RADARSATSNBSAR数据在大面积水稻估产中的应用研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李岩  彭少麟  廖其芳  廖圣东 《地球科学进展》2003,18(1):109-115

由于雷达遥感的全天候、全天时的优势,使之成为南方大范围农业信息动态监测的最佳遥感手段。为了适宜于运行系统,本研究采用加拿大雷达卫星（RADARSAT）窄波扫描模式（SNB）数据,以广东省为例进行了大范围水稻估产。通过建立稻作图谱,解决了在地形复杂、农业集约化程度低、水稻田分布不规则,且地块间田间管理水平差异很大等诸多因素影响下的水稻信息提取问题;在野外观测站采集的水稻生长期生理生态数据的基础上,建立了基于RADARSAT SNB SAR的雷达遥感时序信息水稻估产模型。通过2000年早、晚两季水稻估产的实践证明,此模型估产的精度在平原区达到95％,而在复杂的丘岭谷地则需进一步提高图像预处理的精度,改进特殊地段估产模型的精度。从实用性而言,这是一套高效、经济的技术方法,易于投入实际运行阶段。  相似文献   

中国中奥陶世岩相古地理   总被引：18，自引：10，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

冯增昭  彭勇民  金振奎  鲍志东 《古地理学报》2003,5(3):263-278

本文是中国早、中、晚寒武世和早奥陶世岩相古地理诸文的继续。在笔者等的华北地区、华南地区和西北地区寒武纪和奥陶纪定量岩相古地理研究及编图成果的基础上,结合其他地区（主要是蒙兴地区、昆仑秦岭地区、西藏地区、海南岛地区和台湾地区）的地质资料,编制出了中国中奥陶世岩相古地理图,并撰写出本文。华北地区、华南地区和西北地区的研究程度较高,其岩相古地理图和文字论述都是定量的。其他地区的研究程度较低,其岩相古地理图和相应的文字论述则是定性的和概略性的。中国中奥陶世岩相古地理的基本格局仍和早奥陶世的一样为“两槽和三台相间分布”。两槽即天山北山蒙辽吉槽地和昆仑秦岭槽地,三台即准噶尔蒙兴台地、塔里木柴达木华北台地和西藏华南台地。但是这些古地理单元及其次级古地理单元的特征却与早奥陶世的有所不同或大不相同。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal trend of sewage pollution indicated by coprostanol in Macao Estuary,southern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Peng X  Zhang G  Mai B  Min Y  Wang Z 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):295-299

Bottom sediments and a ²¹⁰Pb dated sedimentary core in Macao Estuary were quantitatively analyzed with GC-MS for coprostanol and other sterols. Higher coprostanol concentrations were detected at Port Interior and Lower Qianshan River, indicative of serious sewage pollution from densely populated Macao Island and Zhuhai City. However, very low concentrations of coprostanol were detected around Coloane Island as well as Port Exterior and Maliuzhou River except sites adjacent sewage outlets. Coprostanol pollution in Macao Estuary originates mainly from locally direct discharge of untreated wastewater. The concentrations of coprostanol in ZJ-9 were mainly in range of 150–280 ng/g with an average of 210 ng/g for more than 20 years from early 1970s to early 1990s. However, it increased obviously since 1993, and reached the highest in 1995–1996. However, a sharp decrease of coprostanol concentration from 470 to 31 ng/g after 1996 was observed corresponding to the first wastewater treatment plant in Taipa Island going into action.  相似文献   

"三联式"资源定量预测与评价--数字找矿理论与实践探讨   总被引：42，自引：4，他引：38  

赵鹏大 《地球科学》2002,27(5):482-489

随着信息技术的发展,矿产勘查已步入数字化,定量化研究的新阶段。“三联式”成矿预测及资源评价途径正是“数字找矿”的创新探索。“三联式”成矿预测以地质异常分析为基础,以成矿多样性分析与矿床谱系研究为指导,将地质异常,成矿多样性及矿床谱系三方面定量化研究紧密结合形成矿产预测及定量评价的有机切入点,是实现全面数字找矿的必由之路,也是矿产勘查评价领域应用信息技术的基础和前提。  相似文献   

Type III burst pair     

Ning  Zongjun  Fu  Qijun  Lu  Quankang 《Solar physics》2000,194(1):137-145

We present a special solar radio burst detected on 5 January 1994 using the multi-channel (50) spectrometer (1.0–2.0 GHz) of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory (BAO). Sadly, the whole event could not be recorded since it had a broader bandwidth than the limit range of the instrument. The important part was obtained, however. The event is composed of a normal drift type III burst on the lower frequency side and a reverse drift type III burst appearing almost simultaneously on the high side. We call the burst type III a burst pair. It is a typical characteristic of two type III bursts that they are morphologically symmetric about some frequency from 1.64 GHz to 1.78 GHz on the dynamic spectra records, which indicates that there are two different electron beams from the same acceleration region travelling simultaneously in opposite directions (upward and downward). A magnetic reconnection mode is a nice interpretation of type III burst pair since the plasma beta 0.01 is much less than 1 and the beams have velocity of about 1.07×10⁸ cm s^–1 after leaving the reconnection region if we assume that the ambient magnetic field strength is about 100 G.  相似文献   

