Soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Peng Cui  Yonggang Ge  Jianqi Zhuang  Daojie Wang 《山地科学学报》2009,6(2):181-188

The reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land plays an important role in the mitigation and control of debris flow hazards, which thus contributes a lot to the exploitation of insufficient land resources in mountainous areas and the reduction of losses caused by debris flow. The aim of this paper is to discuss the features and mechanism of soil evolution of debris flow waste-shoal land so as to search for the available modes of its reclamation and utilization. The Jiangjiagou Ravine, a typical debris flow ravine, was selected to study soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land based on the analysis of soil physieochemical properties and soil microstructure. It was found that the soil evolution rates of debris flow waste-shoal land varied with different modes of reclamation. For the land which had been reclaimed for less than lO years, soil evolved most rapidly in paddy fields, and more rapidly in dry farmland than in naturally restored waste-shoal land. For the land which had been used for more than lo years, the soil evolution rates of dry farmland, naturally restored waste-shoal land and paddy farmland decreased in the file. For the same utilization period of time, significant differences were recognized in soil evolution features under different modes of reclamation. Analysis data showed that soil clay content, soil thickness, the psephicity of skeleton particles and contents of microaggregates （〈0.02 mm） in paddy farmland were all highest. Soil nutrients and porosity of dry farmland were better than those of paddy farmland and naturally restored waste-shoal land, and those of paddy farmland were superior to those of naturally restored waste-shoal land. Paddy farmland characterized by rapid pedogenesis, stable evolution and high utilizability was the priority candidate for the reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste -shoal land.  相似文献   

Validation and intercomparison of HY-2A/MetOp-A/Oceansat-2 scatterometer wind products     

吴庆  陈戈 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(5):1181-1190

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南极半岛东北海域表层沉积有机质来源及其沉积环境     

韩喜彬  赵军  初凤友  潘建明  唐灵刚  许冬  边叶萍  葛倩 《海洋学报》2015,37(8):26-38

采用气相色谱-质谱技术对南极半岛东北海域海底表层沉积物的总有机碳、有机质碳同位素(δ13 Corg)和生物标志化合物等进行了测试分析。研究区表层沉积物总有机碳TOC平均值高于现代深海沉积物中的平均含量。δ13 Corg的变化说明该海域有机碳来源呈海洋水生生物来源和陆源混合的特征。正构烷烃的峰型分布、主峰碳、饱和烃轻重比C-21/C+22和(C21+C22)/(C28+C29)、甾烷组合和藿烷组合证实研究区西部表层沉积物有机质来源以陆源高等植物为主,其陆源可能来自于附近的南极半岛和南舍得兰群岛;研究区东部表层沉积物有机质来源偏以海源为主,且以低等浮游生物、藻类及细菌生物等海源输入为主。碳优势指数(Carbon preference index,CPI)、奇偶优势指数(Odd-even Predominance,OEP)和甾烷C29ααα20S/(20S+20R)比值显示研究区D1-7站位和D5-9沉积物有机质演化程度较高,D5-2和D2-4站位的有机质演化程度低,其他站位介于中间状态。饱和烃中姥鲛烷、植烷及其比值(Pr/Ph)等组合显示研究区西部以氧化-弱还原的沉积环境为主,其可能是受高温低盐别林斯高晋海水流和附近火山喷发的影响所致;研究区东部以还原—强还原沉积环境为主,可能是受低温高盐的威德尔底层水(WSBW)和威德尔海深层水(WSDW)影响所致。  相似文献   

复合蛋白源替代鱼粉对大菱鲆生长、体组成和表观消化率的影响     

董纯  周慧慧  麦康森  徐玮  何艮 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(4):27-34

