Flash flood in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) in 2011: part I—calibration watershed through hydrological SMAP model     

Cavalcante  Marianna Rodrigues Gullo  da Cunha Luz Barcellos  Priscila  Cataldi  Marcio 《Natural Hazards》2020,100(3):1117-1136

Natural Hazards - Flooding and water logging possess severe hazards to human population in many parts of the world. Mumbai, the study area, is one of the cities in India and has been frequently...  相似文献   

Analysis of suspended sediment dynamics at event scale: comparison between a Mediterranean and an Alpine basin     

Stefano Giorgio Pagano  Adriana García-Rama  Francesco Gentile  Mario Aristide Lenzi 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(8):948-961

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Identification of T-Waves in the Alboran Sea     

Enrique Carmona  Javier Almendros  Gerardo Alguacil  Juan Ignacio Soto  Francisco Luzón  Jesús M. Ibáñez 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(11):3179-3188

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Sources and sinks of sulphate dissolved in lake water of a dam reservoir: S and O isotopic approach     

Dominika Lewicka-Szczebak  Adriana TrojanowskaWojciech Drzewicki  Maciej GórkaMariusz-Orion Jędrysek  Piotr JezierskiMarta Kurasiewicz  Janusz Krajniak 《Applied Geochemistry》2009

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Modeling the effects of historical vegetation change on near-surface atmosphere in the northern Chihuahuan Desert     

Adriana Beltrn-Przekurat  Roger A. Pielke Sr.  Debra P.C. Peters  Keirith A. Snyder  Albert Rango 《Journal of Arid Environments》2008,72(10):1897-1910

Our goal was to evaluate effects of broad-scale changes in vegetation from grasslands to shrublands over the past 150 years on near-surface atmosphere over the Jornada Experimental Range in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, using a regional climate model. Simulations were conducted using 1858 and 1998 vegetation maps, and data collected in the field. Overall, the vegetation shift led to small changes in sensible heat (SH) and an increase in latent heat (LH). The impacts of shrub encroachment depended on shrubland type: conversion from grass to mesquite cools the near-surface atmosphere and from grass to creosotebush warms it. Higher albedo of mesquite relative to grasses reduced available energy, which was dissipated mainly as LH due to the deeper root system in mesquite. In creosotebush-dominated areas, a decrease in albedo, an increase in roughness length and displacement height contributed to the SH increase and warmer temperatures. Sensitivity simulations showed that an increase in soil moisture content enhanced shrub LH and a reduction in mesquite cover enhanced the temperature differences. The observed shift in vegetation led to complex interactions between land and surface fluxes, demonstrating that vegetation itself is a weather and climate variable as it significantly influences temperature and humidity.  相似文献   

Malachite Green Adsorption by a Residue‐based Microwave‐activated Adsorbent     

Adriana S. Franca  Leandro S. Oliveira  Anne A. Nunes 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(9):843-849

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Surface dynamic deformation estimates from local seismicity: the Itoiz reservoir,Spain     

Miguel A. Santoyo  Patricia Martínez-Garzón  Antonio García-Jerez  Francisco Luzón 《Journal of Seismology》2016,20(3):1021-1039

We analyze the ground motion time histories due to the local seismicity near the Itoiz reservoir to estimate the near-source, surface 3D displacement gradients and dynamic deformations. The seismic data were obtained by a semipermanent broadband and accelerometric network located on surface and at underground sites. The dynamic deformation field was calculated by two different methodologies: first, by the seismo-geodetic method using the data from a three-station microarray located close to the dam, and second, by single station estimates of the displacement gradients. The dynamic deformations obtained from both methods were compared and analyzed in the context of the local free-field effects. The shallow 1D velocity structure was estimated from the seismic data by modeling the body wave travel times. Time histories obtained from both methods result quite similar in the time window of body wave arrivals. The strain misfits between methods vary from 1.4 to 35.0 % and rotational misfits vary from 2.5 to 36.0 %. Amplitudes of displacement gradients vary in the range of 10^?8 to 10^?7 strains. From these results, a new scaling analysis by numerical modeling is proposed in order to estimate the peak dynamic deformations for different magnitudes, up to the expected maximum M _w in the region (M5.5). Peak dynamic deformations due to local M _w5.5 earthquakes would reach amplitudes of 10^?5 strain and 10^?3 radians at the Itoiz dam. The single station method shows to be an adequate option for the analysis of local seismicity, where few three-component stations are available. The results obtained here could help to extend the applicability of these methodologies to other sites of engineering interest.  相似文献   

