准噶尔盆地隆起区石炭系顶面不整合及其意义及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

毛翔  李江海  张华添  李维波  王洛 《古地理学报》2014,16(4):527-536

石炭系风化壳是准噶尔盆地火山岩油气储集层的主要类型,物性明显好于同时代原生型火山岩。通过对陆梁隆起滴西地区的铸体薄片与岩心观测,发现风化淋滤对火山岩储集性能的改造主要体现在孔隙上,对裂缝的改造作用不明显。由于火山岩形成的构造环境与古地貌存在差异,不同的海拔高度决定了其接受风化时间的长短。准噶尔盆地内石炭系不整合上覆地层时代存在明显差异,下二叠统至白垩系均有分布。最长风化时长在东部隆起约为150Ma,在陆梁隆起约为100Ma,在西部隆起约为55Ma;而3处隆起最少则仅缺失部分上石炭统-下二叠统。风化时长的长短与火山岩孔隙度的大小呈近波峰状对应关系,火山岩孔隙度初始随风化时长的增大(至约30Ma)逐渐增大,在到达峰值(对应风化时长约40Ma)后随时长的增大(55～100Ma)逐渐减小。最大的孔隙度均出现在火山角砾岩和玄武岩中,安山岩的孔隙度次之,而凝灰岩的孔隙度最小。  相似文献   

3种典型荒漠灌木内生固氮菌及固氮酶基因nifH多样性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐正金  罗明  王卫霞  王纯利 《中国沙漠》2014,34(2):472-480

具有特殊生境的内生固氮菌,对改善植物营养、增强植物抗逆性及群落稳定性具有重要作用,是一类潜力巨大、尚待开发的微生物资源。以新疆3种典型荒漠灌木多枝柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）、黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum）、盐穗木（Halostachys caspica）为材料,从根和枝条组织中分离筛选获得137个内生固氮菌菌株,采用16S rDNA PCR-RFLP、16S rDNA序列测定、BOXAIR-PCR指纹图谱、nifH PCR-RFLP等方法分析其遗传多样性及系统发育关系。结果表明：分离菌株经16SrDNA PCR-RFLP酶切图谱聚类划分为9个遗传类型。序列测定和系统发育分析显示,代表菌株分属于拉恩氏菌属（Rahnella）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、泛菌属（Pantoea）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、寡养单胞菌属（Stenotrophomonas）和申氏杆菌属（Shinella）,其中Rahnella为优势种群。一个测定菌株的16SrDNA序列同源性低于97%,提示可能为一个潜在的新种。BOXAIR-PCR分析优势种群的基因组结构特征,获得12种指纹图谱类型,显示出该种群具有丰富的基因组多样性。nifH PCR-RFLP分析分离内生固氮菌菌株固氮酶基因nifH的分子多态性,将其划分为3种基因型,体现了nifH具有高度保守性,同时在不同固氮微生物种群和菌株间也存在一定的多样性。研究结果丰富了固氮微生物物种资源库和基因库,对于内生固氮菌资源的保护和利用奠定了科学基础。  相似文献   

防震减灾"十一五"规划中的战略性问题   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

周挚  刘琼仙  罗荣联  杨配新 《国际地震动态》2005,(7):35-42

从提升地震科技的国家战略地位、增强中国地震科技国际竞争力考虑,提出建立健全国家地震科技创新体系和适时调整工作比重的建议。介绍和评述地震科技创新体系的基本概念与主要内容;结合云南具体情况提出“十一五”规划4项建议项目。希望从国家产业结构调整和国家产业发展的角度研究防震减灾“十一五”规划中的战略性问题。  相似文献   

半城市化地区形成的动力机制与发展前景初探--以浙江省绍兴县为例   总被引：20，自引：4，他引：16  

刘盛和  叶舜赞  杜红亮  陆翔兴 《地理研究》2005,24(4):601-610

本文分析了长江三角洲南翼绍兴县的区域条件和社会经济发展状况,归纳了其城市化的特征,说明该县也具有典型的半城市化地区特征。作者认为,在后发展国家,人口稠密地区的发展,必然会形成半城市化现象;这类地区的小城镇还将经历“自下而上”逐步逐级的集聚发展;分散状态的半城市化的行政区需要加强其中心城市建设,但需与上级区域的城镇体系发展相协调,不宜构造超越其服务区域的大型城市。  相似文献   

Rocky desertification and its causes in karst areas: a case study in Yongshun County,Hunan Province,China   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Y.?J.?Xiong  G.?Y.?QiuEmail author  D.?K.?Mo  H.?Lin  H.?Sun  Q.?X.?Wang  S.?H.?Zhao  J.?Yin 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(7):1481-1488

