Measurements of biomarker levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic)     

Kopecka J  Lehtonen KK  Barsiene J  Broeg K  Vuorinen PJ  Gercken J  Pempkowiak J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,53(8-9):406-421

In the framework of the EU funded BEEP project a set of biomarkers, gross morphometric indices and tissue concentrations of selected organic pollutants were measured in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and mussels (Mytilus trossulus) collected twice a year (April and October) from three sites in the inner Gulf of Gdańsk between autumn 2001 and spring 2003. In flounder, seasonal differences in most biomarkers were observed, but no correlations with tissue pollutant levels could be found. In mussels, highly variable levels in biomarker responses were seen, but no clear seasonal or spatial trends, directly related to tissue concentrations, could be established. The observed biomarkers distribution the study sites are probably mostly caused by interannual, seasonal and individual variability and, in case of flounder, possibly by exchange of stocks between the sampling sites.  相似文献   

ENA detection in the dayside of Mars: ASPERA-3 NPD statistical study     

A. Mura  S. Orsini  E. Kallio  S. Barabash  A. Grigoriev  H. Andersson  M. Yamauchi  N. Krupp  K. Asamura  C.C. Curtis  B.R. Sandel  M. Grande  J.U. Kozyra  S. McKenna-Lawlor  R. D’Amicis  S. Massetti  P.C. Brandt  R.A. Frahm 《Planetary and Space Science》2008,56(6):840-845

The Analyzer of Space Plasma and EneRgetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) on board Mars Express is designed to study the interaction between the solar wind and the atmosphere of Mars and to characterize the plasma and neutral gas environment in near-Mars space. Neutral Particle Detectors (NPD-1 and 2), which form part of the ASPERA-3 instrument suite, are Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) detectors which use the time-of-flight (ToF) technique to resolve the energy of detected particles. In the present study, we perform a statistical analysis of NPD ToF data collected between 14 March 2004 and 17 June 2004 when Mars Express was located at the dayside of Mars looking toward the planet. After pre-processing and removal of UV contamination, the ToF spectra were fitted with simple analytical functions so as to derive a set of parameters. The behavior of these parameters, as a function of spacecraft position and attitude, is compared with a model, which describes ENA generation by charge exchange between shocked solar wind protons and extended Martian exosphere. The observations and the model agree well, indicating that the recorded signals are charge-exchanged shocked solar wind.  相似文献   

The Venusian induced magnetosphere: A case study of plasma and magnetic field measurements on the Venus Express mission     

E. Kallio  T.L. Zhang  R. Jarvinen  P. Janhunen  J.-A. Sauvaud  J.-J. Thocaven  H. Andersson  K. Brinkfeldt  M. Holmström  M. Yamauchi  W. Baumjohann  A.J. Coates  D.O. Kataria  K.C. Hsieh  M. Grande  T. Säles  P. Riihelä  N. Krupp  J.G. Luhmann  S. Orsini  A. Mura  M. Maggi  P. Brandt  K. Szego  R.A. Frahm  J.R. Sharber  P. Bochsler 《Planetary and Space Science》2008,56(6):796-801

Plasma and magnetic field measurements made onboard the Venus Express on June 1, 2006, are analyzed and compared with predictions of a global model. It is shown that in the orbit studied, the plasma and magnetic field observations obtained near the North Pole under solar minimum conditions were qualitatively and, in many cases also, quantitatively in agreement with the general picture obtained using a global numerical quasi-neutral hybrid model of the solar wind interaction (HYB-Venus). In instances where the orbit of Venus Express crossed a boundary referred to as the magnetic pileup boundary (MPB), field line tracing supports the suggestion that the MPB separates the region that is magnetically connected to the fluctuating magnetosheath field from a region that is magnetically connected to the induced magnetotail lobes.  相似文献   

Variations of the magnetic field near Mars caused by magnetic crustal anomalies     

R.A. Frahm  E. Kallio  A. Fedorov 《Planetary and Space Science》2008,56(6):856-860

The possible avenues for photoelectron transport were determined during southern hemisphere winter at Mars by using a mapping analysis of the theoretical magnetic field. Magnetic field line tracing was performed by superposing two magnetic field models: (1) magnetic field derived from a three-dimensional (3D) self-consistent quasi-neutral hybrid model which does not contain the Martian crustal magnetic anomalies and (2) a 3D map of the magnetic field associated with the magnetic anomalies based on Mars Global Surveyor magnetic field measurements. It was found that magnetic field lines connected to the nightside of the planet are mainly channeled within the optical shadow of the magnetotail whereas magnetic field lines connected to the dayside of the planet are observed to form the remainder of the magnetosphere. The simulation suggests that the crustal anomalies create “a magnetic shield” by decreasing the region near Mars which is magnetically connected to the Martian magnetosphere. The rotation of Mars causes periodic changes in magnetic connectivity, but not to qualitative changes in the overall magnetic field draping around Mars.  相似文献   