陕西二台子铜金床钠长石碳酸（角砾）岩类特征及形成构造背景分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

方维萱  张国伟 《岩石学报》2000,16(3):392-400

从岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学、地球化学、稀土元素等方面研究了二台子铜金矿内长石炭酸（角砾）岩类地质地球化学特征。晚泥盆世－石炭纪,在区域幔羽构造作用下,深部热流体沿先存在构造通道上升进入镇安二台子三级热水沉积盆地之中,形成了石英重晶石炭酸角砾岩、碳酸角砾岩、复成分角砾岩、钠长岩、钠长石碳酸岩,受同性断裂及层位控制明显,并构成了金的矿源层及普遍金矿化。燕山期,具有幔源特征的深部含矿热流体在北东、北西向  相似文献   

A bed‐load transport model for rough turbulent open‐channel flows on plane beds     

Athol D. Abrahams  Peng Gao 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(7):910-928

Data from flume studies are used to develop a model for predicting bed‐load transport rates in rough turbulent two‐dimensional open‐channel flows moving well sorted non‐cohesive sediments over plane mobile beds. The object is not to predict transport rates in natural channel flows but rather to provide a standard against which measured bed‐load transport rates influenced by factors such as bed forms, bed armouring, or limited sediment availability may be compared in order to assess the impact of these factors on bed‐load transport rates. The model is based on a revised version of Bagnold's basic energy equation i_bs_b = e_bω, where i_b is the immersed bed‐load transport rate, ω is flow power per unit area, e_b is the efficiency coefficient, and s_b is the stress coefficient defined as the ratio of the tangential bed shear stress caused by grain collisions and fluid drag to the immersed weight of the bed load. Expressions are developed for s_b and e_b in terms of G, a normalized measure of sediment transport stage, and these expressions are substituted into the revised energy equation to obtain the bed‐load transport equation i_b = ω G ^3·4. This equation applies regardless of the mode of bed‐load transport (i.e. saltation or sheet flow) and reduces to i_b = ω where G approaches 1 in the sheet‐flow regime. That i_b = ω does not mean that all the available power is dissipated in transporting the bed load. Rather, it reflects the fact that i_b is a transport rate that must be multiplied by s_b to become a work rate before it can be compared with ω. It follows that the proportion of ω that is dissipated in the transport of bed load is i_bs_b/ω, which is approximately 0·6 when i_b = ω. It is suggested that this remarkably high transport efficiency is achieved in sheet flow (1) because the ratio of grain‐to‐grain to grain‐to‐bed collisions increases with bed shear stress, and (2) because on average much more momentum is lost in a grain‐to‐bed collision than in a grain‐to‐grain one. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

龙骨坡遗址第7水平层石制品新材料          下载免费PDF全文

侯亚梅  李英华  黄万波  徐自强  鲁娜 《第四纪研究》2006,26(4):555-561

文章记述并分析了20世纪90年代后期重庆巫山龙骨坡遗址出土于第7水平层的16件石制品,包括若干各具特色的工具类型,如原型手镐、原型薄刃斧、大型尖刃器、直刃砍砸器、凸刃砍砸器、长刃石刀、短刃石刀、刮削器、凿刃器等,反映出石器制作者明确的工作目标和为了达到目标所经历的一个又一个中间过程;说明了当时的人类对工具制作的具体需求和适当利用自然环境的事实。研究证据还体现了大约200万年前华南早期人类工具类型的多样性与特殊性,标志着中国早期人类在当时阶段所达到的技术发展水平。龙骨坡遗址很可能是东亚早期人类文化的一个发祥地。  相似文献   

甘青文化区新石器文化的时空变化 和可能的环境动力^*   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

安成邦  王琳  吉笃学  陈发虎  王鹏 《第四纪研究》2006,26(6):923-927

气候变化引起的环境系统的变动,可以对史前文化的时空分布产生决定性的影响。甘青文化区是我国古文明发祥地之一。这里新石器文化非常发达,遗址丰富,类型齐全,为一个自成体系的古文化中心。通过分析不同类型的新石器文化的时空分布的变化,发现自大地湾文化至马家窑文化时期,研究区文化在空间上扩张,而后逐步向南退缩。这一变化和气候的干湿状况的变化密切相关。5kaB.P.气候逐步趋向干旱,导致文化分布上的空间差异,至齐家文化时期,研究区105°E以西遗址点的空间分布大大地向南收缩,而105°E以东齐家文化的分布范围和仰韶文化基本一致。  相似文献   

A Statistical Investigation of the Earthquake Predictions Using LURR     

Keyin Peng  Xiangchu Yin  Lang-Ping Zhang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(11-12):2353-2362

In terms of the spatial scanning of LURR (Load-Unload Response Ratio), we have been predicting the seismic tendency within the next year for the mainland of China from 1995 to 2003. In order to make the quantitative retrospective assessment of LURR method, we compare the results with Poisson null hypothesis. The results show that the prediction by LURR method is much better than Poisson hypothesis.  相似文献