Rocky desertification, a process of land degradation characterized by soil erosion and bedrock exposure, is one of the most serious land degradation problems in karst areas, and is regarded as an obstacle to local sustainable development. It is well known that human activities can accelerate rocky desertification; however, the effects of climate change on rocky desertification in karst areas are still unclear. This study focused on the effects of temperature and precipitation changes and human activities on rocky desertification in karst areas to determine the impacts of climate change and human disturbances on rocky desertification. Areas of different level of rocky desertification were obtained from Landsat TM (1987) and Landsat ETM+ (2000) images. The results show that, although the total desertification area increased by only 1.27% between 1987 and 2000, 17.73% of the slightly desertified land had degraded to a moderate or intense level, 2.01 and 15.71%, respectively. Meanwhile, between 1987 and 2000, the air temperature increased by 0.7°C, and precipitation increased by 170 mm. Statistical results indicate that the increase in precipitation was caused by heavy rainfall. In addition, under the interactive influences of heavy rainfall and temperature, the average karst dissolution rate was about 87 m³ km⁻² a⁻¹ during the 14 years in the study area. Further analysis indicated that rocky desertification was positively related with the increase in temperature and precipitation and especially with the heavy rainfall events. Climate change accelerated rocky desertification in the karst areas. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Estimation of areas of sand and dust emission in the Hexi Corridor from a land cover database: an approach that combines remote sensing with GIS   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. Z. Yan  Y. M. Zhou  X. Song  H. C. Duan 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(3):707-713

The present study combined remote sensing with geographical information system (GIS) technology to interpret Landsat TM images from 1996 to 2000 and establish a land cover database for the Hexi Corridor of China’s Gansu Province. The areas of sand and dust emission and trends in their change were extracted by analyzing the database, with the following results: In 2000, the source area for sand and dust storms totaled nearly 170,000 km², accounting for 75.1% of the study region. The emission area decreases from as much as 70,000 km² in winter and spring to around 58,000 km² in summer and autumn, accounting for 41.1 and 34.1% of the source area, respectively. During the 4 years of the study period, the emission area decreased by nearly 57 km² in winter and spring (a 0.1% change); however, the vulnerability of the land surface to wind erosion increased in ca. 190 km² and decreased in ca. 102 km². Although the area of dust emission decreased from 1996 to 2000, the area vulnerable to wind erosion increased by ca. 87 km², and the increased number of sand and dust storm days in the region between 2000 and 2003 appears to be correlated with this increase.  相似文献   

地质灾害与地层岩性的关系探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗昌谟 《福建地质》2009,28(4):341-345

通过对福建省内10余个县（市）地质灾害调查与区域综合研究分析。认为各种地质灾害的发生与地质体的母岩有着内在联系,不同类型地质体母岩所发生地质灾害的种类、机率和形成规模也不尽相同。基于福建省现有地质灾害数据库所采集的资料,就地质灾害与地质体母岩的影响关系进行初步探讨。  相似文献   

海平面上升压力下厦门大学白城湾整治的探析     

张金鹏  罗时龙  李超 《福建地质》2009,28(1):73-78

厦门大学白城湾为福建厦门岛南部、九龙江口外的一个小型海湾,水动力环境复杂。在海平面上升压力下,该区域的环境地质问题会进一步的突显。结合前人在此区域的研究成果,详细阐明海湾存在的环境地质问题,探讨有效合理防预整治措施,应对海平面上升而产生的影响,以期构建和谐的海湾环境。  相似文献   

High-Frequency Rayleigh-Wave Method     

Jianghai Xia  Richard D Millerg  Xu Yixian  Luo Yinhe  Chen Chao  Liu Jiangping  Julian Ivanov  Chong Zeng 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)

High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh-wave data acquired with a multichannei recording sys-tem have been utilized to determine shear (S)-wave velocities in near-surface geophysics since the early 1980s. This overview article discusses the main research results of high-frequency surface-wave tech-niques achieved by research groups at the Kansas Geological Survey and China University of Geosciences in the last 15 years. The multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method is a nou-iuvasive acoustic approach to estimate near-surface S-wave velocity. The differences between MASW results and direct borehole measurements are approximately 15% or less and random. Studies show that simultaneous inversion with higher modes and the fundamental mode can increase model resolution and an investigation depth. The other important seismic property, quality factor (Q), can also be estimated with the MASW method by inverting attenuation coefficients of Rayleigh waves. An inverted model (S-wave velocity or Q) obtained using a damped least-squares method can be assessed by an optimal damping vector in a vicinity of the inverted model determined by an objective function, which is the trace of a weighted sum of model-resolution and model-covariance matrices. Current developments include modeling high-frequency Rayleigh-waves in near-surface media, which builds a foundation for shallow seismic or Rayleigh-wave inversion in the time-offset domain; imaging dispersive energy with high resolution in the frequency-velocity domain and possibly with data in an arbitrary acquisition geometry, which opens a door for 3D surface-wave techniques; and successfully separating surface-wave modes, which provides a valuable tool to perform S-wave velocity profiling with high-horizontal resolution.  相似文献   

Variability and spectral variation of 3C 66A     

Shao Ming Hu  Jianghua Wu  H. Y. Guo  X. Zhou  X. Zhang  Y. G. Zheng 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,333(1):213-224

3C 66A was monitored by the BATC (Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut) telescope from 2005 to 2008, 1994 observations were obtained on 89 nights. Detailed research and analysis was performed on these observations in this paper. A long term burst occurred in the whole light curve. No intra-day variability was claimed in our campaign by intra-night light curve analysis. Time lag of shorter wavelenth preceding longer wavelength was shown by correlation analysis. The results showed that the optical spectral shape turned flatter when the source brightened, and the spectral variability indicator was bigger on shorter time-scale as determined by the color indices variation analysis.  相似文献