本实验旨在研究谷朊粉、宠物级鸡肉粉、脱脂肉骨粉、豆粕和玉米蛋白粉复合替代0%(对照组,CON)、35%(FM35)、50%(FM50)、65%(FM65)、80%(FM80)鱼粉对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)生长、体组成和表观消化率的影响。设计5组等氮等能(粗蛋白52%,总能19kJ/g)的饲料,养殖鱼初重(8.63±0.01)g,养殖周期9周。结果显示,替代组体末重、增重率和特定生长率显著低于CON(P0.05),而摄食率和成活率各处理组之间没有显著变化(P0.05)。替代组饲料效率和蛋白质效率随着替代水平的升高而降低,FM65和FM80饲料效率和FM80蛋白质效率显著低于CON(P0.05)。复合蛋白替代鱼粉对鱼体水分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪没有显著影响(P0.05),但替代组鱼体灰分显著高于CON(P0.05)。除FM35干物质表观消化率与CON没有显著差异(P0.05),其他替代组的干物质和粗蛋白表观消化率均显著低于CON(P0.05)。研究表明,该比例复合蛋白源替代鱼粉水平应不超过35%。  相似文献   

顾及传播曲面的多波束波束脚印高精度快速归位算法     

毕自军  赵建虎  郑根  刘美琴 《测绘学报》2021,50(5):695-705

针对传统多波束波束脚印位置归算方法忽视收/发换能器位置差异给深水测深带来的显著影响,以及新算法虽顾及收/发差异但效率偏低的问题,本文提出一种顾及传播曲面的高精度快速波束脚印位置归算算法:①基于多波束测量和声线传播原理,提出波束传播曲面模型;②将扇区内波束分为插值结点和待插值点;针对前者,提出采用迭代搜索和插值的方法避免建立完整的传播曲面;③针对后者,利用插值结点参数,提出基于多项式插值的方法获取其发射单程时间和声线俯角、方位角;④综合完成所有波束脚印位置归算.浅水和中深水区试验表明,本文方法的交叉线检验精度与Cari s相近,且均优于传统算法;相较Cari s计算结果,本文同号波束脚印的深度偏差分别为0.35‰水深和0.11‰水深,且计算效率分别提高了8％ 和35％.  相似文献   

海洋三维遥感与海洋剖面激光雷达     

唐军武  陈戈  陈卫标  赵朝方  贺岩  吴松华  刘秉义  毛志华  何惠馨  杨杰  陈树果  胡连波  何兴道  史久林  郑永超  刘建强  林明森  吴立新  郭华东  蒋兴伟  潘德炉  顾逸东 《遥感学报》2021,25(1):460-500

本文从海洋与气候变化等重大前沿科学与应用对空间海洋观测系统的需求出发,基于当前国内外空间激光技术水平与前期海洋激光遥感的探索,提出了海洋遥感从二维向三维发展的紧迫性,并将海洋剖面探测激光雷达作为未来“海洋三维遥感”的主要技术手段。本文对近50年国内外激光海洋剖面探测技术的理论与应用、基础性关键探测机理问题,尤其是近10年来的试验性探索及其在多个海洋科学问题中的应用进行了综述。结合中国自主“观澜号”海洋科学卫星计划中海洋剖面探测激光雷达的系统论证与指标要求,提出了未来海洋剖面探测激光雷达发展路线图建议以及中国有望率先在空间海洋剖面激光探测领域取得突破的设想。  相似文献   

Tropical Cyclone Energy Dispersion and Possible Self Maintenance Mechanism of the Synoptic Scale Wave Trains     

Zhou Xiaqiong  Ge Xuyang 《气象与环境科学》2015,38(1):14-25

The interaction between tropical cyclone (TC) and the large-scale mean flows such as the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is investigated using a three-dimensional primitive equation model. Once a TC develops in the vicinity of the ITCZ region where satisfies both barotropic and baroclinic instabilities, the southeastward energy dispersion from the TC may disturb the ITCZ and thus help its breakdown. Cumulus convection can be organized in the region of cyclonic circulation, and the interaction between convective heating and the perturbation circulation may enhance the development of the waves, leading to the generation of a new tropical cyclone to the east. While the TC moves to the high latitude, the ITCZ will reform. Though repeating of this process, a synoptic-scale wave train oriented in the northwest-southeast direction can be generated and self-maintained. The results suggest that the mutual interaction among the low-frequency background flow, wave train pattern and TCs provides a possible mechanism for the origin of the summer synoptic scale wave train pattern over the western North Pacific.  相似文献   

