The knowledge rules of debris flow event: A case study for investigation Chen Yu Lan River, Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Wan  T.C. Lei  P.C. Huang  T.Y. Chou 《Engineering Geology》2008,98(3-4):102-114

Debris flow, one of the most active hydrological processes, brings about a great loss of life and properties in the Chen Yu Lan River area, Nan-Tou County, Taiwan. The goal of this study is to manage and monitor the debris flows in a vast area. Thus, the strategy is to collect hydraulical and in-situ data easily and quickly through our spatial information system. Then, a novel Data Mining technique will be developed to find a rule-based knowledge system of debris flow. The entire study can be divided into two parts. In the first part, using spatial information the debris flow image is extracted from the outbreak area. The system provides precise positional information pertaining to the debris flow events. Attributes such as effective watershed area, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and slope are automatically obtained from the system. In the second part of this study, K-mean theory is used to classify the observed hydraulical and in-situ data into different categories. Then, the ‘Effective Rough Set’ method is successfully used to analyze the factors influencing the debris flow phenomenon and delivers rational knowledge rules. The contribution of this study is presented that NDVI, slope and effective watershed area are the major factors influencing debris flow in the study area. The knowledge rules can provide better understanding on the elevation of high potential debris catchments.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西秋里塔格构造带走滑双重构造与“三明治”构造地质建模   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨明慧  金之钧  吕修祥  孙冬胜  彭更新  雷刚林 《地质论评》2008,54(2):155-161

据地球物理、地质以及遥感图像解释,西秋里塔格构造带地面发育走滑双重构造,其形成受前古近系基底走滑构造影响。由于基底构造与地面构造之间发育巨厚的古近系蒸发盐,使得这种联系具有间接性。走滑双重构造是在喜马拉雅期南天山—塔里木前陆近南北向挤压和基底左行走滑的复合作用下形成的,具有松弛弯曲背景下的扭张性质。西秋里塔格构造带前古近系基底以花状构造变形为主;盐上盖层为倾滑变形的构造三角带,两者与其间的盐构造共同构成研究区的“三明治”构造地质模型。  相似文献   

河南鲁山地区中-新太古代灰色片麻岩   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨长秀  王世炎  刘振宏  雷正化  杨长青 《地质论评》2008,54(3)

河南鲁山地区原划归太古宇太华群中解体出中—新太古代变形侵入体,由魏庄片麻岩和榆树庄片麻岩组成,变质程度达角闪岩相,局部为麻粒岩相。地球化学特征显示高铝质片麻岩特征,原岩为奥长花岗岩—英云闪长岩—花岗闪长岩(TTG岩系),从而为该地区发育中—新太古代花岗岩—绿岩带提供了证据。  相似文献   

黄土洞穴侵蚀速率的现场试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

颜宇森  项伟  雷海英 《水文地质工程地质》2008,35(5):106-109

文章通过对三组人工和天然黄土洞穴进行了现场侵蚀速率试验,对比分析降水量对黄土斜坡洞穴侵蚀速率的影响,同时分析在相同时间段里进入洞穴的水量与该时间段内的侵蚀速率的变化关系。试验结果表明:人工黄土洞穴侵蚀速率随着水流量的增大而增大,而对于天然洞穴则相反;在相同时间段里,黄土天然洞穴的侵蚀速率随进入洞穴水量速度的增加反而减小,且黄土洞穴的侵蚀速率较水流量具有滞后现象。  相似文献   

博格达南缘二叠系古土壤类型及其在层序地层研究中的应用   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

冯乔  杨晚  柳益群 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):725-729

古土壤是在地质时期经成壤作用改造原岩而形成土壤。野外实地详细考察和室内研究表明,博格达南缘二叠系中发育4类古土壤,即有机土壤,发育于土壤剖面的近顶部,属于潮湿古环境的产物;泥质土壤,主要发育于淋滤带和淋滤带底部泥质沉淀带,形成于长期淋滤和比较潮湿的古环境;铁质土壤以富含铁质结核为特征,是长期淋滤和潮湿古环境的标志;钙质土壤以富含钙质结核为特征,是干旱—半干旱古环境的标志。通过古土壤的研究能够精细地划分层序旋回和恢复沉积古环境。  相似文献   

铜陵狮子山地区中酸性侵入岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及岩浆作用的深部过程   总被引：24，自引：11，他引：13  

吴才来  董树文  国和平  郭祥炎  高前明  刘良根  陈其龙  雷敏 《岩石学报》2008,24(8)

