Contents to Volume 9     

Thomas Duncan  Timothy J. Shaw 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2003,9(4):361-362

Volume Contents

Contents to Volume 9  相似文献   

Geomagnetic reversals recorded in Chinese loess     

J. Shaw 《Surveys in Geophysics》1996,17(2):161-167

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Teleseismic travel-time anomalies and deep crustral structure in central Australia     

Kurt Lambeck  Greg Burgess  R. D. Shaw 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,94(1):105-124

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FACTOR ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES IN CHONDRITIC AND ACHONDRITIC METEORITES     

Dennis M. Shaw  Russell S. Harmon 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1975,10(3):253-282

Another explorative study of the use of factor analysis in meteorite geochemistry has been made. Forty-two major and trace elements were sought from analyses of 80 stony meteorites in recent articles. Incomplete data reduced the matrix to 30 elements in 55 stones. Missing data were substituted by mean values in the groups CC, (E+H+L+LL) and ACH (13, 28, 14 individuals, respectively): the effect of these substitutions was tested empirically. R-mode analysis with varimax rotation was carried out on these three sub-sets and on the whole set: interpretation focused on factor loadings and scores. Results on the three sub-sets gave little information of geochemical value, although the largest achondrite factor (lithophile elements) permits discrimination of eucrites, aubrites, diogenites and howardites. Analysis of all 55 meteorites showed the variance to be dominated by 1, a refractory-lithophile(Al, Mg, Ca, Zr, Sc, U, Th, La, Eu, Yb) factor, and 2, a volatile-chalcophile (Zn, Te, Cd, Bi, Tl) factor. Factor (1) scores will discriminate chondrites from achondrites: factor (2) scores delineate the compositional trend CC1, CC2, CC3, (E+H+L+LL) except for enstatite chondrites Indarch, Abee which fall with CC1. Further progress would need metal, sulphide and other mineral percentages for each meteorite.  相似文献   

Further evidence for a strong intermediate state of the palaeomagnetic field     

J. Shaw 《Geophysical Journal International》1977,48(2):263-269

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Publications     

T.L. Shaw 《Marine Policy》1977,1(3):270-271

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‘Modelling the Arctic Boundary Layer: An Evaluation of Six Arcmip Regional-Scale Models using Data from the Sheba Project’   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Michael Tjernström  Mark Žagar  Gunilla Svensson  John J. Cassano  Susanne Pfeifer  Annette Rinke  Klaus Wyser  Klaus Dethloff  Colin Jones  Tido Semmler  Michael Shaw 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2005,117(2):337-381

A primary climate change signal in the central Arctic is the melting of sea ice. This is dependent on the interplay between the atmosphere and the sea ice, which is critically dependent on the exchange of momentum, heat and moisture at the surface. In assessing the realism of climate change scenarios it is vital to know the quality by which these exchanges are modelled in climate simulations. Six state-of-the-art regional-climate models are run for one year in the western Arctic, on a common domain that encompasses the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment ice-drift track. Surface variables, surface fluxes and the vertical structure of the lower troposphere are evaluated using data from the SHEBA experiment. All the models are driven by the same lateral boundary conditions, sea-ice fraction and sea and sea-ice surface temperatures. Surface pressure, near-surface air temperature, specific humidity and wind speed agree well with observations, with a falling degree of accuracy in that order. Wind speeds have systematic biases in some models, by as much as a few metres per second. The surface radiation fluxes are also surprisingly accurate, given the complexity of the problem. The turbulent momentum flux is acceptable, on average, in most models, but the turbulent heat fluxes are, however, mostly unreliable. Their correlation with observed fluxes is, in principle, insignificant, and they accumulate over a year to values an order of magnitude larger than observed. Typical instantaneous errors are easily of the same order of magnitude as the observed net atmospheric heat flux. In the light of the sensitivity of the atmosphere–ice interaction to errors in these fluxes, the ice-melt in climate change scenarios must be viewed with considerable caution.  相似文献   

Progress in Providing Safe Drinking Water     

Charlene E. Shaw  Veronica Blette 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2005,25(3):46-50

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Heritage, politics and identity in Southeast Asia: an introduction     

Rahil Ismail  Ooi Giok Ling  Brian J. Shaw 《GeoJournal》2006,66(3):161-163

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Trace/minor element:calcium ratios in cultured benthic foraminifera. Part II: Ontogenetic variation     

Christopher J. Hintz  Timothy J. Shaw  Joan M. Bernhard  G. Thomas Chandler  Daniel C. McCorkle 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2006,70(8):1964-1976

Ontogenetic (developmental stage) measurements of Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca were made on the benthic foraminifer Bulimina aculeata, which were cultured under controlled physicochemical conditions of temperature, pH, alkalinity, salinity, and trace- and minor-element concentrations. We utilized two methods of ontogenetic sampling—whole specimens progressively increasing in length and laser microdissection of a single specimen with subsequent analysis of dissected portions. A novel high-resolution laser-microdissection (HRLM) method allowed for precise (10 μm) cuts of the foraminiferal tests (shells) along the geometrically complex sutures distinguishing individual chambers. This new microdissection method limited sample loss and cross-contamination between foraminiferal chambers. Little or no variation in D_Sr was observed at different foraminiferal developmental stages. Conversely, D_Mg was enriched during a mid-developmental stage of whole-specimen samples (150-225 μm D_Mg = 1.6 × 10⁻³) compared to earlier and later stages (<150 μm, >225 μm D_Mg = 8.3 × 10⁻⁴). Further analysis of HRLM ontogenetic samples showed a larger, age-dependent D_Mg signature variation. This increase in shell Mg/Ca may contribute substantially to the measured inter-individual variability in Mg/Ca temperature prediction for cultured B. aculeata. Due to relatively large Mg/Ca inter- and intra-individual variability, measuring similar-size foraminiferal samples may improve the precision of paleotemperature prediction. Additionally, partial dissolution of the highest ontogenetically Mg-enriched calcite (D_Mg = 1.3 × 10⁻²-1.6 × 10⁻²) may occur in undersaturated bottom-water environments or during reductive cleaning procedures. Thus, the calcite phases remaining after partial dissolution by either natural or laboratory cleaning processes may not accurately represent the calcification environment.  相似文献