Pennsylvanian glacimarine sedimentation in the Cushamen Formation,western North Patagonian Massif     

Paulo Marcos  Daniel A.Gregori  Leonardo Benedini  Mercedes Barros  Leonardo Strazzere  Cecilia Pavon Pivetta 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(2):485-504

The metasedimentary sequence of the Cushamen Formation in the western North Patagonian Massif is540 m thick and comprises six sedimentary lithofacies associations related to a glacimarine environment.Four of these lithofacies represent distal glacimarine environments, whereas another one was deposited in proximal glacimarine environments, and the last includes subglacial environments. The organization and configuration of these lithofacies associations represent the advance and retreat of the glacier masses. The maximum glacial advance is correlatable with the G2 glacial interval of the Pennsylvanian Pampa de Tepuel, Las Salinas and Valley Chico, formations of the Extraandean Chubut, and the southern part of Neuquen Cordillera. Contemporaneously, in southern Chile there are marine and glacimarine sediments. The chronostratigraphic relationships between the Silurian to Permian units allow five paleogeographic stages to be distinguished. The middle Silurian-late Devonian igneous rocks represent the first magmatic stage. The second stage, which is transitional to the first, is represented by a marine basin that includes the late Devonian-early Carboniferous Esquel and Rio Pescado formations and the Llanquihue Complex. The third stage(early-late Carboniferous) includes granitoids of the second magmatic event that partially overlapped the first magmatic igneous belt. The fourth stage belongs to the late Carboniferous sedimentation of the Cushamen and equivalent formations. The extended early Permian magmatism was the last Paleozoic event in the studied area.  相似文献   

Editorial to the topical collection in Environmental Earth Sciences “Stone in the architectural heritage: from quarry to monuments—environment,exploitation, properties and durability”     

Siegfried Siegesmund  Luís Sousa  Rubén Alfonso López-Doncel 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(21):730

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In situ and nondestructive characterization of mechanical properties of heritage stone masonry     

Orenday-Tapia Edith Estefanía  Pacheco-Martínez Jesús  Padilla-Ceniceros Raudel  López-Doncel Rubén Alfonso 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(7):286

The necessity of conserving and preserving the heritage is nowadays a developing study line for several researchers. From a civil engineering perspective, one of the most important issues for the conservation of historical buildings is to ensure the structural stability. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the mechanical properties of the ancient construction materials. However, these structures cannot be evaluated by destructive tests due to politics and restrictions for preserving the heritage built. As a consequence, new methods that do not put in risk the integrity of the materials and the structure are becoming useful tools for researchers who work on structural engineering of heritage buildings. This paper presents a nondestructive method (NDM) that has been used to characterize the mechanical properties of different constructive systems of the San Antonio de Padua Temple, which is a religious icon in Aguascalientes, Mexico. This method includes the measuring of seismic waves’ travel time in order to obtain shear and compressional velocity waves. Results show that with this method mechanical properties of masonry can be obtained such as Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio and bulk density, which are needed for the structural analysis using numerical simulation models.  相似文献   

From the plutonic root to the volcanic roof of a continental magmatic arc: a review of the Neoproterozoic Araçuaí orogen,southeastern Brazil     

Gonçalves  Leonardo  Alkmim  Fernando F.  Pedrosa-Soares  Antônio  Gonçalves  Cristiane C.  Vieira  Valter 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,107(1):337-358

International Journal of Earth Sciences - The Araçuaí-West Congo orogen (AWCO) is one of the various components of the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogenic network generated during the...  相似文献   

LARAM School 2018: the doctoral school on “LAndslide Risk Assessment and Mitigation”     

Leonardo Cascini  Michele Calvello  Sabatino Cuomo 《Landslides》2018,15(7):1445-1447

The international school for PhD students and young doctors on “LAndslide Risk Assessment and Mitigation” (LARAM) is presented and, specifically, information is provided about the next edition of the doctoral school that will held in Italy, at the University of Salerno, on September 3–14, 2018. The LARAM School is managed by the Geotechnical Engineering Group (GEG) of the University of Salerno, which recently became an Associate member of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL). The 2018 edition of the LARAM School is organised as an ICL/IPL activity.  相似文献   

Expert engagement in participatory processes: translating stakeholder discourses into policy options     

Linnerooth-Bayer  JoAnne  Scolobig  Anna  Ferlisi  Settimio  Cascini  Leonardo  Thompson  Michael 《Natural Hazards》2015,81(1):69-88

This paper demonstrates an innovative role for experts in supporting participatory policy processes with an application to landslide risk management in the Italian town of Nocera Inferiore. Experts co-produce risk mitigation options based on their specialized knowledge taking account of local knowledge and values by directly coupling stakeholder discourses with option design. Drawing on the theory of plural rationality and based on a literature review, interviews and a public questionnaire, stakeholder discourses are elicited on the landslide risk problem and its solution. Armed with the discourses and in close interaction with stakeholders, experts provide a range of technical mitigation options, each within a given budget constraint. These options are subsequently deliberated in the participatory process with the intent of reaching compromise recommendations for landslide risk mitigation. As we show in an accompanying paper, “Compromise not consensus. Designing a participatory process for landslide risk mitigation” (this issue), the provision of multiple co-produced policy options enhances stakeholder deliberation by respecting legitimate differences in values and worldviews.

