Seismic hazard and probability assessment of Kashmir valley,northwest Himalaya,India     

Rakesh Chandra  Javid Ahmad Dar  Shakil Ahmad Romshoo  Irfan Rashid  Imtiyaz A. Parvez  Sareer Ahmad Mir  Midhat Fayaz 《Natural Hazards》2018,93(3):1451-1477

Seismic hazard analysis of the northwest Himalayan belt was carried out by using extreme value theory (EVT). The rate of seismicity (a value) and recurrence intervals with the given earthquake magnitude (b value) was calculated from the observed data using Gutenberg–Richter Law. The statistical evaluation of 12,125 events from 1902 to 2017 shows the increasing trend in their inter-arrival times. The frequency–magnitude relation exhibits a linear downslope trend with negative slope of 0.8277 and positive intercept of 4.6977. The empirical results showed that the annual risk probability of high magnitude earthquake M?≥?7.7 in 50 years is 88% with recurrence period of 47 years, probability of M?≤?7.5 in 50 years is 97% with recurrence period of 27 years, and probability of M?≤?6.5 in 50 years is 100% with recurrence period of 4 years. Kashmir valley, located in the NW Himalaya, encompasses a peculiar tectonic and structural setup. The patterns of the present and historical seismicity records of the valley suggest a long-term strain accumulation along NNW and SSE extensions with the decline in the seismic gap, posing a potential threat of earthquakes in the future. The Kashmir valley is characterized by the typical lithological, tectono-geomorphic, geotechnical, hydrogeological and socioeconomic settings that augment the earthquake vulnerability associated with the seismicity of the region. The cumulative impact of the various influencing parameters therefore exacerbates the seismic hazard risk of the valley to future earthquake events.  相似文献   

Hybrid genetic algorithms in view of the evolution theories with application for the electrical sounding method     

Ahmet T. Ba&#;okur  Irfan Akça  Nedal W.A. Siyam 《Geophysical Prospecting》2007,55(3):393-406

The classical genetic algorithm is a stochastic process which operates by natural selection. Although the algorithm may localize a point around the global minimum of the misfit function, it is not efficient at finding the precise solution. This paper suggests some hybrid genetic algorithms, derived from evolution theories, to overcome this problem. Firstly, sexual selection has been incorporated in the classical genetic algorithm to obtain a full representation of the Darwinist evolution concept. The simulation of sexual selection is performed by assigning a higher probability of surviving to some parameters that satisfy some algebraic relationships. This method is called the ‘marked constraints’ algorithm since it permits us to insert geological and geophysical constraints into the problem. The algorithm implementation is realized by progressively shrinking the parameter search space through successive generations. In this way, the genetic algorithm gains some degree of determinism. Secondly, since the evolution theory of Lamarck postulates that the acquired traits are passed on to the next generation, a hybrid use of the damped least‐squares method and the genetic algorithm is called Lamarckian inversion. Lamarckian inversion involves some improvement procedures that simulate the reduction of the misfit with the help of a derivative‐based method between two generations. Finally, although there is no correspondence in nature, Lamarckian and Darwinist evolution concepts are combined to strengthen the deterministic part of the solution algorithm. This is called the Lamarckian‐marked‐constraint algorithm. The merits and behaviours of the suggested algorithms are discussed using two examples. The first is a hypothetical example affected by a multiminima problem. The second examines the equivalence problem using vertical electrical sounding data.  相似文献   

Site selection for hazardous wastes: A case study from the GAP area, Turkey     

Mehmet Irfan Yesilnacar  Hasan Cetin 《Engineering Geology》2005,81(4):371-388

The increase in the popularity of using environmental design criteria in town and country planning has brought about the need to fully identify the principles to determine the best location of hazardous wastes to be landfilled. This environmental management issue has received considerable attention because of its applications in urban and rural infrastructure planning, industrial development planning as well as health, housing, transportation and agricultural schemes. This paper explains a method to determine how to locate suitable sites for hazardous waste landfilling area by using the site screening study. It demonstrates how the criteria such as geology, topography, land use, climate, earthquake and other related factors can be introduced into the overlayer technique to determine the suitable site selection in a region. The research was undertaken in the Southeastern Anatolia Project (known as GAP in Turkey) region where identifying the land resources is crucial for agricultural and water management purposes. The paper also explains the validity of the method employed on the site selection process for hazardous wastes. The introduced method may enable more accurate design procedure for planning in environmental management in future.  相似文献   

