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961.
The two-dimensional wavelet transform is a very efficient bandpass filter, which can be used to separate various scales of processes and show their relative phase/location. In this paper, algorithms and techniques for automated detection and tracking of mesoscale features from satellite imagery employing wavelet analysis are developed. The wavelet transform has been applied to satellite images, such as those from synthetic aperture radar (SAR), advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) for feature extraction. The evolution of mesoscale features such as oil slicks, fronts, eddies, and ship wakes can be tracked by the wavelet analysis using satellite data from repeating paths. Several examples of the wavelet analysis applied to various satellite images demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for coastal monitoring 相似文献
962.
Young-Fo Chang Chien-Chih Chen Chieh-Yu Liang 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,170(1):170-174
The 1999 September 20 Chi-Chi earthquake is the largest seismic event which occurred in the island during the twentieth century. Available seismic data relative to this earthquake are of high quality, and surface ruptures identified as features associated to the Chelungpu fault can be clearly observed at the surface and precisely mapped. We calculated the fractal dimension ( D ) and b value of Gutenberg–Richter law for 6-month aftershocks of the Chi-Chi earthquake for the fault area, and find that the surface ruptures exhibit self-similar geometry only within specific ruler intervals. The D values of the surface ruptures reflect the fault slip and geometry at depth. More importantly, the small-size aftershocks seem more likely to occur within high D value and high b value areas, whereas small D value and small b value areas have a high potential for medium- and large-size aftershocks. 相似文献
963.
内蒙古新上海庙地区是煤田地质勘探的空白区,其地表为干旱、半干旱沙漠及黄土覆盖,属地震条件复杂地区。本次勘探在“三边”工作基础上,优化地震工程设计,共布设地震测线16条。经充分实验,确定了激发参数及接收参数。根据勘探区地震地质条件横向变化大的特点,在处理中始终以三高为中心,以静校正、反褶积为重点,选择最佳处理流程及参数,基本控制了区内主要可采煤层赋存情况,并否定了原断距1700m的区域大断层一沙葱沟断层。 相似文献
964.
新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世火山作用的环境响应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世玄武岩与灰岩互层,玄武岩局部发育为枕状,枕间充填灰岩。通过对剖面碳酸盐岩样品的全岩无机碳氧同位素研究发现,与玄武岩互层的层状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 平均值分别为3.2‰和-14.2‰,枕状玄武岩间的块状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 的平均值分别为-0.7‰和-18.2‰,即碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素组成在火山快速爆发时期相对于火山活动间隙时期明显偏负。通过对层状灰岩和枕间灰岩碳氧同位素研究发现,海盆火山作用是环境变化的主要控制因素。 相似文献
965.
邯峰矿区岩溶含水层主要是寒武系、奥陶系厚层灰岩、石炭系薄层石灰岩,其中以奥陶系中统含水层富水性最为丰富,具有随埋藏深度增大而岩溶发育减弱的特性。根据岩溶水补、径、排条件,邯峰矿区岩溶水可分为黑龙洞、白龙洞、紫泉岩三个子系统,各子系统又根据岩溶发育程度、钻孔单位涌水量、水井单井出水量等富水性特征划分为四个区,研究了地下水动态特征,提出了保护岩溶地下水资源的建议。 相似文献
966.
Numerical investigation of Hurricane Gilbert (1988) effect on the Loop Current warm core eddy (WCE) in the Gulf of Mexico
is performed using the Modular Ocean Model version 2 (MOM2). Results show that the storm-induced maximum sea surface temperature
(SST) decrease in Gilbert’s wake is over 2.5°C, as compared with the 3.5°C cooling in the absence of the WCE. The near-inertial
oscillation in the wake reduces significantly in an along-track direction with the presence of the WCE. This effect is also
reflected between the mixed layer and the thermocline, where the current directions are reversed with the upper layer. After
two inertial periods (IP), the current reversal is much less obvious. In addition, it is demonstrated that Hurricane Gilbert
wind stress increases the current speed of the WCE by approximate 133%. With the forcing of Gilbert, the simulated translation
direction and speed of the WCE towards the Mexican coast are closer to the observed (42% more accurate in distance and 78%
more accurate in direction) compared with the simulation without the Gilbert forcing. The simulated ocean response to Gilbert
generally agrees with the recent observations in Hurricane Fabian. 相似文献
967.