Book review     

Kari Saari 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1988,21(3):229-231

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Age determination of Baltic herring from whole otoliths and from neutral red stained otolith cross sections   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Peltonen  Heikki; Raitaniemi  Jari; Parmanne  Raimo; Eklund  Jan; Nyberg  Kari; Halling  Folke 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(2):323-332

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Not In The Same World: Topological Youths,Topographical Policies          下载免费PDF全文

Kirsi Pauliina Kallio 《Geographical review》2018,108(4):566-591

Public attitudes continue to portray youths in Western societies as being passive and disengaged. Critical scholars are largely unanimous in that the misrecognition of and disrespect for young people's everyday experiences and activities form a major reason why they appear detached from politics and public life. Contributing to this debate, this paper traces the everyday experiences of some Finnish urban youths, and argues that their lived worlds differ notably from the worlds of the public administration that seeks to address youths as active citizens. Based on these findings, the paper proposes the pragmatically oriented concepts of “issue publics” and “topological connectives” for rethinking youth participation and democratic life more broadly.  相似文献   

Crowdsourcing The National Map     

Elizabeth A. McCartney  Kari J. Craun  Erin Korris  David A. Brostuen  Laurence R. Moore 《制图学和地理信息科学》2015,42(4):54-57

Using crowdsourcing techniques, the US Geological Survey’s (USGS) Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) project known as “The National Map Corps (TNMCorps)” encourages citizen scientists to collect and edit data about man-made structures in an effort to provide accurate and authoritative map data for the USGS National Geospatial Program’s web-based The National Map. VGI is not new to the USGS, but past efforts have been hampered by available technologies. Building on lessons learned, TNMCorps volunteers are successfully editing 10 different structure types in all 50 states as well as Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands.  相似文献   

Biomarker responses in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and mussel (Mytilus edulis) in the Klaipeda-Būtinge area (Baltic Sea)     

Barsiene J  Lehtonen KK  Koehler A  Broeg K  Vuorinen PJ  Lang T  Pempkowiak J  Syvokiene J  Dedonyte V  Rybakovas A  Repecka R  Vuontisjärvi H  Kopecka J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,53(8-9):422-436

During the EU project BEEP a battery of biomarkers was applied in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) collected at three locations off the Lithuanian coast (Baltic Sea) in June and September 2001 and 2002. The elevated biomarker responses in specimens sampled in September 2001 were apparently related to the extensive dredging activities in the Klaipeda port area and subsequent dumping of contaminated sediments. High concentrations of organic pollutants (organochlorines and PBDEs) were also measured in the tissues of both indicator species. In addition, response levels of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity as well as concentrations of PAH metabolites in the bile of flounder showed elevations in 2002 after an oil spill in the Būtinge oil terminal in November 2001. In flounder, biomarker measurements 10 months after the spill indicated recovery processes but in mussels a high level of genotoxicity could still be observed 22 months later. The present study illustrates the usefulness of the multi-biomarker approach in the detection of biological effects of pollution in this region of the Baltic Sea.  相似文献   

The BEEP project in the Baltic Sea: overview of results and outline for a regional biological effects monitoring strategy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lehtonen KK  Schiedek D  Köhler A  Lang T  Vuorinen PJ  Förlin L  Barsiene J  Pempkowiak J  Gercken J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,53(8-9):523-537

Field studies in the framework of the EU funded BEEP project (Biological Effects of Environmental Pollution in Marine Coastal Ecosystems, 2001-2004) aimed at validating and intercalibrating a battery of biomarkers of contaminant exposure and effects in selected indicator species in the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic and the Baltic Seas. Major strategic goals of the BEEP project were the development of a sensitive and cost-efficient biological effects monitoring approach, delivery of information and advice to end-user groups, and the implementation of a network of biomarker researchers around Europe. Based on the main results obtained in the Baltic Sea component of the BEEP the present paper summarises and assesses the applicability of biomarkers for different regions and species in this sea area. Moreover, a general strategy and some practical considerations for the monitoring of biological effects in the Baltic Sea are outlined.  相似文献