be attributed to different water sources of the two springs or different acidic rocks they passed. The contents of HCO₃ ⁻, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, and Na⁺ are low, indicating a low silicate weathering that the strata in this district are mainly composed of granite and schist of quartz and mica. Differing from change in spring water in karst regions of South China where abundant precipitation and dilution of rainwater cause low pH and electric conductivity in summer and autumn, the seasonal variations in the pH values and the electric conductivities of two springs in Qinling Mountains are attributed to seasonal changes in CO₂ produced by microorganisms’ activity in soil within respective year, rather than rainfall. The microorganisms’ activity in soil produces more CO₂ during summer and autumn. Therefore, the water nature of springs in silicate regions chiefly reflects the seasonal changes of CO₂ produced by the microorganisms in soil.  相似文献