Gravity data are the results of gravity force field interaction from all the underground sources. The objects of detection
are always submerged in the background field, and thus one of the crucial problems for gravity data interpretation is how
to improve the resolution of observed information. The wavelet transform operator has recently been introduced into the domain
fields both as a filter and as a powerful source analysis tool. This paper studied the effects of improving resolution of
gravity data with wavelet analysis and spectral method, and revealed the geometric characteristics of density heterogeneities
described by simple shaped sources. First, the basic theory of the multiscale wavelet analysis and its lifting scheme and
spectral method were introduced. With the experimental study on forward simulation of anomalies given by the superposition
of six objects and measured data in Songliao plain, Northeast China, the shape, size and depth of the buried objects were
estimated in the study. Also, the results were compared with those obtained by conventional techniques, which demonstrated
that this method greatly improves the resolution of gravity anomalies.
Translated from Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(1): 112–120 [译自: 地球物理学进展] 相似文献
968.
Chin‐Hsiung Loh Jerome P. Lynch Kung‐Chun Lu Yang Wang Chia‐Ming Chang Pei‐Yang Lin Ting‐Hei Yeh 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(10):1303-1328
The performance aspects of a wireless ‘active’ sensor, including the reliability of the wireless communication channel for real‐time data delivery and its application to feedback structural control, are explored in this study. First, the control of magnetorheological (MR) dampers using wireless sensors is examined. Second, the application of the MR‐damper to actively control a half‐scale three‐storey steel building excited at its base by shaking table is studied using a wireless control system assembled from wireless active sensors. With an MR damper installed on each floor (three dampers total), structural responses during seismic excitation are measured by the system's wireless active sensors and wirelessly communicated to each other; upon receipt of response data, the wireless sensor interfaced to each MR damper calculates a desired control action using an LQG controller implemented in the wireless sensor's computational core. In this system, the wireless active sensor is responsible for the reception of response data, determination of optimal control forces, and the issuing of command signals to the MR damper. Various control solutions are formulated in this study and embedded in the wireless control system including centralized and decentralized control algorithms. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
969.
A structural mode was used to characterize vegetation composition at the plant leaf level and a flourishing-withering ratio was developed. The spectral responses of vegetation with different flourishing-withering ratios were analyzed, the change rates of the chlorophyll and moisture content indices of vegetation with different flourishing-withering ratios were compared, and correlations between the chlorophyll and moisture content indices were analyzed. The results reveal that leaves with an intermediate flourishing-withering ratio can increase the absorption signatures of vegetation and that band ranges of 570–700 nm and 1300–1540 nm can play a role in indicating changes in the flourishing-withering ratios of vegetation; NPQI, NPCI, R695/R420, R695/R760, R750/R700, the peak-value area of red selvedge, the red selvedge amplitude, the ratio between the red selvedge amplitude and the minimum amplitude, and the NDVI of vegetation change regularly with the change in flourishing-withering ratios, and these nine vegetation indices are highly related to the chlorophyll content. Vegetation indexes of NDWI and PRI are very sensitive to the flourishing-withering change in vegetation and are closely related to the moisture content, and the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.9. The derivative of the spectra is more effective in describing changes in the structural mode of vegetation with different flourishing-withering ratios, especially at band ranges of 552–628 nm and 630–686 nm, and it is more sensitive to the mixed flourishing-withering ratios of leaves rather than to the vegetation indices. The red selvedge position in the spectrum is highly related to the chlorophyll content and is not sensitive to changes in the structural mode of mixed flourishing-withering leaves. The red selvedge parameters are sensitive to changes in the flourishing-withering ratio at the peak-value area of the red selvedge amplitude and the ratio between the red selvedge amplitude and the minimum amplitude. The effect of a sand background on the spectrum of withering leaves is higher than that of flourishing leaves; the effect of a sand background increases with increasing proportions of withering leaves, the superposition effect of the sand background on mixed flourishing-withering leaves is about 7% at visible light bands of 400–700 nm and 1300–1540 nm, and is over 10% at the near infrared band range of 700–1300 nm. 相似文献
970.