Application of Mineral‐Based Amendments for Enhancing Phytostabilization in Lolium perenne L. Cultivation          下载免费PDF全文

Maja Radziemska  Ayla Bilgin  Magdalena D. Vaverková 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(1)

An experimental investigation is conducted to explore the suitability of Lolium perenne L., diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone for the phytostabilization of Ni and Cu in contaminated soil. A controlled greenhouse study is conducted. The soil is enriched with rising dose of Cu and Ni, that is, (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg kg^?1) and (0, 150, 300, and 450 mg kg^?1), respectively. The phytostabilization potential of perennial ryegrass is evaluated using a bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. Pseudo‐total and available metal content (0.01 M CaCl₂) in soils and bioaccumulated content in plants are defined in laboratory experiments using spectrophotometry experimental technique. L. perenne is adequate in phytostabilization aided programs, simultaneously, diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone used as modifiers are effective in reducing the accessibility and mobility of metals in Cu‐ and Ni‐polluted soils. The finding of the present study suggests that the studied element in the roots and above‐ground parts of L. perenne differs significantly upon applying mineral‐based modifications to the soil, synchronously the effect of increasing Cu and Ni levels. Application of dolomite and limestone to the soil cause the highest percentage of the above‐ground biomass. Diatomite along with limestone cause a significant boost of Cu and Ni absorption in the roots. Limestone causes an increase in the contents of K, Na, and Ca, as well as a reduction in P in the above‐ground parts of L. perenne. Limestone and chalcedonite leads to the highest decrease in available Cu and Ni.  相似文献   

A novel approach to the quantitative interpretation of petrophysical parameters using nano-CT: example of Paleozoic carbonates     

Edyta Puskarczyk  Paulina Krakowska  Mariusz Jędrychowski  Magdalena Habrat  Paweł Madejski 《Acta Geophysica》2018,66(6):1453-1461

The main goal was the analysis of parameters describing the structure of the pore space of carbonate rocks, based on tomographic images. The results of CT images interpretation, made for 17 samples of Paleozoic carbonate rocks were shown. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of a pore system was performed. Objects were clustered according to the pore size. Within the clusters, the geometry parameters were analysed. The following dependences were obtained for carbonate rocks, also for individual clusters (due to the volume): (1) a linear relationship (on a bilogarithmic scale) between the specific surface and the Feret diameter and (2) a strong linear relationship between specific surface area and Feret diameter and average diameter of the objects calculated for the sphere. The results were then combined with available results from standard laboratory tests, including NMR and MICP.  相似文献   

Microbially Contaminated Water in Urban Fountains as a Hidden Source of Infections     

Barbara D. Modrzewska  Magdalena Bartnicka  Joanna Blaszkowska 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(8)

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Special issue introduction: The link between shallow and deep processes in Sedimentary Basins     

Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth  Ulf Bayer 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

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Central Andean magmatism can be constrained by three ubiquitous end‐members          下载免费PDF全文

Magdalena Blum‐Oeste  Gerhard Wörner 《地学学报》2016,28(6):434-440

The geochemical character of primary magmas and the nature of crustal melts remain poorly constrained at the active continental margin of the Central Andes, where the crustal thickness is >70 km. We identify three end‐members and constrain their full major and trace element compositions by polytopic vector analysis (PVA). The end‐members include two mafic parent magmas: (1) a slightly evolved calcalkaline basaltic andesite derived from the fluid‐fluxed mantle wedge that is typical of the Andes in general and (2) a strongly LREE‐enriched basalt akin in its trace element pattern to back‐arc shoshonites. (3) The third end‐member is a variably HREE‐depleted rhyodacite representing partial melts of lower to middle crustal lithologies. We propose that these end‐members are ubiquitous and typical of such thick‐crust settings, and can explain – in highly variable mixing proportions – the entire compositional range of Central Andean magmatism.  相似文献   

Distribution of Selected Critical Elements in the Carboniferous Coal-bearing Series of the Upper Silesian and Lublin Coal Basins (Poland)     

Ewa KRZESZOWSKA  Magdalena KOKOWSKA-PAWLOWSKA  SwiatosIaw KRZESZOWSKI 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(1):273-292

The distribution of selected critical elements in the sedimentary rocks of the Carboniferous coal-bearing series within the Polish Coal Basins is presented.Critical elements such as Be,Mg,Si,P,Sc,V,Co,Y,Nb,In,Sb,La,Ce,Hf,Ta,W,Bi were analysed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP/MS).Concentrations of elements such as Sb,Bi,In and,to a slightly lesser extent,Nb,as well as Sc,show average concentrations higher than those from the upper continental crust.The average concentrations of elements like Hf,Mg,P,Y,La,and Ce are slightly lower than in the upper continental crust.Other elements,such as Be,Co,Si,Ta,W and V have average concentrations that are similar,but slightly enriched or slightly depleted,relative to the upper continental crust.The research showed enrichment of some critical elements in the analysed samples,but not high enough that extraction would be economically viable.Statistical methods,which include correlation coefficients between elements and cluster analysis,reveal a strong positive correlation between elements like Be,Bi,Nb,Sc,Ta,W and V.Very high,almost total,positive correlation is also noted between La and Ce.  相似文献   

Search of visually similar microscopic rock images     

Magdalena Ładniak  Mariusz Młynarczuk 《Computational Geosciences》2015,19(1):127-136

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Rock magnetic,petrographic and dielectric characterization of prehistoric Amerindian potsherds from Venezuela     

