Storm流式技术在地面气象数据处理中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

廖婷婷  王彪  肖卫青  李从英  郭茜 《中低纬山地气象》2019,43(5)

地面自动站气象数据的量级、观测传输频次日益增长,传输方式从传统的文本方式发展到消息传输,对数据处理时效有了更高的要求。该文提出采用Storm流式技术进行地面自动站气象数据的解码和入库,使用Spout节点连接外部数据源,将数据转化为Tuple,传递给解码Bolt、入库Bolt和DI/EI消息Bolt,分别进行实时的入库和监控,且达到灵活调整系统资源的目的。该应用与传统的简约流程对比,稳定性、处理效率、拓展性都有了显著提高。  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定含刚玉的铝土矿中硅铝铁钛   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

王琰  孙洛新  张帆  张华  陈志慧 《岩矿测试》2013,32(5):719-723

铝土矿具有较强的化学稳定性,常含有少量刚玉,属于比较难处理的样品。常用的四酸溶解法对不含刚玉的铝土矿能取得较好的效果,但对高铝及含刚玉的样品分解不完全且无法同时测定硅。本文对含刚玉的铝土矿样品在镍坩埚中用氢氧化钠-过氧化钠熔融,盐酸酸化后用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定硅铝铁钛四种元素。对氢氧化钠-过氧化钠的熔样效果、过氧化钠用量、熔样温度、共存离子的影响及基体干扰进行了试验,结果表明,加入3.0 g氢氧化钠和1.0 g过氧化钠在650~700℃保温10 min,能较好地熔解含少量刚玉的铝土矿样品。利用铝土矿标准物质制备标准溶液,可消除镍坩埚和熔融试剂产生的镍盐和钠盐基体对硅铝铁钛测定的干扰。方法检出限为0.0025%~0.063%,精密度小于4%。铝土矿国家标准物质的测定值与标准值相符,实际样品的测定值与其他分析方法的测定值相吻合。本方法样品分解完全,消解时间短,分析步骤简单,适用于高铝及含少量刚玉的铝土矿样品分析。  相似文献   

Assessment of physical vulnerability to agricultural drought in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhiqiang Wang  Fei He  Weihua Fang  Yongfeng Liao 《Natural Hazards》2013,67(2):645-657

Food security has drawn great attention from both researchers and practitioners in recent years. Global warming and its resultant extreme drought events have become a great challenge to crop production and food price stability. This study aimed to establish a preliminary theoretical methodology and an operational approach for assessing the physical vulnerability of two wheat varieties (“Yongliang #4” and “Wenmai #6”) to agricultural drought using Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model (EPIC). Drought hazard index was set up based on output variables of the EPIC water stress (WS), including the magnitude and duration of WS during the crop-growing period. The physical vulnerability curves of two wheat varieties to drought were calculated by the simulated drought hazard indexes and loss ratios. And the curve’s effect on drought disaster risk was defined as A, B and C sections, respectively. Our analysis results showed that (a) physical vulnerability curves varied between two wheat varieties, which were determined by genetic parameters of crops; (b) compared with spring wheat “Yongliang 4#” winter wheat “Wenmai 6#” was less vulnerable to drought under the same drought hazard intensity scenario; (c) the wheat physical vulnerability curve to drought hazard displayed a S shape, suggesting a drought intensity–dependent magnifying or reducing effect of the physical vulnerability on drought disasters; (d) the reducing effect was mainly in the low-value area of vulnerability curve, whereas the magnifying effect was in the middle-value area, and the farming-pastoral zone and the Qinling Mountain–Huaihe River zone formed important spatial division belts.  相似文献   

Extremum solutions to the limit equilibrium method subjected to physical admissibility   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hong Zheng  Zhao Liang Yang  Guan Hua Sun 《Natural Hazards》2013,65(1):79-96

In the slope stability analysis, the interslice force calculated by the method of slices is the internal force of the slope in the limit equilibrium state, which is vital to the design of reinforcement. However, none of the existing methods can guarantee a priori the interslice force is reasonable. Starting from the global analysis procedure, an optimization problem for maximizing the factor of safety is posed under the constraints that the system of forces in the sliding body is physically admissible. In the problem, both the factor of safety and the normal stress along the slip surface are taken as the independent variables. With weak nonlinearity and no numerical problems inherent in the methods of slices, the optimization problem can be solved by those conventional optimization techniques. No assumption is made regarding the interslice forces, but the system of forces from the optimization problem is physically admissible. To bracket the factor of safety, meanwhile, the minimum of the factor of safety is calculated through a minimization process under the same constraints as the maximization process. It is illustrated that for smooth slip surfaces, the solutions to the maximum and the minimum almost coincide, and for non-smooth slip surfaces, the interval of the solution is very narrow.  相似文献   

Correlation between land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

C.-H. Liao  C.-L. Chang  C.-Y. Su  P.-T. Chiueh 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(6):1275-1286

Urban areas are the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Previous studies have identified the effectiveness of better urban design on mitigating climate change and land-use patterns in cities as important factors in reducing GHG by local governments. However, studies documenting the link between land-use and GHG emissions are scant. Therefore, this study explores the driving forces of land-use change and GHG emission increments in urban areas and investigates their correlations. The study area, Xinzhuang, is a satellite city of Taipei that has rapidly urbanized in the past few decades. Twenty-one potential variables were selected to determine the driving forces of land-use change and GHG emission increments by binomial logistic regression based on the investigation data of national land use in 1996 and 2007. The correlation of land-use change and GHG increments was examined by Spearman rank-order analysis. Results of logistic regression analysis identified that population and its increasing density rate are main driving forces on both land-use change and GHG increments. The Spearman rank correlation matrix indicates that fluctuating urbanization level is significantly correlated with the increase of total GHG emissions, the emissions of residence, commerce, and transportation sectors in neighborhoods; and the emissions of residence and transportation sectors seem closely connected to current urbanization level. The findings suggest that relationships among land-use, urbanization, and GHG emissions in urban areas vary greatly according to residence and transportation characteristics. Land-based mitigation may provide the most viable mechanism for reducing GHG emissions through residence and transportation sectors.  相似文献   