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Effect of Weather-Related Episodic Events over Chlorophyll-a In a Shallow Lake: an Analysis Based on High-Frequency Data     

Zunino  Josefina  Alfonso  María Belén  Vitale  Alejandro José  Piccolo  María Cintia 《Water Resources》2021,48(4):614-623

Water Resources - With conventional monitoring at low-frequency, biological responses to weather-related events are missed. In this paper, we examine the chlorophyll-a concentrations in a shallow...  相似文献   

Temporal distribution of heavy metal concentrations in oysters Crassostrea rhizophorae from the central Venezuelan coast     

Juan A. Alfonso  Helga Handt  Abrahan Mora  Yaneth Vásquez  José Azocar  Eunice Marcano 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

The oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae is a bivalve abundant in Venezuelan estuaries and consumed by local populations. No known values have been reported on trace metals in oysters from the central Venezuelan coast. We report the concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V and Zn in the soft parts of C. rhizophorae, which were collected bimonthly between March 2008 and March 2009, at two sampling areas from the Central Venezuelan Coast: Buche estuary and Mochima estuary. Our results show that for each metal there is a similar temporal variation pattern. The concentrations of the heavy metals reported in this work are useful as reliable baselines and can be used for comparison in future environment studies. Concentrations in C. rhizophorae from the Buche estuary can be interpreted to be high on a global scale for Cd, Cu, Ni and Mn, indicating atypically raised bioavailabilities.  相似文献   

Linear stability analysis of the explicit treatment of mobilities in non-Newtonian and non-Darcy porous media flow simulation     

Leonardo Patacchini  Romain de Loubens 《Computational Geosciences》2014,18(2):185-209

A von Neumann stability analysis of the discretized conservation equation for single-phase porous media flows is performed, where non-Newtonian and non-Darcy effects are accounted for using a velocity (or mass flux)-dependent mobility factor. Comprehensive results in three dimensions for two low-order finite-volume discretizations typically encountered in reservoir simulation are provided, based on edge-centered and upstream cell-centered mobility calculations. It is found that common semi-implicit schemes, where the pressure gradient driving the flow is taken implicitly while the velocity-dependent mobility is evaluated explicitly, are subject to restrictions on the logarithmic derivative of mobility with respect to velocity. A remarkable new result is nevertheless obtained: for any physically acceptable strength of non-Newtonian and non-Darcy effects, there exists a stable and explicit method to evaluate the mobility, rendering the need to implement costly fully implicit schemes more difficult to justify.  相似文献   

Differential Hydrogeological Effects of Draining Tunnels Through the Northern Apennines,Italy     

Valentina Vincenzi  Alessandro Gargini  Nico Goldscheider  Leonardo Piccinini 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(3):947-965

Water inflows are a major challenge in tunnelling and particularly difficult to predict in geological settings consisting of heterogeneous sedimentary rock formations with complex tectonic structure. For a high-speed railway line between Bologna and Florence (Italy), a series of seven railway tunnels was drilled through turbiditic formations, ranging from pelitic rocks with thin arenitic layers over sequences including thick-bedded sandstone to calcareous rocks showing chemical dissolution phenomena (karstification). The tunnels were built as draining tunnels and caused significant impacts, such as drying of springs and base-flow losses at mountain streams. A comprehensive hydrological monitoring programme and four multi-tracer test were done, focusing on four sections of the tunnel system. The tracer tests delivered unprecedented data on groundwater flow and transport in turbiditic aquifers and made it possible to better characterize the differential impacts of tunnel drainage along a geological gradient. The impact radius is 200 m in the thin-bedded sequences but reaches 2.3–4.0 km in calcareous and thick-bedded arenitic turbidites. Linear flow velocities, as determined from the peaks of the tracer breakthrough curves, range from 3.6 m/day in the thin-bedded turbidites to 39 m/day in the calcareous rocks (average values from the four test sites). At several places, discrete fault zones were identified as main hydraulic pathways between impacted streams and draining tunnels. This case shows that ignoring the hydrogeological conditions in construction projects can cause terrible damage, and the study presents an approach to better predict hydraulic impacts of draining tunnels in complex sedimentary rock settings.  相似文献