Toward a Spatial Understanding of Staple Food and Nonstaple Food Production in Brazil     

J. Christopher Brown  Lisa Rausch  Verônica Gronau Luz 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):249-259

Brazilian agricultural census data at the municipal level are used to develop and map a simple index of staple food versus nonstaple food agriculture for Brazil over time (1996–2006). The results show spatial variation in the direction and degree of the shift toward or away from staple food cropping across Brazil. The index is presented as an important methodological step toward a systematic geographic understanding of crop share changes surrounding food versus fuel and other nonfood crop production.  相似文献   

Coastal dynamics off Northwest Iberia during a stormy winter period     

Pablo Otero  Manuel Ruiz-Villarreal  Luz García-García  Gonzalo González-Nuevo  Jose Manuel Cabanas 《Ocean Dynamics》2013,63(1):115-129

The consequences of a stormy winter period (2009/2010) on the shelf and coastal dynamics off Northwest Iberia are analysed by using model results in combination with the set of available observations in the frame of the Iberian Margin Ocean Observatory (RAIA), a cross-border infrastructure among North Portugal and Galicia (Spain). During the study winter, the frequent arrival of weather fronts forced river plumes to flow along the inner shelf in a fast (>1 m?s^?1) jet-like structure. The buoyant current strongly influenced the outer rías, the name of the estuaries in the region, where a strong decay of surface salinity (<10.5) has been observed. Once the weather front has passed, the wind reversal forced the offshore expansion of river plumes and also the development of a winter upwelling event. Thermohaline patterns in both model and observations revealed an intrusion of warm (>15 °C) and salty (>35.9) waters into the rías associated with the Iberian Poleward Current. Finally, some Lagrangian modelling experiments were performed to analyse the transport ability of the plume and the effect that could have had in the biological material trapped on it. The experiments reveal that an overall northward displacement of surface particles will be expected after several alternate wind events.  相似文献   

Microscopy and rock magnetism of fine grain-size titanomagnetite from the Jacupiranga Alkaline Complex,Brazil: unearthing Ti-magnesioferrite nanoparticles     

Luis M. Alva-Valdivia  María de la Luz Rivas-Sánchez  Jesús Arenas-Alatorre  Avto Goguitchaishvili  Omar Ferreira Lopes 《Geofísica Internacional》2013,52(2):93-110

Very fine samples from the mineralized zones of the Jacupiranga complex at the Cajati mine were selected for crystallographic identification of Ti-magnesioferrite (TMf) nanostructures embedded in titanomagnetite (TM) using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A magnetic concentrate obtained of pyroxenite samples (sites 4 to 7) was reduced and divided into fractions of distinct range sizes: 26±2 μm, 19±1 μm, 13±1 μm, 9±1 μm, 6±1 μm and 6-0.1 μm. The mineralized samples of carbonatite and pyroxenite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmitted and reflected light microscope, and scanning electron microscope with multielemental analysis. The finest magnetic concentrate sample (MC₆) was analyzed under high-resolution transmitted electron microscopy (TEM) and high angle annular dark field and Raman spectroscopy. Magnetic properties were measured for the distinct granulometric fractions, showing drastic changes when grain sizes go beyond the frontier from micro to nanometer sizes. Frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility percentage (÷_fd%) report higher values (10.2%) for the finer fractions (6±1 μm and 6-0.1 μm) attributed to dominant fractions of superparamagnetic particles. Nanometer and < 6 μm grain size TMf in TM particles require a magnetic field up to 249 mT to reach saturation during the isothermal remanent magnetization experiment. Coercivity and remanent magnetization of these samples increase when the particle size decreases, probably due to parallel coupling effects. Magnetic susceptibility versus temperature experiments were conducted two times on the same (< 35 nm) sample, showing that the repetition during the second heating is probably due to the formation of new TMf nanoparticles and growth of those already present during the first heating process.  相似文献