TEMPERATURES WITHIN THE EARTH     

E. C. Bullard  Ph.D. 《Geophysical Journal International》1939,4(7):534-536

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Jamaica Bay studies VII: Factors affecting the distribution and abundance of ducks in a New York estuary     

Joanna Burger  J. Richard Trout  Wade Wander  Glenn S. Ritter 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,19(6):673-689

The abundance and distribution of ducks (Anatini, Cairinini, Aythyini, Mergini, Oxyurini) were examined at Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, a coastal estuary on Long Island, New York. The refuge contains a variety of tidal habitats as well two freshwater impoundments. The largest concentrations of diving ducks were present in March and April, and from October through December; while the largest concentrations of dabbling ducks were present from June through December. Thus, diving ducks used the refuge on migration whereas dabbling ducks used the refuge during and following the breeding season. Time of year was thus the most significant factor affecting distribution and abundance. Some species were present all year, including Black Duck Anas rubripes, Mallard A. platyrhynchos, Gadwall A. strepera, and Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis. Although both dabblers and divers used all areas of the bay, dabblers used both ponds while divers used only the East Pond. Dabbling ducks concentrated in the bay at low tide, and on the ponds at high tide. There were more divers on the bay on a falling tide although tide direction did not influence the abundance or distribution of dabblers. Temperature and wind variables influenced the distribution of all ducks: they used the bay at low temperatures, and rafted in large flocks on the bay in intermediate, Northwest winds. Only the numbers and distribution of dabblers were significantly influenced by cloud cover. We conclude that abiotic factors influence the abundance and distribution of ducks on Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, and that tidal factors should be considered when managing migratory or wintering populations of ducks.  相似文献   

Social and Geographic Contexts of Water Concerns in Utah     

Courtney G. Flint  Xin Dai  Douglas Jackson-Smith  Joanna Endter-Wada  Sara K. Yeo  Rebecca Hale 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(8):885-902

Public concerns about water issues are key considerations in responding to changing hydrologic conditions. Literature is mixed on the social profiles associated with resource-related risks. Using data from a household survey, we compare concerns about water shortage, climate change impacts on water supply, poor water quality, and flooding. We assess the combined influence of social and locational factors on each concern and variations across three valleys in northern Utah. Generalized linear mixed modeling is used, given the ordinal nature of most variables. Water shortage was the greatest concern, and female, older, nonwhite, and recreationally active respondents were generally more concerned about water issues than their counterparts. Education, income, and religious identity presented more complicated relationships with water concerns, with significant interaction effects with valley geography. This study has implications for improving public involvement in risk management and engendering support for future water policy and planning strategies to address these risks.  相似文献   

Saving our cities: a progressive plan to transform Urban America,by William W. Goldsmith     

Joanna Ganning 《Urban geography》2017,38(9):1451-1452

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THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF ROCKS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES     

H. P. Coster  E. C. Bullard  Dr. F.R.S 《Geophysical Journal International》1948,5(6):193-199

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Sir Gerald Lenox-Conyngham F. R. S.     

E. C. Bullard 《Journal of Geodesy》1947,21(1):1-3

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The close approaches and coalescence in triple systems of gravitating masses,I     

Joanna P. Anosova  Victor V. Orlov  Arthur D. Chernin  Ljudmila G. Kiseleva 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1989,158(1):19-33

By computer simulations, the dynamical evolution of plane triple systems of gaseous protogalaxies and galaxies with zero initial velocities has been studied. Inside the regionD of initial configurations some subregions have been revealed corresponding to a coalescence of protogalaxies on the first double approach. The average spin momenta of mergers are approximately equal to those typical of disk galaxies. In triple galaxies, a coalescence on the first double approach does not occur. The presence of significant hidden mass makes the approaches wider and prevents the coalescence of bodies in the systems without a central object. A central pair in a group of galaxies aids to coalescence. Also the change during time of the virial coefficient has been investigated.  相似文献   

Seasonal and interannual variability of the planktic foraminiferal flux in the vicinity of the Azores Current     

David Storz  Hartmut Schulz  Joanna J. Waniek  Detlef E. Schulz-Bull  Michal Kučera 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(1):107-124

Planktic foraminiferal (PF) flux and faunal composition from three sediment trap time series of 2002–2004 in the northeastern Atlantic show pronounced year-to-year variations despite similar sea surface temperature (SST). The averaged fauna of the in 2002/2003 is dominated by the species Globigerinita glutinata, whereas in 2003/2004 the averaged fauna is dominated by Globigerinoides ruber. We show that PF species respond primarily to productivity, triggered by the seasonal dynamics of vertical stratification of the upper water column. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals three distinct species groups, linked to bulk particle flux, to chlorophyll concentrations and to summer/fall oligotrophy with high SST and stratification. We speculate that the distinct nutrition strategies of strictly asymbiontic, facultatively symbiontic, and symbiontic species may play a key role in explaining their abundances and temporal succession. Advection of water masses within the Azores Current and species expatriation result in a highly diverse PF assemblage. The Azores Frontal Zone may have influenced the trap site in 2002, indicated by subsurface water cooling, by highest PF flux and high flux of the deep-dwelling species Globorotalia scitula. Similarity analyses with core top samples from the global ocean including 746 sites from the Atlantic suggest that the trap faunas have only poor analogs in the surface sediments. These differences have to be taken into account when estimating past oceanic properties from sediment PF data in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic.  相似文献   

A necessary voice: Climate change and lived experiences of youth in Rigolet,Nunatsiavut, Canada     

Joanna Petrasek MacDonald  Sherilee L. Harper  Ashlee Cunsolo Willox  Victoria L. Edge 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(1):360-371

Globally, youth voices and their experiences, observations, and perceptions about climatic and environmental change and variability are relatively absent in the published literature to date. To address this gap, the goal of this research was to explore the observations and perceptions of climate change held by youth (12–25 years old) in the Inuit community of Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Canada. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted with youth in Rigolet to gather data about climatic and environmental changes young people have observed, and the subsequent impacts of these changes on their lives, culture, and community. Youth reported observing and experiencing climatic and environmental changes throughout their lives, with reported impacts falling within five main themes: changing travel conditions and access to hunting; challenges to Inuit culture; a concern for Elder and senior well-being; strong climate-related emotional responses; and youth-identified potential adaptation strategies. More broadly, this research demonstrated that young people have valuable knowledge and perspectives to offer. In particular, researchers, community leaders, and policy makers are encouraged to meaningfully engage youth as crucial stakeholders in future climate change work, research, dialogue, and policy.  相似文献   

Peering inside the peak ring of the Chicxulub Impact Crater—its nature and formation mechanism     

Jaime Urrutia‐Fucugauchi  Ligia Prez‐Cruz  Joanna Morgan  Sean Gulick  Axel Wittmann  Johanna Lofi 《Geology Today》2019,35(2):68-72

The IODP‐ICDP Expedition 364 drilled into the Chicxulub crater, peering inside its well‐preserved peak ring. The borehole penetrated a sequence of post‐impact carbonates and a unit of suevites and clast‐poor impact melt rock at the top of the peak ring. Beneath this sequence, basement rocks cut by pre‐impact and impact dykes, with breccias and melt, were encountered at shallow depths. The basement rocks are fractured, shocked and uplifted, consistent with dynamic collapse, uplift and long‐distance transport of weakened material during collapse of the transient cavity and final crater formation.  相似文献