Synergistic contribution of precipitation anomalies over northwestern India and the South China Sea to high temperature over the Yangtze River Valley   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ge Liu  Renguang Wu  Shuqing Sun  Huimei Wang 《大气科学进展》2015,32(9):1255-1265

This study explores the characteristics of high temperature anomalies over eastern China and associated influencing factors using observations and model outputs. Results show that more long-duration (over 8 days) high temperature events occur over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley (YRV) than over the surrounding regions, and control most of the interannual variation of summer mean temperature in situ. The synergistic effect of summer precipitation over the South China Sea (SCS) region (18°-27°N, 115°-124°E) and the northwestern India and Arabian Sea (IAS) region (18°-27°N, 60°-80°E) contributes more significantly to the variation of summer YRV temperature, relative to the respective SCS or IAS precipitation anomaly. More precipitation (enhanced condensational heating) over the SCS region strengthens the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and simultaneously weakens the westerly trough over the east coast of Asia, and accordingly results in associated high temperature anomalies over the YRV region through stimulating an East Asia-Pacific (EAP) pattern. More precipitation over the IAS region further adjusts the variations of the WPSH and westerly trough, and eventually reinforces high temperature anomalies over the YRV region. Furthermore, the condensational heating related to more IAS precipitation can adjust upper-tropospheric easterly anomalies over the YRV region by exciting a circumglobal teleconnection, inducing cold horizontal temperature advection and related anomalous descent, which is also conducive to the YRV high temperature anomalies. The reproduction of the above association in the model results indicates that the above results can be explained both statistically and dynamically.  相似文献   

三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)foxl2基因功能初探及相关miRNA分析     

张梦倩  张景琰  葛红星  刘萍  李健  孟宪亮 《海洋学报》2022,44(4):85-94

foxl2在脊椎动物卵巢分化、发育和功能维持等方面具有重要作用,然而其在三疣梭子蟹(Por-tunus trituberculatus)卵巢发育中的功能尚不明确.本研究首先克隆了三疣梭子蟹foxl2(Ptfoxl2)基因cDNA全长序列,该基因5′和3′非编码区域(UTR)长度分别为701?bp和211?bp,开放阅读...  相似文献   

海洋涡旋遥感：进展与挑战     

陈戈  杨杰  田丰林  陈树果  赵朝方  唐军武  刘颖洁  王祎诺  苑忠浩  何遒  曹川川 《遥感学报》2021,25(1):302-322

海洋涡旋数量大、分布广、含能高、裹挟强,是研究物质循环、能量级联和圈层耦合的理想载体。对涡旋的全生命周期追踪观测成为21世纪以来海洋遥感领域最重要的进展之一,并引发了新一轮涡旋研究的热潮。本文从涡旋的温度异常、物质示踪、旋转流场和闭合拓扑等特征出发,简述了红外辐射计、可见光扫描仪、微波高度计、合成孔径雷达等遥感技术在涡旋观测中的机理和方法,重点阐述了卫星高度计涡旋识别与追踪算法及其在涡旋形态学、运动学和动力学中的应用。基于虚拟星座下的多参数遥感,介绍了涡旋在海洋、大气、生态等交叉学科领域的前沿应用和最新进展。指出当前涡旋遥感发展面临的亚中尺度、垂直结构、跨学科研究等3大挑战,展望了新一代遥感技术在未来海洋科学特别是涡旋海洋学研究中的应用前景。  相似文献