Myriam Andrea Rada Torres  Vincenzo Costanzo-Álvarez  Milagrosa Aldana  Nery Suárez  Corina Campos  Maria Magdalena Mackowiak-Antczak  María Carmela Brandt 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2011,55(4):717-736

Rock magnetic, petrographic and dielectric analyses were carried out, in a number of archeological ceramic potsherds, in order to characterize the different manufacturing techniques used by Prehistoric Venezuelan Amerindian potters. Samples were excavated in 7 Venezuelan islands and ascribed to distinct cultural groups on purely stylistic grounds (i.e. Valencioide, Ocumaroide, Dabajuroide and Unknown). Mean coercivity values were determined through a direct signal analyses (DSA) applied to isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition curves. Logarithmic plots of these mean coercivities are the best quantitative means to classify diverse ceramics. The mean coercivity values seem to group the samples according to the manufacturing development. These values also seem to discriminate the samples provenance, indeed, this plot displays a good grouping of data for samples presumably manufactured by the same culture but excavated at different locations. Thermomagnetic cycles supply helpful information about original ceramic firing conditions. The irreversibility parameter (IP) for thermomagnetic curves (heating and cooling), serves as an indicator of the amount of organic matter burnt during original pottery firing. The IP for a number of pottery samples from Venezuelan islands and mainland, with ages ranging between 300 BC to 1500 AD, might suggest a possible increasing trend in time towards the complete reversibility line of IP = 0. Most samples, independently of age and cultural group, have IP values that suggest that most open fires, used by primitive Venezuelan Amerindian potters, had enough ventilation and oxidizing atmospheres. A scatter plot of maximum current depolarization temperatures versus natural remanent magnetization (NRM) suggests a complex non-linear relationship between these two parameters most likely due to the fact that both, dielectric and rock magnetic data, are linked to pore-related features.  相似文献   

Modelling of fractured carbonate reservoirs: outline of a novel technique via a case study from the Molasse Basin, southern Bavaria, Germany     

Mauro Cacace  Guido Blöcher  Norihiro Watanabe  Inga Moeck  Nele Börsing  Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth  Olaf Kolditz  Ernst Huenges 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(8):3585-3602

Fluid flow in low-permeable carbonate rocks depends on the density of fractures, their interconnectivity and on the formation of fault damage zones. The present-day stress field influences the aperture hence the transmissivity of fractures whereas paleostress fields are responsible for the formation of faults and fractures. In low-permeable reservoir rocks, fault zones belong to the major targets. Before drilling, an estimate for reservoir productivity of wells drilled into the damage zone of faults is therefore required. Due to limitations in available data, a characterization of such reservoirs usually relies on the use of numerical techniques. The requirements of these mathematical models encompass a full integration of the actual fault geometry, comprising the dimension of the fault damage zone and of the fault core, and the individual population with properties of fault zones in the hanging and foot wall and the host rock. The paper presents both the technical approach to develop such a model and the property definition of heterogeneous fault zones and host rock with respect to the current stress field. The case study describes a deep geothermal reservoir in the western central Molasse Basin in southern Bavaria, Germany. Results from numerical simulations indicate that the well productivity can be enhanced along compressional fault zones if the interconnectivity of fractures is lateral caused by crossing synthetic and antithetic fractures. The model allows a deeper understanding of production tests and reservoir properties of faulted rocks.  相似文献   

The deep thermal field of the Glueckstadt Graben     

Philipp Balling  Yuriy Maystrenko  Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(8):3505-3522

With this paper, we assess the present-day conductive thermal field of the Glueckstadt Graben in NW Germany that is characterized by large salt walls and diapirs structuring the graben fill. We use a finite element method to calculate the 3D steady-state conductive thermal field based on a lithosphere-scale 3D structural model that resolves the first-order structural characteristics of the graben and its underlying lithosphere. Model predictions are validated against measured temperatures in six deep wells. Our investigations show that the interaction of thickness distributions and thermal rock properties of the different geological layers is of major importance for the distribution of temperatures in the deep subsurface of the Glueckstadt Graben. However, the local temperatures may result from the superposed effects of different controlling factors. Especially, the upper sedimentary part of the model exhibits huge lateral temperature variations, which correlate spatially with the shape of the thermally highly conductive Permian salt layer. Variations in thickness and geometry of the salt cause two major effects, which provoke considerable lateral temperature variations for a given depth. (1) The “chimney effect” causes more efficient heat transport within salt diapirs. As a consequence positive thermal anomalies develop in the upper part and above salt structures, where the latter are covered by much less conductive sediments. In contrast, negative thermal anomalies are noticeable underneath salt structures. (2) The “thermal blanketing effect” is caused by thermally low conductive sediments that provoke the local storage of heat where these insulating sediments are present. The latter effect leads to both local and regional thermal anomalies. Locally, this translates to higher temperatures where salt margin synclines are filled with thick insulating clastic sediments. For the regional anomalies the cumulative insulating effects of the entire sediment fill results in a long-wavelength variation of temperatures in response to heat refraction effects caused by the contrast between insulating sediments and highly conductive crystalline crust. Finally, the longest wavelength of temperature variations is caused by the depth position of the isothermal lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary defining the regional variations of the overall geothermal gradient. We find that a conductive thermal model predicts observed temperatures reasonably well for five of the six available wells, whereas the steady-state conductive approach appears not to be valid for the sixth well.  相似文献