铜陵狮子山地区中酸性侵入岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明,白茫山辉石二长闪长岩、鸡冠山和大团山石英二长闪长岩以及胡村花岗闪长岩的年龄分别为:138.21 ±0.82Ma、139.9 ±1.1Ma、139.3 ±1.2Ma和140.9 ±1.2Ma.岩浆侵位顺序为花岗闪长岩→石英二长闪长岩→辉石二长闪长岩.根据锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄变化范围,推测该区岩浆活动持续的时间约为15Ma,且岩浆属脉动式多次侵位,后期岩浆侵位的热使早期岩体中已结晶的锆石发生熔解、重结晶,形成新的锆石.地下深部岩浆活动频繁,形成了多级岩浆房,使得本区的莫霍面界线不明显.  相似文献   

Thick-skinned Contractional Salt Structures in the Kuqa Depression, the Northern Tarim Basin: Constraints from Physical Experiments     

YU Yixin  TANG Liangjie  YANG Wenjing  JIN Wenzheng  PENG Gengxin  LEI Ganglin 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(2):327-333

Thick-skinned contractional salt structures are widely developed in the western Kuqa depression, northern Tarim basin. To understand the mechanisms that govern the development of these structures, physical experiments are conducted and the results show that they are largely governed by the activities of basement faults and the forming of paleo-uplifts and basement slopes. The model materials in this study are dry sand, vaseline and plasticene （or hard foam）, simulating the suprasalt, salt, and subsalt layers respectively. The experiments show that, due to the activities of basement faults and the forming of the paleo-uplifts, salt bodies usually accumulate and thicken significantly on the middle top of the paleo-uplifts which are constrained by the pre-exiting boundary faults. The development of large-scale thrust faults and salt nappes is favored by the basement slops with larger dips. The experiments also conclude that differential structural deformation could occur between the subsalt and suprasalt layers because of the presence of salt layers. Their geometries and the locations of structural highs are different, despite of the great similarities in the uplifted areas. The pierced salt diapir is not observed in the experiments, which indicates that the contractional shortening does not effectively accelerate the development of the salt diapir.  相似文献   

Typomorpic Characteristics of the Major Minerals in the Puziwan Gold Deposit, Datong, Shanxi, China     

QING Min  NIU Cuiyi  LEI Shibin 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(4):781-787

Utilizing theories of minerageny and prospecting mineralogy, the authors studied the attitude, morphotype and chemical composition of metallic minerals of pyrite, gold, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite, non-metallic minerals of quartz, carbonate, dolomite and rutile in the Puziwan gold deposit. The study shows the following results. （1） The mineral assemblage is complex and the species of sulfide are abundant with occurrences of sulfosalt minerals. （2） The composition in the minerals is complex and there rich micro elements, including As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr, Ni, V. The typomorphic characteristics of the association of the elements and their specific value suggest that gold mineralization is associated with shallow magmatic hydrothermal activity, the oreforming fluid is the mixture of abundant rising alkali magmatic water originating from the mantle or the lower crust and the descending acid atmospheric water. （3） Ankerite, Fe-rich sphalerite, granular Ti-rich rutile are widely distributed, which indicate great denudation depths, high mineralization temperature. The deposit is found in the middle and shallow positions of the porphyry series. The deep layers are not favorable for gold mineralization. （4） Copper minerals are rich in the ores and sulfides have high content of copper, suggesting possible porphyry-type Cu （Au） mineralization in deep positions and the surrounding areas.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷孤西负反转断层形成演化定量研究及其油气地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷超  任建业  吴梅莲  祁鹏  胡德胜 《大地构造与成矿学》2008,32(4)

以高精度三维地震资料和钻井资料为基础,对研究区断裂构造进行精细解释,确定孤西断层为"薄底型"的、且表现为北段缓而南段陡、并向西倾的负反转构造;通过回剥技术和平衡剖面等定量分析技术对垂直穿越孤西断层的典型地震剖面研究揭示,孤西断层在J3-K1时期断层性质发生改变,由逆断层反转变为正断层,且在印支、J3-K1和Ek-Es4时期剖面拉伸率分别为-4%,17.2%和18.5%;沿孤西断层走向方向不同位置计算其断层活动速率表明该断层整体经历了负反转运动。以上述分析为基础,论文从烃源岩、圈闭、储集岩和油气运移角度,探讨了孤西负反转断层在孤岛潜山油气成藏方面的重要意义。  相似文献   

地质雷达特征图像与典型地质现象的对应关系   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

肖宏跃  雷宛  杨威 《煤田地质与勘探》2008,36(4)

地质雷达是浅层地质勘探的有效方法,其对断层破碎带、裂隙带、富水带、岩溶洞穴等不良地质灾害有明显的异常反映。地质雷达测量方式、测线布置及系统参数的选择,可根据测量环境以及探测目标体的大致走向、规模、物性等情况综合分析,做出合理选择。通过用地质雷达对多个工区进行工程勘查,从地质雷达图像的波形、频率、振幅、相位及电磁波能量吸收情况(或自动增益梯度)等细节特征的变化规律出发,建立了典型地质现象与地质雷达特征图像的对应关系,可以作为地质雷达图像解释的重要判据。  相似文献