Inverse Problem in Ground Water: Model Development   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Irfan A. Khan 《Ground water》1986,24(1):32-38

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Prediction of temporal scour hazard at bridge abutment   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Reza Mohammadpour  Aminuddin Ab. Ghani  Mohammadtaghi Vakili  Tooraj Sabzevari 《Natural Hazards》2016,80(3):1891-1911

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Quantifying climate-induced drought risk to livelihood and mitigation actions in Balochistan     

Ashraf  Muhammad  Arshad  Adnan  Patel  Praharsh M.  Khan  Adeel  Qamar  Huma  Siti-Sundari  Ristina  Ghani  Muhammad Usman  Amin  Ali  Babar  Jamilur Rehman 《Natural Hazards》2021,109(3):2127-2151

Natural Hazards - Climate change-induced disasters show the highest risk for agriculture and livelihoods in rural areas of developing countries. Due to changing rainfall pattern, the arid and...  相似文献   

GIS-based spatial landslide distribution analysis of district Neelum,AJ&K,Pakistan     

Naseer  Shah  Haq  Tanveer Ul  Khan  Abdullah  Tanoli  Javed Iqbal  Khan  Nangyal Ghani  Qaiser  Faizan-ur-Rehman  Shah  Syed Tallataf Hussain 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(1):965-989

Natural Hazards - The Landslide happens in mountainous regions due to the catastrophe of slope through intensive rain and seismicity. The Himalayas is one of the susceptible parts of the world in...  相似文献   

Single-station ellipticity retrieval and its joint inversion with dispersion curve,for a borehole test site     

Irfan Ullah  Renato L. Prado  Mona Lisa 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(14):316

To obtain the shear wave velocity profile for engineering application to near-subsurface, many geophysical techniques are used. The dispersion curve alone is unable to provide deeper shear wave velocity information for deep soil deposit; therefore, a joint inversion of dispersion curves with the horizontal over vertical (H/V) (i.e., apparently ellipticity) curve is recommended. The H/V curve obtained from the microtremor recording contains a major part of Love wave contribution to the noise wavefield horizontal component. Due to this presence of Love wave fraction, the H/V curve does not completely replicate the ellipticity of Rayleigh wave. In this study, we try to compare the Rayleigh wave ellipticity obtained from the borehole velocity model to the H/V curve obtained at the same locality from seismic ambient noise recording. Two different techniques available for the Love effect minimization are tested and compared with the borehole ellipticity. Finally, the joint inversion of H/V and dispersion curve is made, which shows great correspondence with the previous measurement at the site.  相似文献   

The El Achour (Algiers,Algeria) landslide delimitation using the H/V ambient vibration method     

Ghani Cheikh Lounis  Omar Mimouni  Djamel Machane  Amina Bacha 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(18):398

We present in this work investigations using seismic ambient vibration to delimitate the El Achour landslide (Algiers), upon which independent geotechnical studies were carried out. Acquisition campaign of ambient vibration on the El Achour site on June 2009 and June 2015, over a surface of about 2 ha, consisted of 64 records of ambient noise with a 10 to 20 m grid size. This approach consists of simple, light, and fast H/V acquisitions, in order to determine the extension of the unstable zone, the depth of the sliding surface, and to test the effectiveness of this method. Two peaks were interpreted as one being for the sliding surface and the other for the lithological interface. As results, in the stable area, they are satisfactory. Indeed, the points in this area are not intermediate peaks which could be related to potential sliding surfaces, which led us to think that we could delineate, using this method, the unstable area from the stable area. The HVSR method allows to determine the thickness of the geological formations and to highlight the lateral and vertical facies changes in broad area.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Geotechnical and geophysical characterization of the Bouira-Algiers Highway (Ain Turck,Algeria) landslide     

Brahim Meziani  Djamel Machane  Abderrahmane Bendaoud  Ghani Cheikh Lounis  El-Hadi Oubaiche  Souhila Chabane  Rabah Bensalem  Hakim Moulouel 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(6):147

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