西藏冈底斯驱龙斑岩型铜钼-矽卡岩型铜矿成矿体系:辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学证据     

张金树  多吉  夏代祥  钟康惠  吴华  李光明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,(5):1366-1376

在西藏冈底斯驱龙斑岩型铜钼矿床南部2 km和东南4 km处分别发育知不拉和浪母家果矽卡岩型铜矿床,它们与驱龙斑岩矿床空间上相邻。其中,浪母家果矽卡岩型矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(17.11±0.55)Ma,表明其形成时间与驱龙和知不拉相近。综合冈底斯成矿带区域成矿作用和典型矿床的最新研究成果认为,驱龙斑岩型铜钼矿床-知不拉矽卡岩型铜矿-浪母家果矽卡岩型铜矿系同一期岩浆热液成矿作用的产物,构成一个完整的斑岩-矽卡岩型成矿体系。因此,区域找矿时,应注意在斑岩型铜矿外围寻找高品位矽卡岩型矿床;同时,在具有矽卡岩型矿化的勘查区内应注意寻找深部可能存在的斑岩型铜钼矿床。  相似文献   

Removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol from aqueous media by electrochemical process     

Jui-Yuan Huang  Wing-Ping Liao  Siou-Mei Lai 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(8):2281-2288

Chlorophenols are persistent toxins in the natural environment. In this investigation, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous media were degraded using an electrokinetic process (EK) and an electro-Fenton process (EF) using stainless steel and graphite as the anode and cathode, respectively. Chlorophenols were degraded via direct electrolysis at the surface of the electrode in the EK process. However, in the EF process, the degradation mechanism includes direct electrolysis and oxidation by hydroxyl radicals. The optimal conditions were a current density of 0.75 mA/cm² and an air flow of 0.7 l/min at pH 4. Under the optimal conditions, the 2,4-DCP and PCP removal rates in the EF process were 80.18 and 64.03 %, respectively. The mineralization efficiencies of 2,4-DCP and PCP were 78.23 and 75.77 %, respectively. The results of dechlorination reveal that almost all of the chlorines were released, but some were retained in the intermediates. The dechlorination efficiency revealed that the EF and EK4 processes two chlorines from 2,4-DCP. They released four or five chlorines and four chlorines from PCP, respectively. The kinetic results provide evidence of pseudo-first degradation. The rate constant (k _cp) declined as pH_i was increased from 4 to 10. The k _cp values reveal that the pH is an important factor that affects the degradation efficiency in the electrochemical process.  相似文献   

Nutrient-based method for assessing the hazard degree of red tide: a case study in the Zhejiang coastal waters, East China Sea     

Shiyong Wen  Lili Song  Hua Long  Jun Yu  Shugang Gao  Dongzhi Zhao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(6):2671-2678

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鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组砂岩储层孔隙成因类型及其控制因素     

杨华  钟大康  姚泾利  刘显阳  马石玉  樊林林 《地学前缘》2013,20(2):69-76

陇东地区延长组砂岩储层属于典型的低孔低渗储层,分析孔隙成因类型及其控制因素,对于寻找相对高孔渗储层具有重要指导意义。通过大量孔隙铸体薄片鉴定认为,陇东地区延长组砂岩发育原生与次生两大类孔隙类型,其中原生孔隙包括压实剩余原生粒间孔和胶结剩余原生粒间孔;次生孔隙包括粒间杂基及胶结物溶孔、长石和岩屑粒内溶孔及铸模孔、粒间高岭石绿泥石胶结物晶间孔;另外还存在少量构造成因的微裂缝。现今孔隙多为部分原生与部分次生组成的混合孔隙。孔隙成因类型受沉积条件和成岩作用双重因素控制,沉积条件决定了砂岩沉积时的水动力条件,从而决定了砂岩的岩石学特征和原生粒间孔的发育程度,压实作用决定了压实剩余粒间孔的大小与多少,胶结作用决定了胶结剩余粒间孔的多少,溶蚀作用控制了各种溶蚀孔隙的类型及发育程度,如粒间杂基和碳酸盐胶结物溶孔、长石及岩屑粒缘与粒内溶蚀孔隙的发育程度。原生孔隙在长8、长9、长4+5粒度较粗的层段中较明显,次生孔隙在长6、长7粒度细层段和顶部不整合面附近的长1-3中占的比例较多。系统运用大量薄片和物性资料首次明确指出陇东地区延长组砂岩储层孔隙为混合成因,且次生孔隙特征明显,原生孔隙由于压实和胶结作用大量损失。  相似文献   

渤海海峡跨海通道工程区地震危险性分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

祁嘉翔  纪洪广  彭华  李焕君 《地质力学学报》2013,19(1):93-103

研究渤海海峡地区区域历史地震时空分布特征,分析渤海海峡地区的地震发生位置及其发震规律,论述历史地震对工程场地的影响,为渤海海峡跨海通道的选址提供依据,使选址时尽量避开活动断层以减少地震对跨海通道的影响,增加评判工程稳定性的因子,使评判结论更加可靠。  相似文献